[Efficacy of pathogenetic therapy in patients with acute gastrointestinal infections using succinic acid derivatives (reamberin)].

Comparative study of efficacy of the official therapy of acute gastro-intestinal infections (65 patients) and a complex therapy using a succinic acid derivative reamberin (71 patients) has been carried out. It is established that the introduction of reamberin into infusion therapy in patients with acute gastro-intestinal infections leads to a faster reduction of basic symptoms of intoxication and gastroenteritis, normalization of leukocyte intoxication index, and correction of basic indices of thrombocytes aggregation. These results allow reamberin 1.5% infusion to be recommended for the treatment of patients with acute gastro-intestinal infections.

[Current principles in the chemoprophylaxis of acute respiratory viral infections].

AIM: To evaluate the preventive efficacy of the Russian antiviral drug ingavirin (vitaglutam) in the epidemiological foci with the peak incidence of acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Four hundred men and women aged 18 to 65 years from the epidemic foci of ARVI who had been in close daily contact with the patients whose diagnosis was verified by laboratory tests were examined. Two hundred persons received prophylaxis with ingavirin (a 90-mg oral capsule once daily for 7 days) and 200 took placebo according to the same scheme. The efficiency index and coefficient were calculated and the relative risk of the disease was estimated to evaluate the efficiency of ARVI prevention. A pharmacoeconomic analysis was made. RESULTS: There is evidence that the administration of 90-mg ingavirin capsules (OAO "Valenta Farm", Russia) caused a reduction in morbidity rates among those who had been in contact by 63% and in the risk of ARVI by 2.7 times. There was a reduction in the duration of fever by one day and a milder course of respiratory disease in the ingavirin-treated contact persons who developed ARVI. CONCLUSION: Ingavirin meets all requirements for current drugs for the nonspecific prevention of ARVI at the peak of its incidence. It has a pronounced protective effect and broad-spectrum activity, low toxicity and high safety, which allows it to be recommended for the emergency intrafocal prevention at the peak of the incidence of influenza and ARVI in adults.

[Results and prospects of interferone inducers using in infectious diseases treatment].

There is represented the current classification of interferon inducers of various chemical groups related to antiviral agents, described the mechanisms of synthesis of different types of endogenous interferon in blood serum. The effectiveness of methylglucamine acridonacetates in integrated treatment of chronic hepatitis C, tuberculosis with HIV infection background, chronic brucellosis, arboviral diseases, including West Nile fever, as well as influenza and acute respiratory infections are shown. For successful treatment of acute and chronic diseases with endogenous interferon inducers should be applied as early as possible, at an average level of viremia , to enhance the effect of drugs with the directed etiotropic action and immunomodulators, which achieves the optimal pharmacotherapeutic effect.

[Immunotropic agents in therapy of chronic degenerative diseases of the vulva].

The prospective randomized study involved 60 patients with chronic dystrophic diseases of the vulva. The clinical efficacy of cycloferon in the complex treatment of the patients and its influence on the psychological and functional state and the dynamics of the life quality were investigation.

[Characteristics of acute intestinal infection process and evaluation of pathogenetic therapy efficacy].

Characteristics of the clinical process of acute intestinal infection were studied. The main infection was salmonellosis. The intoxication syndrome was defined and its dynamics was estimated by the intoxication leukocytic index. The severity and intoxication syndrome level were characterized by the integral value or the level of the mean mass molecules. The infusion validity as pathogenetic treatment providing detoxication and normal hemostasis was shown. The favourable outcomes were observed to depend on the dynamics of the main clinical symptoms and the intoxication leukocytic index.

[Effectiveness of cycloferon in complex treatment of brucellosis patients with lesions of the scrotum].

The article presents the results of urological examination (spermograms and data of ultrasound examination) of 22 patients with chronic brucellosis and diseases of the scrotum (6 patients with orchitis, 16 with orchiepididymitis) before and after conventional therapy (10 patients) and combined treatment with the inclusion of cycloferon (2 courses of 5 intramuscular injection [0.25 g] with an interval of 10 days)--12 patients. It is shown that the administration of cycloferon leads to more effective relief of intoxication symptoms and inflammation in the testes and appendages (reduction of scrotal wall thickness, size of testes and/or adjuncts, and the incidence and severity of hydrocele), and has a positive effect on spermatogenesis (reduction of semen viscosity, the number of white blood cells in semen, sperm agglutination associated with the formation of sperm antibodies in most patients after treatment), as well as reduces the number of exacerbations of chronic orchitis/orchiepididymitis by 2.4 times.

[The use of cytoflavin for the treatment of chronic brucellosis].

Clinical and pathogenetic efficacy of cytoflavin as a component of combined therapy of chronic brucellosis was tested in 50 patients who repeated its beneficial effect on the quality of life. The mechanism of cytoflavin action consists of lowering severity of endogenous intoxication and systemic inflammation.

[Efficacy of cycloferon in the treatment of brucellosis].

Therapeutic potential of cyclopheron was evaluated as exemplified by the treatment of patients with chronic brucellosis. Positive clinical dynamics during combined treatment including cyclopheron is apparent as reduced duration of intoxication and inflammation, improved quality of life, decreased frequency of exacerbation of the infectious process and development of intercurrent diseases. These effects are shown to be due to immunomodulating activity of cyclopheron and suppression of lipid peroxidation. Also, the drug increases activity of antioxidants, decreases the levels of proinflammatory (and to a lesser degree of anti-inflammatory) cytokines.

[Clinical and laboratory indicators of systemic inflammation and endotoxicosis in the evaluation of the activity of an infectious process].

Patients with chronic brucellosis underwent a complex clinical and laboratory studies to determine the indicators reflecting the degree of systemic inflammation and endotoxicosis. On the basis of an analysis of the findings, an integral quantitative approach was applied to describing the associations between various pathophysiological processes and clinical manifestations; criteria for the activity of the infectious process were objectivized, and the form of chronic brucellosis was defined. The mathematical simulation method was shown to be an adequate tool to objectivized the differential diagnosis of the clinical forms of the disease.

[Development of a competitive immunoassay based on monoclonal antibodies for the detection of specific antibodies to pseudotuberculosis pathogen]. / Razrabotka konkurentnogo immunofermentnogo analiza na osnove monoklonal'nykh antitel dlia vyiavleniia spetsificheskikh antitel k vozbuditeliu psevdotuberkuleza.

A highly sensitive, effective and rapid method--a competitive alternative to ELISA--was developed for the detection of specific antibodies to Y. pseudotuberculosis. It is based on monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) recognizing the species- or serogroup specific epitopes of Y. pseudotuberculosis. The competitive ELISA was used in testing the murine hyperimmune sera and human antisera sampled from patients with different infectious intestinal diseases including several cases of pseudotuberculosis. The use of the MAbs-based ELISA in the laboratory diagnostics of pseudotuberculosis is under discussion.

[Epidemiologic features of occupational brucellosis in Saratov region]. / Epidemiologicheskie osobennosti professional'nogo brutselleza v Saratovskoi oblasti.

Retrospective epidemiologic analysis proved general and occupational morbidity with brucellosis to decrease in Saratov region. This evidence could be due to better episootic situation for the infection. The authors justified necessity of complex measures on acute and chronic brucellosis prevention.