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1.
Water Res ; 256: 121591, 2024 Jun 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38615606

RESUMO

Risk assessment and adaptation have become key focuses in the examination of urban flooding risk. In recent decades, global climate change has resulted in a high incidence of extreme weather events, notably flooding. This study introduces a spatial multi-indicator model developed for assessing flood risk at the urban agglomeration scale. A crucial addition to the model is the incorporation of an adaptive capacity within the IPCC risk framework. The model systematically considers various flood risk indicators related to the economic, social, and geographic environments of the central and southern Liaoning urban agglomeration (CSLN). It generates a spatial distribution map of integrated flood risk for multiple scenario combinations. Furthermore, the intricate relationship between different risk indicators and flood risk was analyzed using correlation analysis and the Light Gradient Boosting Machine model (Light GBM). The findings reveal notable variations in flood risk under different scenarios. The inclusion of vulnerability indicators increased flood risk by 33 %, while the subsequent inclusion of adaptive indicators decreased flood risk by 45 %. Dense populations and assets contribute to high flood risk, while adaptive capacity significantly mitigates urban flood risk. The framework adopted in this paper can be applied to other areas where urban agglomeration-scale flood risk assessment is needed, and can contribute to advancing scientific research on flood forecasting and mitigation.


Assuntos
Cidades , Inundações , Medição de Risco , Modelos Teóricos , Mudança Climática
2.
Mycologia ; 116(3): 431-448, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38417055

RESUMO

Agaricus is a species-rich genus with more than 600 species around the world. In this work, three new species, Agaricus cacainus, A. baiyunensis, and A. praeclarefibrillosus are described from the specimens collected at Baiyun Mountain, Guangzhou, China, a subtropical area with a monsoon maritime climate, based on phylogenetic analyses and morphological examinations of internal transcribed spacer (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 = ITS), D1/D2 domains of the large subunit of ribosomal DNA (28S), and a part of translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF1). Agaricus cacainus in A. sect. Amoeni is characterized by a parabolic to applanate, slightly depressed pileus covered with chocolate brown, appressed, triangular squamules against white background, a white, furfuraceous stipe, an unchanging context when cut, a fragile and evanescent annulus, usually 4- or 2-spored basidia, and mostly pyriform cheilocystidia. Agaricus baiyunensis in A. sect. Minores has a pileus with a slightly truncate top covered with light brown, downy-wooly fibrillose scales and a light yellowish stipe with membranous annulus. Agaricus praeclarefibrillosus in A. sect. Brunneopicti is characterized by a pileus surface with brownish, triangular, recurved scales and longitudinally splitting lines toward margin, a cottony stipe with white, tiny, recurved fibrils, a single annulus, and variously shaped cheilocystidia, with sparsely ornamented basidiospores. The detailed comparison of their morphological characteristics with closely related species is provided.


Assuntos
Agaricus , DNA Fúngico , DNA Espaçador Ribossômico , Filogenia , China , Agaricus/classificação , Agaricus/genética , DNA Fúngico/genética , DNA Espaçador Ribossômico/genética , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Esporos Fúngicos/citologia , Esporos Fúngicos/classificação , RNA Ribossômico 28S/genética , Fator 1 de Elongação de Peptídeos/genética , Dados de Sequência Molecular
3.
Aging Clin Exp Res ; 35(12): 3115-3125, 2023 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37962763

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Due to the ongoing Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, interest has arisen to realize the relationship between telomere length (TL) and influenza and pneumonia mortality. AIM: Our study attempted to investigate this correlation by analyzing information gathered from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2002. METHODS: A total of 7229 participants were involved in the conducted research. We utilized Cox proportional risk model analysis to determine the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for TL and influenza and pneumonia mortality. RESULTS: During the average follow-up time of 204.10 ± 51.26 months, 33 (0.45%) participants died from influenza and pneumonia. After adjusting for multiple variables, shorter TL was associated with higher influenza-pneumonia mortality. In subgroup analyses stratified by sex, men exhibited stronger associations with influenza-pneumonia mortality than women (Model 1: HRmale: 0.014 vs HRfemale: 0.054; Model 2: HRmale: 0.082 vs HRfemale: 0.890; Model 3: HRmale: 0.072 vs HRfemale: 0.776). For subgroup analyses by visceral adiposity index (VAI), all statistically significant (P < 0.05) models displayed an inverse relationship between TL and influenza and pneumonia mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Our research provides further proof for the connection between shorter telomeres and higher influenza-pneumonia mortality. Larger prospective researches are essential to support our results and explain the underlying mechanisms.


