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The pathogenesis of diabetic cystopathy(DCP)is complex and early diagnosis is hindered by a lack of specific and sensitive criteria and more research is needed to establish guidelines for its clinical diagnosis and treatment.Exosomes are membrane vesicles carrying various biological information such as proteins and nucleic acids, which are critical for communication between different tissues and organs.This review discusses the potential role of exosome miRNA in the pathogenesis of DCP and its application in therapy, aiming to provide new insight into the diagnosis and treatment of DCP.
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Gastric cancer highly expressed transcript 1 (GHET1) is first found in gastric cancer and is a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA). GHET1 is located on chromosome 7q36.1, and is highly expressed in many tumors. High expression of GHET1 is closely related to poor prognosis. Studies have found that GHET1 is involved in regulating many physiological and pathological processes of the body through interaction with microRNAs (miRNAs) or proteins, especially in digestive system tumors, and is expected to become a valuable tumor marker and therapeutic target in the future.
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Objective To explore the function and mechanism of estrogen receptor α (ERα) in bladder cancer cell proliferation and aggressivity.Methods The ERα expression bladder cancer cell line T24ERα model was established.The cell growth was detected by MTT assay,apoptosis by flow cytometry,cell invasion by matrigel transwell.Western blot was used to check signals by ERα regulation in bladder cancer cells related to the proliferation and metastatic ability.Results Compared to the control group,the cell inhibition rates of experimental group in 96 h and 144 h were 18.85％ and 37.21％,respectively.The difference was significant compared with the control group (P ＜ 0.05).The apoptosis rates of the experimental group and control group were (18.93 ±1.41)％ and (9.91 ±1.08)％ (P＜0.05).The experimental group through matrix adhesive cell proportion was (10.00 ± 2.00)％,significantly lower than that of the control group (26.00 ± 3.61) ％ (P ＜ 0.05).Western blot showed integrin-β1,p-FAK,p-Src and Scr expression were reduced compared to control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion ERα could inhibit bladder cancer cell growth and metastasis through down-regulating integrin-β1-FAK/Src signal pathway,while promote the apoptosis of bladder cancer cells.
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BACKGROUND: Herterologous antigen has strong immunogenicity and easily induces immunological response. Introduction of herterologous antigen into tumor may induce a serial of immunological reactions in the tumor and may reverse the immunosuppression of tumor microenvironment to treat tumor.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the antitumor efficacy of intratumoral injection of human erythrocyte membrane antigens in micebearing S180 sarcoma.METHODS: Kunming mice bearing S180 sarcoma model were established and treated with 5 g/L human erythrocyte membrane antigens suspension or normal saline for five days. Tumor volume was calculated before the first injection and 3, 7, and 14 days after the first injection. In addition, the tumor cells in combination with human erythrocyte membrane antigens group, the njectionof saline group (the control group), and the injection of human erythrocyte membrane antigens or saline group (pre-immunized by suspension of human erythrocyte of blood group type A). Another 60 mice bearing S180 sarcoma were established and subjected to the above pre-immunization and injection of saline or human erythrocyte membrane antigens. Six mice selected from each group were sacrificed 14 days after the first injection, and tumors were weighed, followed by histological examination. Survival of remainders in each group was observed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Tumor volumes in each group increased gradually. Tumor volumes in the human erythrocyte membrane antigens injection group, the tumor cells in combination with human erythrocyte membrane antigens group, and the human erythrocyte membrane antigens injection group (immunized) were smaller than the control group, Intratumoral injection of human erythrocyte membrane antigens significantly reduced tumor weights. Tumor necrosis, infiltration of inflammatory cells such as lymphocytes were observed in tumor tissues section examination following the intratumoral injection of human erythrocyte membrane antigens. The mouse survival time showed no statistical difference among different groups. Intratumoral injection of heteroloaous ervthrocvte membrane antiaens can inhibit tumor arowth of S180 sarcoma bearina mice.
