Orofacial antinociceptive effect and antioxidant properties of the hydroethanol extract of Hyptis fruticosa salmz ex Benth.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Hyptis fruticosa is a plant native to Brazil with antinociceptive and antiinflamatory properties. This study evaluated the antinociceptive activity of the hydroethanol extract of the plant leaves (CHEE) against orofacial pain as well as its in vitro effect against lipid peroxidation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The antinociceptive activity was investigated in mice orally treated with different doses of the CHEE (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) and morphine (5 mg/kg) using formalin, glutamate, and capsaicin orofacial pain models using. Lipoperoxidation was induced in egg yolk by AAPH and FeSO4 in the absence and presence of the CHEE (5, 50, 100, and 150 µg/mL). RESULTS: CHEE (200 mg/kg) significantly reduced (ρ<0.001) the pain response in the first (69.6%) and second (81.8%) phases of the formalin test, while the nociception caused by capsaicin was significantly (ρ<0.001) reduced by up to 62% at 200 mg/kg of extract. When glutamate was used as algogen, a significant (ρ<0.001) nociception reduction of up to 85% at 200 mg/kg extract was observed. CHEE showed a higher protection against lipoperoxidation caused by FeSO4 (82.3% TBARS inhibition) than AAPH (35.7% TBARS inhibition) at 150 µg/mL. CONCLUSION: Hyptis fruticosa leaf CHEE is of pharmacological interest because it was able to inhibit the peripheral and central transmission of orofacial pain, while reducing the spreading of the inflammatory processes by neutralizing reactive oxygen species, which are by-products in the biosynthesis of pain mediators.

Therapeutic benefits of Sideroxylon obtusifolium (Humb. ex Roem. & Schult.) T.D. Penn., Sapotaceae, in experimental models of pain and inflammation / Benefícios terapêuticos da Sideroxylon obtusifolium (Humb. ex Roem. & Schult.) T.D. Penn., Sapotaceae, em modelos experimentais de dor e inflamação

Sideroxylon obtusifolium (Humb. ex Roem. & Schult.) T.D. Penn., Sapotaceae, is a plant with analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities used in folk medicine. In order to evaluate the actions of this plant, studies were performed on antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities with the ethanol extract (EE) of inner bark (100-400 mg/kg). Oral treatment with the EE elicited inhibitory activity (200 and 400 mg/kg, p<0.01) on acetic acid effect and reduced (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, p<0.001) the formalin effect at the second-phase, however it did not elicit any inhibitory effect on hot-plate test. Carrageenan-induced oedema formation and leukocyte migration into the peritoneal cavity were reduced with the EE at 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg (p<0.001). In conclusion, the EE of Sideroxylon obtusifolium shows antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities, supporting the folkloric usage of the plant to treat pain and various inflammatory diseases.

A Sideroxylon obtusifolium (Humb. ex Roem. & Schult.) T.D. Penn., Sapotaceae, é utilizada na medicina popular em processos dolorosos e inflamatórios. Para avaliar as atividades analgésica e anti-inflamatória desta planta, estudos foram realizados com o extrato etanólico (EE) da entrecasca (100-400 mg/kg). O tratamento oral único dos animais com o EE inibiu (200 e 400 mg/kg, p<0,01) o efeito do ácido acético e reduziu (100, 200 e 400 mg/kg, p<0,001) o efeito da formalina na segunda fase; entretanto, não apresentou efeito no teste da placa quente. A formação de edema e a migração de leucócitos para a cavidade peritoneal induzidas pela carragenina foram reduzidas pelo tratamento com o EE (100, 200 e 400 mg/kg, p<0,001). Desta forma conclui-se que o EE da Sideroxylon obtusifolium apresenta atividades antinociceptiva e anti-inflamatória, suportando seu uso popular no tratamento da dor e de doenças inflamatórias.