Similarities and differences of emotions in human-machine and human-human interactions: what kind of emotions are relevant for future companion systems?

Cognitive-technical intelligence is envisioned to be constantly available and capable of adapting to the user's emotions. However, the question is: what specific emotions should be reliably recognised by intelligent systems? Hence, in this study, we have attempted to identify similarities and differences of emotions between human-human (HHI) and human-machine interactions (HMI). We focused on what emotions in the experienced scenarios of HMI are retroactively reflected as compared with HHI. The sample consisted of N = 145 participants, who were divided into two groups. Positive and negative scenario descriptions of HMI and HHI were given by the first and second groups, respectively. Subsequently, the participants evaluated their respective scenarios with the help of 94 adjectives relating to emotions. The correlations between the occurrences of emotions in the HMI versus HHI were very high. The results do not support the statement that only a few emotions in HMI are relevant.

[Mortui vivos docent?--experienced burdens of medical students in the gross anatomy course]. / Mortui vivos docent?--Subjektives Belastungserleben von Studierenden im Kursus Makroskopische Anatomie.

The dissection course (here abbreviated: PK) is still an obligatory part of medical schools in Germany. In this study we investigated the experiences and burdens of medical students in gross anatomy, especially "distancing from the human body".This study was carried out three times with the self-composed questionnaire BF-PK: before, while and after PK. In total 371 students participated in the PK. 297 students participated at measurement 1. In advance 25-30% of the medical students reported anxiety and emotional inhibition, during the course only 7-10%. The coping strategy "distancing from the human body" was prominent. Anxiety, emotional inhibition and disgust remained for 5-10% of the participants.The gross anatomy course causes emotional stress for a considerable amount of medical students. For those students that were not able to overcome the mental stress themselves service offers should be implemented.

Where have they gone? - a discussion on the balancing act of female doctors between work and family.

GOALS: The increasing number of vacant positions for doctors increasingly puts the issue of reconciling work and family into the spotlight in companies, hospitals and universities, as increased expectations of a better work-life balance are seen as one of the reasons for these vacancies. Highly qualified professionals are trained, but not available to the labour market. The aim is to summarise what difficulties doctors who want to have a family and their potential employers must face. METHODS: The following articles show the current state of research and potential starting points for an optimisation of the medical profession from a family-friendly perspective and intend to stimulate debate. RESULTS: Some basic steps towards better work-life balance have already been taken, such as the provision of childcare places and the increasing availability of more flexible working patterns. But it seems that these measures, since they have been implemented neither sufficiently nor universally, do not suffice to secure the next generation of staff. Especially women in leadership positions are still rare to find. CONCLUSIONS: Both male and female doctors want better quality of life by achieving a better work-life balance. The expansion of family-friendly services is seen as a necessary step to allow female doctors to successfully combine work and family.