Assuntos
Influenza Humana , Pneumonia , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Estudos Prospectivos , Inquéritos Nutricionais , Influenza Humana/genética , Pneumonia/genética , Telômero/genética
4.
New Microbes New Infect ; 52: 101102, 2023 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36815201

RESUMO

Mpox (Monkeypox) is a zoonotic disease caused by mpox virus (MPXV). A multi-country MPXV outbreak in non-endemic demographics was identified in May 2022. A systematic evaluation of MPXV evolutionary trajectory and genetic diversity could be a timely addition to the MPXV diagnostics and prophylaxis. Herein, we integrated a systematic evolution analysis including phylogenomic and phylogeographic, followed by an in-depth analysis of the adaptive evolution and amino acid variations in type I interferon binding protein (IFNα/ßBP). Mutations in IFNα/ßBP protein may impair its binding capacity, affecting the MPXV immune evasion strategy. Based on the equilibrated data, we found an evolutionary rate of 7.75 × 10 - 5 substitutions/site/year, and an earlier original time (2021.25) of the clade IIb. We further discovered significant genetic variations in MPXV genomes from different regions and obtained six plausible spread trajectories from its intricate viral flow network, implying that North America might have acted as a bridge for the spread of MPXV from Africa to other continents. We identified two amino acids under positive selection in the Rifampicin resistance protein and extracellular enveloped virus (EEV) type-I membrane glycoprotein, indicating a role in adaptive evolution. Our research sheds light on the emergence, dispersal, and adaptive evolution of MPXV, providing theoretical support for mitigating and containing its expansion.

5.
Radiother Oncol ; 175: 1-9, 2022 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35817320

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To compare the incidence of xerostomia in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients treated with superficial parotid lobe-sparing intensity-modulated radiation therapy (SPLS-IMRT) and conventional IMRT (C-IMRT). METHODS: Patients with histologically confirmed NPC who met the eligibility criteria were randomly assigned to receive either SPLS-IMRT or C-IMRT. The primary endpoint was the incidence of xerostomia at 12 months post-IMRT. The secondary endpoints included the xerostomia questionnaire (XQ) score, unstimulated salivary flow rate (USFR), stimulated salivary flow rate (SSFR), and survival outcomes. RESULTS: Ninety patients were enrolled. Eighty-two patients were included for xerostomia analysis (42 in the SPLS-IMRT group and 40 in the C-IMRT group). At 12 months post-IMRT, the incidence of xerostomia in the SPLS-IMRT group was significantly lower than that in the C-IMRT group (83.4% vs 95.0%; P = 0.007), especially the grade 3 xerostomia (0% vs 12.5%; P < 0.001). The median change in XQ score was similar between the two groups (11.9 points vs 14.1 points; P = 0.194). There was a significantly higher median fractional USFR (0.67 vs 0.35; P = 0.024) and SSFR (0.66 vs 0.32; P = 0.021) in the SPLS-IMRT group than the C-IMRT group. The 3-year LRRFS, DMFS, and OS in the SPLS-IMRT and C-IMRT groups were 92.5% vs 90.9%, 83.8% vs 81.7%, and 88.9% vs 88.2% (all P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: SPLS-IMRT significantly reduced the incidence of xerostomia at 12 months post-IMRT in NPC by recovering parotid gland function earlier than C-IMRT, without compromising survivals. Phase III clinical trials are warranted. (ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT05020067).


Assuntos
Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas , Radioterapia de Intensidade Modulada , Xerostomia , Humanos , Radioterapia de Intensidade Modulada/efeitos adversos , Glândula Parótida , Carcinoma Nasofaríngeo , Estudos Prospectivos , Xerostomia/epidemiologia , Xerostomia/etiologia , Xerostomia/prevenção & controle , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/radioterapia
6.
IEEE J Biomed Health Inform ; 26(12): 5772-5782, 2022 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35511842

RESUMO

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a serious medical condition of the heart potentially leading to stroke, which can be diagnosed by analyzing electrocardiograms (ECG). Technologies of Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) enable smart abnormality detection by analyzing streaming healthcare data from the sensor end of users. Analyzing streaming data in the cloud leads to challenges of response latency and privacy issues, and local inference by a model deployed on the user end brings difficulties in model update and customization. Therefore, we propose an AIoT Platform with AF recognition neural networks on the sensor edge with model retraining ability on a resource-constrained embedded system. To this aim, we proposed to combine simple but effective neural networks and an ECG feature selection strategy to reduce computing complexity while maintaining recognition performance. Based on the platform, we evaluated and discussed the performance, response time, and requirements for model retraining in the scenario of AF detection from ECG recordings. The proposed lightweight solution was validated with two public datasets and an ECG data stream simulation on an ATmega2560 processor, proving the feasibility of analysis and training on edge.


