Treatment outcomes on neovascularization after CRAO treated with hyperbaric oxygen.

Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is a condition that causes sudden vision loss due to obstruction of the retinal artery, typically from a thrombotic or embolic source. It is often associated with atherosclerotic risk factors, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and a history of cerebrovascular disease. CRAO often leads to a poor visual outcome as well as neovascularization of the iris, retina, and optic disc, which can exacerbate vision loss and cause pain. While there are several treatment modalities for CRAO, few have been proven to be effective in decreasing the effects of neovascularization. The use of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) therapy is often used in the treatment of CRAO due to its ease of use and relatively benign side effect profile. This study aims to assess the degree of improvement in visual acuity (VA) and neovascularization following HBO2. Our data ultimately shows that 20% of patients developed neovascularization after HBO2 compared to 29.8% of those who did not undergo HBO2 (p<.05). Our findings suggest that HBO2 has a statistically significant protective effect against neovascularization and may improve long-term visual acuity.

Ophthalmic Manifestations of Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome.

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a condition of neurotoxicity that presents with a sudden onset of symptoms including headache, altered mental status, seizures, and visual disturbances. Monitoring visual symptoms in PRES is critical as visual deficits are found in nearly 40% of patients.  This paper aims to identify the visual symptoms associated with PRES and determine visual outcomes following treatment.  While the symptoms of PRES are alarming, the disease is typically reversible once the cause is eliminated.  Our findings suggest that those who present with ocular complaints can be reassured that their symptoms will improve, if not completely resolve.