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Background With the aging of China's population, cognitive impairment in the elderly is receiving increasing public attention. Screening and intervention of people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are of great significance to prevent and reduce the occurrence of cognitive impairment. Objective To understand the prevalence and explore potential influencing factors of MCI in the elderly in Songjiang District, Shanghai, and to provide scientific basis for promoting early screening of cognitive impairment and precise intervention of MCI in the elderly in this area. Methods A cross-sectional study design was adopted. From August to October 2022, using multi-stage random sampling, 1800 elderly residents aged 60 years and above were screened for cognitive impairment in 6 neighborhood/village committees in 6 towns in Songjiang District. The survey questionnaires included a sociodemographic questionnaire, a health status and lifestyle questionnaire, the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL), the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Prevalence rates of MCI among the elderly by selected social demographic characteristics, health status, and lifestyle were estimated, and potential influencing factors of MCI were evaluated by binary logistic regression. Results A total of 209 elderly residents with MCI and 1591 healthy elderly residents were detected, and the prevalence of MCI in the elderly aged 60 and above was 11.6% in Songjiang District. Being physically active (OR=0.556, 95%CI: 0.399, 0.774) reduced the risk of MCI. Illiteracy (OR=1.810, 95%CI: 1.239, 2.644), primary school education level (OR=3.454, 95%CI: 2.342, 5.092), non-participation in social activities (OR=1.945, 95%CI: 1.360, 2.781), IADL damaged (OR=3.173, 95%CI: 2.137, 4.712), and depression (OR=1.957, 95%CI: 1.112, 3.443) increased the risk of MCI (P＜0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of MCI among the elderly in Songjiang District is lower than the national average. Educational level, physical activity, participation in social activities, IADL, and depression may be the influencing factors of MCI in the elderly. It is recommended to carry out early screening, early detection, and early intervention for cognitive impairment in the elderly. Improving involvement in physical exercise and increasing participation in social activities are encouraged. Special attention should be paid to the needs of vulnerable groups such as low education level and disabled elderly during a community MCI intervention program.
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Objective:To study the incidence of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency and the gene carrying status of newborns in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (Guangxi for short), so as to provide theoretical basis for clinical genetic counseling and accurate diagnosis.Methods:A total of 63 606 newborns who underwent G6PD screening in Guangxi Neonatal Disease Screening Center from January 2017 to December 2018 were selected as study subjects; heel blood was collected to prepare dry blood spots. Fluorescence quantitative analysis was used in the preliminary screening, and the newborns with positive preliminary screening were recalled by telephone; further diagnosis was carried out via the G6PD/6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) ratio method and genetic testing, the diagnosis rate of the two methods of newborns with positive preliminary screening were compared and analyzed, and genetic mutation testing was conducted.Results:Among 63 606 newborns who underwent G6PD preliminary screening, 4 267 newborns with G6PD positive were detected, and the positive rate of preliminary screening was 6.7%. Among them, the positive rates of preliminary screening of males and females were 10.3% (3 508/33 988) and 2.6% (759/29 618), respectively. The positive rate of preliminary screening of males was significantly higher than that of females ( P < 0.01). A comparative analysis of 777 newborns (519 males and 258 females) that underwent G6PD/6PGD ratio method and genetic testing at the same time as the recall showed that the diagnosis rate of the two methods for male newborns was the same, both of which were 95.6% (496/519). Among female newborns, 168 and 236 confirmed cases were detected by G6PD/6PGD ratio method and genetic testing, respectively, and the diagnosis rates were 65.1% (168/258) and 91.5% (236/258), respectively. The results of genetic mutation testing showed that the five common genotypes in Guangxi were c.1388 G>A, c.1376 G>T, c.95 A>G, c.871 G>A, and c.1024 C>T, respectively. Conclusions:The positive rate of G6PD preliminary screening of newborns in Guangxi is relatively high. It is recommended that G6PD/6PGD ratio method and genetic testing should be performed at the same time for diagnosis of female newborns with positive preliminary screening to avoid missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis.
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Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of Tuberculosis Infection in T Cell Test(T‐SPOT .TB) for smear negative pulmonary tuberculosis .Methods Separately used T‐SPOT .TB ,TB‐DNA ,TB‐DOT the three diagnostic methods for tuberculosis , separately detected with each method ,112 smear negative pulmonary tuberculosis ,and 60 non tuberculosis regarded as control group .Results The sensitivity of T‐SPOT .TB ,TB‐DNA ,TB‐DOT in proper sequence were 88 .3% ,25 .9% ,58 .9% .Contrasted to TB‐DNA and TB‐DOT ,the differences were statistically significant(X2 =86 .6 ,P<0 .01 ;X2 =23 .3 ,P<0 .01);the specificity of T‐SPOT .TB was 96 .7% ,significantly higher than TB‐DOT (78 .3% ) ,the differences were statistically significant(X2 = 9 .22 ,P<0 .05) .Conclusion T‐SPOT .TB has obvious advantages in sensitivity and specificity for smear negative pulmonary tuberculosis .It can be one auxiliary tool for smear negative pulmonary tuberculosis early diagnosis ,provided with the value of fast and accurate .
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sweet potato. Conclusion The content of arsenic (Ⅲ) in the edible part of plants was one of the important factors for selecting the plants that are suitable for growing the arsenic polluted area.
