RESUMO
The status of stressful life events as a risk factor for asthma is unclear and may be dependent on pre-existing allergic rhinitis. This study examined whether exposure to stressful life events predicted the onset of asthma in adults. This is a prospective, population-based cohort study of 16,881 males and females, aged 20-54 yrs and free of diagnosed asthma at the beginning of the follow-up (January 1, 2004). Data about stressful life events were gathered with a postal survey. The onset of asthma was ascertained through national registers until December 31, 2005. During the follow-up period, 192 incident cases of asthma were identified. High total exposure to stressful life events, as indicated by a cumulative severity score, predicted the onset of asthma (hazard ratio 1.96, 95% CI 1.22-3.13). This association was robust to adjustment for demographics, smoking and having a cat/dog at home and it was observed both among those with and without allergic rhinitis at baseline. Of the 10 most stressful life events, the illness of a family member, marital problems, divorce or separation and conflicts with a supervisor were associated with the onset of asthma. Our study suggests that stressful life events may increase the onset of asthma.
Assuntos
Asma/epidemiologia , Asma/psicologia , Estresse Psicológico/epidemiologia , Adulto , Idade de Início , Animais , Asma/etiologia , Gatos , Estudos de Coortes , Cães , Feminino , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Acontecimentos que Mudam a Vida , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Rinite Alérgica Perene/epidemiologia , Fumar/epidemiologia , Estresse Psicológico/complicações , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Resting electrocardiograms were recorded in 412 and postexercise-ECGs in 186 Lapp men and women over the age of 40. Abnormalities in the resting-ECG suggestive of old myocardial infarction by the Minnesota code were found in 7% of the men and in 1% of the women. ST-depression compatible with myocardial ischaemia in the resting-ECG were found in 3% of men aged 40-49 years and in 5% of women of the same age; and increased with age up to 11% and 24% in men and women, respectively, over the age of 60. Postexercise ST-depressions of "ischemic type" were found in 18% of the men and in 13% of the women, but there was no clear age dependence. The frequency of high amplitude R-waves of the left type was high compared with most normal populations, especially in men (29%). These prevalences were very similar to those previously reported in a Finnish population.
