Estimulación magnética transcraneal theta-burst intermitente para el tratamiento de la espasticidad en pacientes con esclerosis múltiple recurrente: resultados de un ensayo clínico aleatorizado doble ciego / Intermittent theta-burst transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of spasticity in patients with recurring multiple sclerosis: the results of a double-blind randomised clinical trial

Objetivo. La estimulación magnética transcraneal repetitiva podría ser útil como tratamiento no farmacológico para la espasticidad. El objetivo de este estudio es reevaluar el efecto clínico y los cambios neurofisiológicos que produce la estimulación theta-burst intermitente (ETBi) sobre la espasticidad de las extremidades inferiores en pacientes con esclerosis múltiple recurrente en un ensayo aleatorizado, doble ciego, controlado con placebo. Pacientes y métodos. Diecisiete pacientes en la fase remitente de la enfermedad fueron aleatoriamente asignados al grupo placebo o al grupo de tratamiento activo mediante estimulación magnética transcraneal repetitiva con protocolo ETBi sobre la corteza motora contralateral de la pierna más afectada. El procedimiento consistió en 10 sesiones diarias durante dos semanas. Cada sesión consistió en 10 ráfagas que contenían tres pulsos a 50 Hz repetidos a intervalos de 200 ms (5 Hz) cada 10 s para un total de 600 estímulos. El efecto de ETBi se evaluó mediante el uso de parámetros clínicos (como la escala de Ashworth modificada) y neurofisiológicos (ratio de amplitud H/M y duración del período cortical silente). Resultados. Dos semanas de ETBi sobre la corteza motora de la pierna más afectada no produjeron ningún efecto clínico significativo sobre la espasticidad en pacientes con esclerosis múltiple recurrente. Sin embargo, aunque de forma no significativa, se observó disminución de la ratio de amplitud H/M y un aumento de la duración del período cortical silente. Conclusión. El protocolo de estimulación utilizado en este estudio no parece tener un efecto terapéutico significativo. Sin embargo, recomendamos estudios adicionales, ya que los cambios neurofisiológicos fueron evidentes

Aim. It has been suggested that the repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation could be useful as a non-pharmacological treatment for spasticity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and neurophysiological effects of high-frequency intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) on lower limb spasticity in patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis in a randomized, double-blind placebo controlled trial. Patients and methods. Seventeen patients in the remitting phase of the disease were randomly allocated to sham or magnetic therapy group and underwent iTBS over contralateral motor cortex of the most affected leg once a day for two weeks. Each session consisted of 10 bursts containing three pulses at 50 Hz repeated at 200 ms intervals (5 Hz) every 10 s for a total of 600 stimuli. The iTBS effect was assessed by using clinical (such as the Modified Ashworth Scale) and neurophysiological (H/M amplitude ratio and cortical silent period duration) parameters. Results. Two-week iTBS over motor cortex of the most affected leg did not produce any significant clinical effect on spasticity. However, it decreases the H/M amplitude ratio and increases duration of cortical silent period but not significantly, in patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis. CONCLUSION. The stimulation protocol used in this study does not have significant therapeutic effect. Therefore, we do recommend further studies as neurophysiological changes were evident

Experience with fampridine in clinical practice: analysis of a possible marker of clinical response.

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: Approximately 85% of patients with multiple sclerosis experience reduced mobility, which negatively affects quality of life. Fampridine is the first symptomatic treatment aimed at improving gait. We analyzed effectiveness and tolerance in clinical practice. We also sought a prevalent gait pattern in responders as a potential clinical response marker. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Six-month prospective study of fampridine in patients with multiple sclerosis. Response was evaluated using the Timed 25-Foot Walk Test (T25FW) and the 12-Item Multiple Sclerosis Walking Scale (MSWS-12). Response was defined as increased gait speed (≥20%) and decreased MSWS-12 score (≥4 points). RESULTS: Fifty-five patients (67.3% women; mean age, 51.7 [11.1] years) with a baseline Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score of 5.8. Gait pattern was paraparetic (40%), hemiparetic (21.8%) and ataxic (38.2%). Of all patients, 70.9% demonstrated clinical benefit based on response criteria established, at the 14-d follow-up, 61.8% at 3 months and 45.5% at 6 months. A similar response pattern was observed in the MSWS-12. A significant decrease in the mean (SD) EDSS score was observed in responders at 6 months (6.1 [0.9] vs. 5.64 [0.1], p < 0.05). Adverse effects were recorded in 50.9%, although most were mild-moderate and resolved completely. We did not identify a prevalent gait pattern among responders. After a washout period, some patients received fampridine a second time obtaining response recovery. CONCLUSIONS: In our patients' cohort, fampridine proved clinical benefit, being safe and well tolerated in most cases. We did not identify a gait pattern that was predictive of clinical response.