[Comparative Evaluation of the Value of Quantitative Parameters of Dual-energy CT and MRI for KRAS Mutation in Rectal Cancer].

Objective To evaluate and compare the value of quantitative parameters of preoperative dual-energy CT and MRI on KRAS mutation in rectal cancer,and to explore the correlations between postoperative pathological indicators and KRAS mutation. Methods This study retrospectively analyzed 50 patients with rectal cancer confirmed by surgery and pathology and receiving KRAS genetic testing in Lanzhou University Second Hospital from August 2017 to April 2021.According to the results of genetic testing,the patients were assigned into a wild-type group (29 patients) and a mutant type group (21 patients).The preoperative baseline data included sex,age,and serum tumor markers,and the postoperative pathological data included pathological stage,lymphovascular invasion,perineural invasion,and lymph node metastasis.The quantitative parameters of three-phase energy spectral CT included iodine (water) concentration,water (iodine) concentration,effective atomic number,and normalized iodine concentration.The quantitative parameters of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) included minimum ADC,average ADC,and relative ADC.In addition,the width of the superior rectal vein was obtained from the CT images of the venous phase,and the tumor segmentation,the maximum axial length of tumor,and the maximum longitudinal length of tumor were obtained from the MRI images.The qualitative and quantitative data were compared by χ2 test,t-test,and Mann-Whitney U test.The diagnostic efficacy of the two detection methods for KRAS mutations in rectal cancer was compared,and the receiver operating characteristic curve was employed to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy. Results The KRAS mutation rate was higher in the carbohydrate antigen 199 abnormal group than the normal group (P=0.036) and higher in the positive group of lymphovascular invasion (P=0.034).The KRAS mutant type group had higher normalized iodine concentration in the venous phase (P=0.016) and lower average ADC and relative ADC (P=0.008, P=0.002,respectively) than the wild-type group.Among them,relative ADC had the highest diagnostic efficiency (AUC=0.755). Conclusion The quantitative parameters of dual-energy CT and ADC have similar diagnostic efficiency for KRAS mutation in rectal cancer,and relative ADC is superior to other parameters.

Fabrication of Low-Cost and Ecofriendly Porous Biocarbon Using Konjaku Flour as the Raw Material for High-Performance Supercapacitor Application.

Low-cost and ecofriendly porous biocarbons were fabricated from konjaku flour via precarbonization and potassium hydroxide (KOH) activation. The obtained biocarbon ACK-5 derived from a precarbonized carbon/potassium hydroxide (KOH) mass ratio of 1:5 possessed an ultrahigh specific surface area of 1403 m2 g-1 and hierarchical porous structures with the existence of micro- to macropores. When ACK-5 was employed as a supercapacitor electrode in 6 M KOH, it showed a high specific capacitance of 216 F g-1 and excellent cycling stability with capacitance retention remaining 93.7% after 5000 cycles. Moreover, the ACK-5 sample acquired a supramaximal specific capacitance of 609 F g-1, and the high energy density of ACK-5//ACK-5 symmetrical cells reached up to 9.2 Wh kg-1 when p-phenylenediamine serving as a redox electrolyte was added into KOH electrolyte. The reported simple fabrication strategy would leverage a green biomass precursor for the preparation of supercapacitors.