RESUMO
Chronic stress-induced anxiety disorder is a highly-prevalent, modern social disease in which oxidative stress plays an important role. It is necessary to determine the underlying mechanisms governing this disorder to establish an effective treatment target for anxiety disorders. In this study, we examined the behavioral changes in mice subjected to chronic mild stress (CMS). We found that CMS exposure leads to anxiety-like phenotypes and increased levels of oxidative stress in the ventral hippocampus of mice. Furthermore, CMS increased the excitatory synaptic transmission of pyramidal cells in the ventral CA1 (vCA1). Administration of 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-acetophenone (apocynin), an inhibitor of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases, clearly ameliorated the changes induced by CMS exposure. In addition, our results of behavioral tests and analyses of reactive oxygen species (ROS) using NOX2-deficient mice indicate that CMS-induced enhanced oxidative stress level is primarily caused by the increased expression of NOX2. NOX2-derived oxidative stress can serve as a target for anxiety therapy led by chronic stress.
Assuntos
Acetofenonas/uso terapêutico , Ansiedade/tratamento farmacológico , NADPH Oxidase 2/antagonistas & inibidores , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Estresse Psicológico/psicologia , Animais , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica , Ansiedade/etiologia , Ansiedade/psicologia , Cisplatino , Hipocampo/efeitos dos fármacos , Hipocampo/metabolismo , Ifosfamida , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Mitomicina , NADPH Oxidase 2/metabolismo , NADPH Oxidases/antagonistas & inibidores , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Estresse Psicológico/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
Aucuba obcordata is an endemic species and traditional Chinese medicine in China. The complete chloroplast genome sequence of A. obcordata was generated by de novo assembly using whole genome next generation sequencing. The complete chloroplast genome was 157,993 bp in length, contained four parts: a large single copy (LSC) region of 87317 bp, a small single copy (SSC) region of 18483 bp, and two inverted repeat (IRs) regions of 26,094 bp each. The genome annotation contained a total of 113 genes, including 79 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNA genes, and four rRNA genes. The overall GC content was 37.8%. Phylogenetic analysis of chloroplast genomes clustered A. obcordata with Eucommia ulmoides Oliver.
