Deep learning-driven hybrid model for short-term load forecasting and smart grid information management.

Accurate power load forecasting is crucial for the sustainable operation of smart grids. However, the complexity and uncertainty of load, along with the large-scale and high-dimensional energy information, present challenges in handling intricate dynamic features and long-term dependencies. This paper proposes a computational approach to address these challenges in short-term power load forecasting and energy information management, with the goal of accurately predicting future load demand. The study introduces a hybrid method that combines multiple deep learning models, the Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) is employed to capture long-term dependencies in time series data, while the Temporal Convolutional Network (TCN) efficiently learns patterns and features in load data. Additionally, the attention mechanism is incorporated to automatically focus on the input components most relevant to the load prediction task, further enhancing model performance. According to the experimental evaluation conducted on four public datasets, including GEFCom2014, the proposed algorithm outperforms the baseline models on various metrics such as prediction accuracy, efficiency, and stability. Notably, on the GEFCom2014 dataset, FLOP is reduced by over 48.8%, inference time is shortened by more than 46.7%, and MAPE is improved by 39%. The proposed method significantly enhances the reliability, stability, and cost-effectiveness of smart grids, which facilitates risk assessment optimization and operational planning under the context of information management for smart grid systems.

Embodied Carbon in China's Export Trade: A Multi Region Input-Output Analysis.

With the rapid growth of China's export trade and increasing pressure of domestic carbon emission reduction, the issue of carbon embodied in export trade has attracted increasing attention from academic circles. This paper has constructed a calculation model for embodied carbon in China's export trade by using the multi-region input-output model and the international input-output data from the World Input-Output Database (WIOD) database in order to calculate the amount of embodied carbon. Our objective is to analyze the main source industry and specific sectors of embodied carbon in China's export trade, and to provide a quantitative basis for emission reduction under the "carbon neutrality" strategy. The findings reveal that the embodied carbon in China's export trade mainly comes from the secondary industry, which accounts for more than 90% of the total embodied carbon in export trade, while the proportions of embodied carbon in the primary industry and the tertiary industry are relatively low, about 1% and 5-7%, respectively. In terms of specific sectors, the crop and animal production and hunting sectors have the largest share (over 60%) of embodied carbon in the export trade of the primary industry; in the export trade of the secondary industry, the main sources of embodied carbon are the manufacturing sector and the power, gas, steam and air-conditioning supply sectors, respectively accounting for around 50% and 45% of the total embodied carbon in the export trade of the secondary industry; as for the tertiary industry, the transport and storage sectors have the largest share of embodied carbon in the export trade, which is around 70%. Based on the above research results, this paper has provided relevant policy recommendations, which are optimizing the export structure, improving the energy consumption structure and the carbon emissions trading system.

Inhibition of osteoclastogenesis for periprosthetic osteolysis therapy through the suppression of p38 signaling by fraxetin.

Periprosthetic osteolysis belongs to osteolytic diseases, which often occur due to an imbalance between osteoclast and osteoblast number or activity. Fraxetin, a natural plant extract, inhibits osteoblast apoptosis and has therapeutic potential for treating osteolytic diseases. However, data pertaining to the effects of fraxetin on osteoclasts are limited. In the present study, it was demonstrated that the inhibition of osteoclastogenesis by fraxetin had an important role on the therapy of titanium particle­induced osteolysis in vivo. In addition, fraxetin was demonstrated to suppress receptor activator of nuclear factor­κB ligand (RANKL)­mediated osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption in vitro in a dose­dependent manner. Fraxetin inhibited osteoclast differentiation and function through the suppression of p38 signaling and subsequently, the suppression of osteoclast­specific gene expression, including tartrate­resistant acid phosphatase, nuclear factor of activated T­cells, cytoplasmic 1, and cathepsin K. In conclusion, fraxetin administration may have potential as a treatment method for periprosthetic osteolysis and other osteolytic diseases.

Evidence for the contribution of BDNF-TrkB signal strength in neurogenesis: An organotypic study.

