Effects of different nutritional conditions on accumulation and distribution of Cr in Coix lacryma-jobi L. in Cr6+-contaminated constructed wetland.

In this research, micro Coix lacryma-jobi L. vertical flow constructed wetlands (VFCWs) were set up using domestic sewage (DWS) and 1/2 Hoagland nutrient solution (HNS) as VFCWs water sources. 0, 20 mg L-1 and 40 mg L-1 of Cr6+ (in the form of K2Cr7O2) were added into the water sources separately in order to study the response of Coix lacryma-jobi L. under Cr6+ stress. The results showed that the inhibition rates of Cr6 + on plant height, stem diameter, shoot and root dry weight treated with HNS were 2.88~10.16%, 5.12~11.86%, 3.53~6.51% and 2.89~6.34% higher than those in DWS treatment. SEM analysis showed that the nuclear bilayer membrane was slightly damaged, the chromatin decreased and the number of mitochondrial cristae decreased when treated with 20 mg L-1 of Cr6+, however, organelle damage was more severe under 40 mg L-1 of Cr6+exposure. The X-ray energy spectrum analysis results indicated that the accumulation of chromium in epidermis and endodermis were higher than those in stele. The contents of total Cr in roots, stems and leaves treated with HNS were higher than those of DWS treatment. The highest content of Cr was observed in cell wall (32.12-188.1 mg kg-1), followed by vacuole (5.0-38.14 mg kg-1). The contents of Cr in each subcellular component in roots, stems, and leaves treated with HNS were higher than those of DWS, except for organelle components in the 14th week. DWS was used as water influent, the contents of easily migrated combined Cr (ETM) in roots, stems and leaves were significantly lower than those in HNS treatment. Improving the nutritional conditions of constructed wetlands might be beneficial to the improvement of their ability to purify chrome-containing waste water.

Connecting Western and Eastern Medicine from an Energy Perspective.

Although Western medicine and Eastern medicine are worlds apart, there is a striking overlap in the basic principle of these types of medicine when we look at them from the perspective of energy. In both worlds, opposing forces provide the energy that flows through networks in an organism, which fuels life. In this concept, health is the ability of an organism to maintain the balance between these opposing forces, i.e., homeostasis (West) and harmony (East), which creates resilience. Moreover, strategies used to treat diseases are strikingly alike, namely adjusting the flow of energy by changing the connections in the network. The energy perspective provides a basis to integrate Eastern and Western medicine, and opens new directions for research to get the best of both worlds.

[Intramedullary nailing combined with cannulated screw in treating femoral condyles fractures].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical effects of retrograde intramedullary nailing and cannulated screws in the treatment of femoral condylar fracture. METHODS: From June 2009 to June 2015, 13 patients with femoral condyles fracture were treated by retrograde intramedullary nailing and cannulated screws including 6 males and 7 females with an average age of 46.1 years old ranging from 16 to 76 years old. There were 10 cases of closed fractures, 3 cases of open fraetures. According to AO classification criteriam, 4 cases were type C1, 7 cases were type C2, 2 cases were type C3. Postoperative reduction of fracture and the knee joint function recovery were observed. RESULTS: All patients were followed up for 12 to 36 months with a mean of 24 months. X-ray examination showed that the union time of fracture was 18 to 24 weeks, 21 weeks on average. There were no cases of loosening, breakage of internal fixators and re-fracture. Hospital for Special Surgery(HSS) knee score was 90.07±4.99 at 1 year after the operation. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical efficacy for retrograde intramedullary nailing and cannulated screw for the treatment of femoral condyles fracture was excellent. It can improve the anatomical reattachment rate and reduce the complications and promote the knee functional recovery.

Antibacterial activity of leaf essential oil and its constituents from Cinnamomum longepaniculatum.

Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Salmonella enteritidis CMCC (B) 50041, were used in the antibacterial tests of Cinnamomum longepaniculatum leaf essential oil and its five chemical constituents. The effect of 1, 8-cineole on the ultrastructural structure of the bacteria (S. aureus and E. coli) was also investigated by transmission electron microscopy. The C. longepaniculatum leaf essential oil and the five chemical constituents showed variable levels of inhibition. Their MIC ( minimum inhibitory concentration ) and MBC (minimal bacteriocidal concentration) values were all in the range of 0.781 µL/mL~6.25 µL/mL and 0.781 µL/mL~12.5 µL/mL respectively except γ-terpinene. The MIC values of γ-terpinene against E. coli and S. aureus were all higher than 50 µL/mL, but the MIC and MBC values of γ-terpinene against S. enteritidis was only 3.125 µL/mL. Among them, α-terpineol possessed the best antibacterial activity. Under the transmission electron microscope, cell size of treated E. coli decreased, cell wall and cell membrane ruptured, and nucleoplasm was reduced and gathered onto the side. After the S. aureus was treated with 1, 8-cineole, the cell size and shape were damaged and nucleus cytoplasm was concentrated or reduced or agglomerated on the side. These results suggest that C. longepaniculatum leaf essential oil and its constituents have excellent antibacterial activities, the antibacterial mechanism of 1, 8-cineole against E. coli and S. aureus might attributable to its hydrophobicity.

[Study on the efficacy and safety of high dose thymopentin combined with trans-artery chemoembolization for primary liver cancer].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of high doses of thymopentin (10 mg/d) combined with transartery chemoembolization for primary liver cancer. METHODS: Fifty primary liver cancer patients were randomly divided into two groups: therapeutic and control group, and all were treated with transfemoral artery chemoembolization (TACE) with oxaliplatin 150 mg, pharmorubicin 50 mg, 5-Fu 750 mg, CF 300 mg and lipiodol 20 ml. Therapeutic group (25) were added 10 mg thymopentin daily after TACE: i.v. on dl - d5, and im on D6 - D21. RESULTS: There was a significant difference in adverse effect and toxicity such as naupathia,fever, swirl, asthenia observed between two groups (P < 0.05). No difference in either pre- or post-chemotherapy peripheral blood examination and biochemical assay was found between two groups (P > 0.05). In control group, CD4+ cell was 37.92% +/- 8.71% in pre-treatment, which decreased to 29.16% +/- 8.21% in post-treatment with a significant difference (P < 0.01), whereas there was no evident difference in CD4+ cell between pre-treatment and post-treatment in the treatment group. CONCLUSION: Transartery chemoembolization combined with high dose of thymopentin in the treatment for primary liver cancer is effective and safe, and can significantly improve the immune function and the chemotherapy tolerance.