Successful return to high-level sports following early surgical repair of combined adductor complex and rectus abdominis avulsion.

Hip and groin injuries are common in athletes who take part in high level sports. Adductor muscle tendon injuries represent a small but important number of these injuries. Avulsion of the tendons attached to the symphysis pubis has previously been described: these can be managed both operatively and non-operatively. We describe an uncommon variant of this injury, namely complete avulsion of the adductor sleeve complex: this includes adductor longus, pectineus and rectus abdominis. We go on to describe a surgical technique which promotes a full return to the pre-injury level of sporting activity. Over a period of ten years, 15 high-level athletes with an MRI-confirmed acute adductor complex avulsion injury (six to 34 days old) underwent surgical repair. The operative procedure consisted of anatomical re-attachment of the avulsed tissues in each case and mesh reinforcement of the posterior inguinal wall in seven patients. All underwent a standardised rehabilitation programme, which was then individualised to be sport-specific. One patient developed a superficial wound infection, which was successfully treated with antibiotics. Of the 15 patients, four complained of transient local numbness which resolved in all cases. All patients (including seven elite athletes) returned to their previous level of participation in sport.

Analysis of a formulation containing lincomycin and spectinomycin by liquid chromatography with pulsed electrochemical detection.

A reversed phase ion-pair liquid chromatographic method using a base deactivated column and pulsed electrochemical detection on a gold electrode is described. It allows the separation of a mixture of spectinomycin sulfate, lincomycin hydrochloride and their related substances. A step gradient was necessary to obtain a good separation together with a reasonable analysis time of 40 min. The mobile phases consisted of an aqueous solution of 3.3 or 0.55 g/l pentanesulfonic acid, 10 mM acetic acid and 20 ml/l tetrahydrofuran. Both mobile phases were adjusted to pH 4.0 with diluted sodium hydroxide. The influence of the different chromatographic parameters on the separation was investigated. Two commercial samples were analyzed using the described method. In total 12 components could be separated.

Stability measurement of oligonucleotides in serum samples using capillary electrophoresis.

An in vitro stability study of unmodified and modified antisense oligonucleotides in human serum was performed with a previously developed capillary electrophoretic method using either micellar solution or entangled polymer solution depending on the oligonucleotide length to be separated. A method has been devised and validated for the extraction of oligonucleotides from serum using anion-exchange centrifugal filter units. The extracted samples were desalted by a drop dialysis method. The serum half-lives and the degradation patterns of unmodified and modified oligonucleotides are compared. The modified oligonucleotide used in this study is protected from exonuclease activity present in human serum by terminal 1,3-propanediol modification.