Successful conservative treatment of microinvasive cervical cancer during pregnancy.

Cervical cancer complicated by pregnancy is a rare event. While counseling patients with cervical cancer during pregnancy, many factors must be considered, including the patient's desire to continue the pregnancy, the stage of the disease, and the gestational age at diagnosis. Pregnant women with microinvasive cervical cancer should be fully informed of all possible treatment options and consequences. Herein, we report the case of a woman who was diagnosed with microinvasive cervical cancer during pregnancy at 10 weeks of gestation. After a combination treatment of cervical conization, cervical cerclage, and cesarean section, she delivered a healthy baby and at 7 months postpartum there was no indication of malignancy.

Severe 2009 H1N1 infection in early pregnancy.

OBJECTIVE: Because pregnancy suppresses the immune system, women at any stage of pregnancy are more susceptible to bacterial and viral infection. Pregnant women might thus be at increased risk of complications from pandemic H1N1 virus infection, and illness may progress rapidly. CASE REPORT: A 23-year-old primigravida at 9 weeks' gestation was presented to our institution because of the sudden onset of sore throat, fever, chills, and vomiting for 5 days. She was diagnosed with early pregnancy H1N1 infection, vulvar herpes infection, and impending intravascular disseminated coagulopathy. Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) 75 mg and valacyclovir 500 mg were then administered orally twice daily for 5 days. The patient's fever, chills, and vomiting subsided 2 days later. The real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis of nasal discharge for influenza virus types A and B showed positive results for the A/H1N1 influenza virus. The early pregnancy was terminated by therapeutic curettage at the patient's request. The surgical specimen revealed products of conception with the presence of necrotic chorionic villi, and focal lymphocytes in decidual tissue. RT-PCR analysis of gestational tissue for A/H1N1 was negative. CONCLUSION: Pregnant women with H1N1 infection seem to benefit from antiviral therapy.

Switching bilateral filter with a texture/noise detector for universal noise removal.

In this paper, we propose a switching bilateral filter (SBF) with a texture and noise detector for universal noise removal. Operation was carried out in two stages: detection followed by filtering. For detection, we propose the sorted quadrant median vector (SQMV) scheme, which includes important features such as edge or texture information. This information is utilized to allocate a reference median from SQMV, which is in turn compared with a current pixel to classify it as impulse noise, Gaussian noise, or noise-free. The SBF removes both Gaussian and impulse noise without adding another weighting function. The range filter inside the bilateral filter switches between the Gaussian and impulse modes depending upon the noise classification result. Simulation results show that our noise detector has a high noise detection rate as well as a high classification rate for salt-and-pepper, uniform impulse noise and mixed impulse noise. Unlike most other impulse noise filters, the proposed SBF achieves high peak signal-to-noise ratio and great image quality by efficiently removing both types of mixed noise, salt-and-pepper with uniform noise and salt-and-pepper with Gaussian noise. In addition, the computational complexity of SBF is significantly less than that of other mixed noise filters.