The importance of neurotrophins, especially brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the regulation of mammalian neurogenesis has been extensively studied. However, the exact effects of BDNF on cell proliferation and neurogenesis remain controversial. Here we tried to use an organotypic hippocampal slice culture (OHSC) to precisely control the concentration of BDNF and investigate their effects on neuro- and gliogenesis in vitro. With chronic supplementation of various concentration of the recombinant BDNF in culture medium, the number of newly born neurons was highly increased in a concentration dependent manner, while the number of glial cells remained unchanged. Blocking TrkB-BDNF signal pathway led to inhibition of neurogenesis. Time series analysis of BDNF and TrkB expression revealed relative low levels of BDNF and TrkB expression during early culture period, which might account for the results that early BDNF supplementation was more effective in the promotion of neurogenesis than late supplementation. These observations suggested that appropriate development-related modulation of BDNF-TrkB signal strength might impact on the initiation and maintenance of neurogenesis.

Effects of the 1, 4-dihydropyridine L-type calcium channel blocker benidipine on bone marrow stromal cells.

Osteoporosis (OP) often increases the risk of bone fracture and other complications and is a major clinical problem. Previous studies have found that high blood pressure is associated with bone formation abnormalities, resulting in increased calcium loss. We have investigated the effect of the antihypertensive drug benidipine on bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) differentiation into osteoblasts and bone formation under osteoporotic conditions. We used a combination of in vitro and in vivo approaches to test the hypothesis that benidipine promotes murine BMSC differentiation into osteoblasts. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin (OCN), runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), ß-catenin, and low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (LRP5) protein expression was evaluated in primary femoral BMSCs from C57/BL6 mice cultured under osteogenic conditions for 2 weeks to examine the effects of benidipine. An ovariectomized (OVX) mouse model was used to investigate the effect of benidipine treatment for 3 months in vivo. We found that ALP, OCN, and RUNX2 expression was up-regulated and WNT/ß-catenin signaling was enhanced in vitro and in vivo. In OVX mice that were intragastrically administered benidipine, bone parameters (trabecular thickness, bone mineral density, and trabecular number) in the distal femoral metaphysis were significantly increased compared with control OVX mice. Consistently, benidipine promoted BMSC differentiation into osteoblasts and protected against bone loss in OVX mice. Therefore, benidipine might be a suitable candidate for the treatment of patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis and hypertension.

BMP7 can promote osteogenic differentiation of human periosteal cells in vitro.

To study and evaluate BMP7s functions in osteogenic differentiation of human periosteal cells in vitro. Human periosteal cells from adult tibia were collected and cultured as experimental samples. BMP7 was used to induce periosteal cells in the experiment group with common osteogenic medium. The proliferative activity of periosteal cells was detected by CCK-8. The potentials of osteogenic differentiation were demonstrated as follows: (1) realtime-PCR and ELISA to confirm the expression of the OC, ALP and OPN, (2) Colorimetry, ALP staining and Von Kossa staining were performed to identify ALP activity, ALP expression and calcium nodules, respectively. Based on the significant different expression of OC, ALP and OPN, BMP7 ability of osteogenic differentiation can be identified. ALP activity detection, calcium nodules staining and toluidine staining also provide the power evidence to support BMP7 can promote osteogenic differentiation of human periosteal cells in vitro. To human periosteal cells, BMP7 is a good inducer for osteogenic differentiation. Therefore, it's maybe a potential tool for clinical application.

Humidity effect on the decay of second-order nonlinearity in thermally poled fused silica.

Type I (GE124) and Type II (KV) fused silica were thermally poled in a vacuum and in air under identical poling conditions. Second-order nonlinear (SON) strength and nonlinear depth were found all to be the same. Samples were then stored in high and low humidity to study their SON stability. The SON of poled GE124 was stable over time despite different poling atmospheres and humidity in storage. The SON of both the air-poled and vacuum-poled KV samples decayed over time in both low and high humidity, with the exception that the air-poled KV sample stored in low humidity remained stable. High humidity accelerated the decay process of the KV samples. A porous surface model was used to interpret the decay mechanism. The decay curves implied multiple carriers or a multiple-porosity model for the decay mechanism.