Impact of hypomineralised second primary molar on preschoolers' oral health-related quality of life-A hierarchical approach.

BACKGROUND: Hypomineralised second primary molar (HSPM) is a developmental enamel defect associated with dental caries. AIM: To evaluate the impact of HSPM on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in preschoolers through hierarchical analysis. DESIGN: This population-based cross-sectional study assessed 834 5-year-old preschoolers, in Teresina, Piauí, Brazil, using sociodemographic questionnaires and Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS). Dental examination was performed by two calibrated examiners (κ ≥ 0.80) for the diagnosis of HSPM (EAPD), dental caries (dmft and pufa indices), and malocclusion (Foster and Hamilton criteria). Analysis of the determinants of OHRQoL was stratified at three levels (P < .05). RESULTS: Severe HSPM was associated with OHRQoL in bivariate analysis (P < .05). In adjusted final multivariate analysis (model 1), the presence of dental caries with or without clinical consequences was associated with worse OHRQoL (P < .05). In model 2, after the removal of dental caries, preschoolers with severe HSPM had greater probability of having a negative impact on OHRQoL in the child impact section (RR = 2.14; 95% CI = 1.26-3.65), family impact section (RR = 1.99; 95% CI = 1.16-3.42), and total score (RR = 2.09; 95% CI = 1.25-3.49) of the ECOHIS. CONCLUSION: Severe HSPM had a negative impact on the OHRQoL of preschoolers and their families, but the presence of dental caries neutralised this impact.

Consumption of Acidic Beverages is a Predisposing Factor for Erosive Tooth Wear in Preschool Children: A Population-based Study.

Purpose: In a cross-sectional population-based study of 888 5-year-old preschoolers from Teresina, Brazil, to determine the prevalence and factors associated with erosive tooth wear (ETW).
Materials and Methods: In a questionnaire, parents provided information on sociodemographic factors, their children's eating/drinking habits, and oral health. Dental examination was performed at the schools by two calibrated examiners for the diagnosis of ETW, following the criteria of the modified O'Brien Index.
Results: The prevalence of ETW was 3.3%. The maxillary incisors were the most highly affected teeth, followed by the mandibular and maxillary molars. The majority of the lesions reached only the enamel (72.1%) and up to 1/3 of the dental surface (63.1%). The occlusal surface was the most affected (47.8%). Preschoolers who had an acidic food-consumption profile had a 2.74 times (95% CI = 1.03-7.30) higher chance of having ETW than children without this profile.
Conclusion: The prevalence of erosive tooth wear on the deciduous teeth was low and associated with the consumption of acidic beverages.

Pre-term birth and asthma is associated with hypomineralized second primary molars in pre-schoolers: A population-based study.

BACKGROUND: Hypomineralized second primary molar (HSPM) is a developmental enamel defect that represents a caries-risk factor. There are few studies about HSPM epidemiology in representative populations. AIM: To determine the prevalence and factors associated with HSPM in pre-schoolers. DESIGN: This is a cross-sectional population-based study of 5-year-old pre-schoolers from Teresina, Brazil. The sample was randomly selected and stratified by geographic region of the city, type of school (public and private), and sex of the pre-schoolers (n = 811). Sociodemographic status and pre-, peri-, and post-natal conditions were collected by structured questionnaires. Two calibrated examiners diagnosed HSPM using the criteria of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry for molar-incisor hypomineralization. Severity, colour, location, and extent of lesions were also evaluated. Descriptive analysis of the data and a Poisson regression analysis were performed (P < .05). RESULTS: The prevalence of HSPM was 14.9. Demarcated opacities (75.6%) and white/cream colour were the most prevalent (71.4%). Pre-term pre-schoolers had 66% (PR = 1.66, 95% CI = 1.07-2.58), and those who reported asthma in the first year of life had 69% (PR = 1.69, 95% CI = 1.01-2.85) higher prevalence of HSPM. CONCLUSIONS: Pre-term birth and reported asthma in the first year of life were associated with HSPM. The prevalence of HSPM in pre-schoolers aged 5 years old in Teresina was high.