[Progress in research of traditional Chinese medicine Citrus aurantium].

Citrus aurantium is one of the most common traditional Chinese medicines. In this paper, the chemical components, content determination and pharmacological actions of C. aurantium were summarized for the comprehensive utilization of its resources. Because of the complicated resources of C. aurantium, only one single component as index couldn't reflect the quality and effects and comprehensive evaluation which concluding multiple components should be established in the future quality control. In recent years, the pharmacological effects research of C. aurantium has made tremendous progress, and it is important to explore new drugs from the development and utilization of the active ingredient of C. aurantium. In recent years, the pharmacological effects research of C. aurantium has made tremendous progress, and it is important to explore new drugs from the development and utilization of the active ingredient of C. aurantium.

Giant malignant meningioma invading the calvarial bone and scalp.

Meningiomas are common and mostly benign intracranial tumors, but malignant meningioma is a rare subtype with high recurrence rate and poor prognosis. Also, most meningiomas grow intracranially, and extracranial growth of meningiomas has rarely been reported. We present here a rare case of a giant malignant meningioma with multiple recurrences. The patient was a 73-year-old woman who was evaluated to have a malignant meningioma of the frontal part of the skull 3 years before being admitted to our hospital and received surgical treatment. The tumor recurred 3 years after the first surgery and was classified as a giant meningioma on admission to our hospital. We performed total resection of the giant meningioma and reconstructed the defect with artificial dura, skull, and a local rotating flap. The patient recovered and lived well for 1 year. However, 15 months after surgery, the patient died of the recurrent tumor after refusing any treatment. Meningiomas are usually common and benign intracranial tumors; however, the anaplastic subtype of meningiomas is rare and malignant. Despite the high rates of recurrence and metastasis, surgery is still an option. For giant invasive tumors, the cooperation of neurosurgeons and plastic surgeons is essential.

[Premovement of polyacrylamide hydrogel (PAAH) from breast through submammary fold incision].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the bad effect of breast augmentation with PAAH injection and the technique to remove PAAH from breast effectively and safely. METHODS: 43 cases (86 sides) underwent operation to remove the PAAH from breast through submammary incision, followed by dressing with pressure for 3 days. The patients received colored doppler ultrasonography and immunologic test before and 3 months after operation. RESULTS: Postoperative ultrasonography showed residual PAAH in breast in one case. Among the 20 cases who had preoperative breast pain, the pain relieved completely in 10 cases and improved in the other 10 cases. All the patients had some abnormal results in immunologic test which improved 3 months after operation. CONCLUSIONS: Breast augmentation with PAAH injection can result in breast pain and other complications. It may also have bad effect on the immune system. PAAH should be removed as soon as possible. The technique through submammary incision to remove PAAH is one of the safe and reliable methods.

[Study the effect of antisense MMP-2 by transfection of ad-aMMP-2 on vascular endothelial cells from human proferating hemangiomas in vitro].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of antisense MMP-2 by transfecting the Ad-aMMP-2 on the vascular endothelial cells (VEC) derived from human proferating hemangiomas in vitro. METHODS: Three groups. Group M199, Group Ad-GFP and Group Ad-aMMP-2 were tested in this study with the 100 multiplicity of infection (MOI). Reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR), Western Blotting and Gelatin Zymography analyses were applied to evaluate the level of endogenous MMP-2 expression. RESULTS: The decreased expression level of endogenous MMP-2 mRNA and protein excretion of MMP-2 and Gelatin Zymography analyses of liveness of Group Ad-aMMP-2 were observed by comparison with Group M199 and Group Ad-GFP (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Ad-aMMP-2 could inhibit the secretion of MMP-2 from VEC in vitro.