Assuntos
Fibrilação Atrial , Humanos , Fibrilação Atrial/diagnóstico , Inteligência Artificial , Redes Neurais de Computação , Eletrocardiografia , Simulação por Computador
7.
Cancer Res Treat ; 54(1): 118-129, 2022 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34098625

RESUMO

PURPOSE: This study was aimed to investigate long-term survivals and toxicities of early-stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in endemic area, evaluating the role of chemotherapy in stage II patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Totally 187 patients with newly diagnosed NPC and restaged American Joint Committee on Cancer/International Union Against Cancer 8th T1-2N0-1M0 were retrospectively recruited. All received intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT)±chemotherapy (CT) from 2001 to 2010. RESULTS: With 15.7-year median follow-up, 10-year locoregional recurrence-free survival, distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), disease-specific survival (DSS), and overall survival (OS) were 93.3%, 93.5%, 92.9% and 88.2%, respectively. Multivariable analyses showed cervical lymph nodes positive and pre-treatment prognostic nutritional index ≥ 52.0 could independently predict DMFS (p=0.036 and p=0.011), DSS (p=0.014 and p=0.026), and OS (p=0.002 and p < 0.001); Charlson comorbidity index < 3 points could predict DSS (p=0.011); age > 45 years (p=0.002) and pre-treatment lactate dehydrogenase ≥ 240 U/L (p < 0.001) predicted OS. No grade 4 late toxicity happened; grade 3 late toxicities included subcutaneous fibrosis (4.3%), deafness or otitis (4.8%), skin dystrophy (2.1%), and xerostomia (1.1%). No differences on survivals were shown between IMRT+CT vs. IMRT alone in stage II patients, even in T2N1M0 (p > 0.05). Unsurprising, patients in IMRT+CT had more acute gastrointestinal reaction, myelosuppression, mucositis, late ear toxicity, and cranial nerve injury (all p < 0.05) than IMRT alone group. CONCLUSION: Superior tumor control and satisfying long-term outcomes could be achieved with IMRT in early-stage NPC with mild late toxicities. As CT would bring more toxicities, it should be carefully performed to stage II patients.


Assuntos
Carcinoma Nasofaríngeo/radioterapia , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/radioterapia , Radioterapia de Intensidade Modulada/métodos , Adulto , Idoso , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Carcinoma Nasofaríngeo/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/tratamento farmacológico , Intervalo Livre de Progressão , Radioterapia de Intensidade Modulada/efeitos adversos , Estudos Retrospectivos
8.
Clin Exp Rheumatol ; 34(3 Suppl 97): S115-20, 2016.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26841801

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: The kidneys are frequently involved in antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA) associated small-vessel vasculitis (AASVV). The pathological hallmark of ANCA-associated glomerulonephritis (AAGN) is a pauci-immune necrotising crescentic glomerulonephritis. The histopathology of AAGN may change during the course of the disease as a consequence of immunosuppressive therapy. Herein, we report the pathological evolution of a case of AAGN. METHODS: We report a female presented with renal-limited AASVV, hypocomplementemia and nephrotic syndrome. The first renal biopsy revealed "crescentic" changes at presentation, but after treatment with immunosuppressive treatment, a second renal biopsy four years later showed "mixed" changes of AAGN and immune complex deposition mimicking a mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis. A literature review was undertaken in order to understand these transformations and factors which determine the pathological transitions. RESULTS: AAGN is commonly described as a pauci-immune necrotising crescentic glomerulonephritis, but immune complex depositions have been frequently identified under electronic microscopy and is associated with greater levels of proteinuria. Acute lesions such as fibrinoid necrosis or glomerular crescent may completely disappear or reduce significantly after immunosuppressive therapy, but chronic changes may increase over time. CONCLUSIONS: Based on our review and the illustration of this case, the initial histopathology of an AAGN and its active fibrinoid necrosis and cellular glomerular crescent may disappear or resolve after immunosuppressive therapy with resulting non-distinctive feature. Understanding the transition may facilitate the clinical diagnosis and provide further insight into this disease.


Assuntos
Vasculite Associada a Anticorpo Anticitoplasma de Neutrófilos/tratamento farmacológico , Imunossupressores/uso terapêutico , Rim/patologia , Adulto , Vasculite Associada a Anticorpo Anticitoplasma de Neutrófilos/patologia , Biópsia , Feminino , Glomerulonefrite/patologia , Humanos
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