Anterior crossbite correction in primary and mixed dentition with removable inclined plane (Bruckl appliance).

Anterior crossbite correction in early mixed dentition is highly recommended as this kind of malocclusion do not diminish with age. Uncorrected anterior crossbite may lead to abnormal wear of the lower incisors, dental compensation of mandibular incisors leading to thinning of labial alveolar plate and/or gingival recession. There are several methods for solving this problem. In this article we would like to describe removable inclined plane. This is a removable simple functional appliance on the lower arch (jaw), which works as inclined plane. One of the advantage of the Bruckl appliance is that it can also be used as retention appliance after active treatment as well as it is possible to add acrylic teeth if necessary. Therefore it can be used as a removable partial denture in lower jaw in case where there is a premature loss of the primary teeth. The use of this appliance is illustrated with three cases.

The relationship between the severity of malposition of the frontal teeth and periodontal health in age 15-21 and 35-44.

INTRODUCTION: In the recent past there has been an increase in the number of adults seeking orthodontic treatment therefore special attention to periodontal status of these patients needs more careful evaluation. Periodontal considerations in adult orthodontic treatment are increasingly important as patients become older. The aim of the study was to assess the interrelationship between the severity of malposition of frontal teeth with periodontal health considering to age in Latvian population. METHODS: The data were analyzed from a detailed crossectional study in Latvian population. Selected samples consisted of two age groups: 15-21 (n=323) and 35-44 (n=286) years old. For the assessment of periodontal health CPI scores was analyzed for upper frontal sextant. For assessment of malocclusion 2 components of ICON index were used: upper arch crowding and incisor overbite. The differences in the distribution of ICON index and CPI index between age groups were tested using Pearson chi(2)test. Statistical significance of the differences in the mean values was tested using t-test. Possible interaction between above mentioned indexes was tested by means of analysis of variance. RESULTS: Upper arch crowding and incisor overbite severity increase with age was statistical significant. There was statistically significant interrelation between upper arch crowding degree and incisor overbite and CPI scores severity in the age 15-21 and was not in the age 35-44. However comparing higher degree of the crowding and overbite severity to percent of subjects with bleeding, calculus and periodontal pockets greater percents of measurements were in older group. CONCLUSIONS: 1. Severity of upper arch crowding and overbite statistically significant increased with age with remarkable increasing of periodontal problems. 2. Interrelation between severity of upper arch crowding, incisor overbite and CPI scores was statistically significant in age group 15-21.

The severity of malocclusion and need for orthodontic treatment in correspondence with the age.

Awareness of the age related situation as to the malocclusion prevalence in population and orthodontic treatment need is very important and useful for planning an orthodontic care, especially taking into account the interdisciplinary aspect of the problem. The aim of this study was to investigate the degree of severity of malocclusion and the need of orthodontic treatment in three different age groups of population in Latvia. The study group comprised samples of 12-13-yr-olds (n=46), 18-yr-olds (n=32) and 35-44-yr-olds (n=278). The Index of Complexity, Outcome and Need (ICON) was used for the assessment of the results. In order to provide the accuracy use of ICON, more than 4 missing teeth and prosthetic restorations were chosen as an exclusion factor for the age group 35-44 years. A statistically significant difference was determined between the mean ICON values in 12-13 and 18 year-old age groups. Professionally defined orthodontic treatment need according to ICON score >43 was determined to be higher in the age group 18 year-olds. Overall, the tendency for orthodontic treatment complexity grade was observed to increase with the age.

Orthodontic treatment need in Latvia.

Measuring the prevalence of malocclusion and treatment need in a population is useful for the planning of orthodontic services. In addition, knowledge concerning the attitudes of patients to malocclusion is becoming increasingly important in orthodontics. Without a satisfactory estimate of the need and demand for treatment it is difficult to develop and organize a meaningful service. The aims of this investigation were to estimate the need for orthodontic treatment in 12-13-year-old school children in urban and rural schools in Latvia. Five hundred and four school children aged 12-13 years were examined using the Index of Complexity, Outcome and Need (ICON). The children were invited to complete a questionnaire about treatment need and their appearance. The survey was carried out in four urban and five rural school settings. There were no statistically significant differences in treatment need between rural and urban settings or between boys and girls. However, there was a difference in ICON scores between Riga and Daugavpils, with a greater need for treatment in Daugavpils. Individual responses to questionnaires illustrated a correlation between individuals who expressed dissatisfaction with the arrangement of their teeth and treatment need according to the ICON score. The overall prevalence of individuals needing orthodontic treatment in Latvia was 35.3 per cent, but this figure masked considerable variation between schools. For example, a greater need was found in Daugavpils than in Riga. This difference is not fully explained but could be due to genetics, the individuals in Daugavpils being mainly of Russian origin. The individuals' perception of the arrangement of teeth and the need for treatment correlated significantly with the ICON score.