Astrocytic GDNF ameliorates anesthesia and surgery-induced cognitive impairment by promoting hippocampal synaptic plasticity in aged mice.

BACKGROUND: Perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PND) are common complications after surgery in older patients. However, the specific mechanism of this condition remains unclear. Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is an important neurotrophin that abundantly expressed throughout the brain. It can enhance synaptic plasticity and alleviate learning and memory impairments. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the role of GDNF in PND and the mechanisms involved. METHODS: The PND animal model was established by performing left tibial fracture surgery on 18-month-old C57BL/6 mice under sevoflurane anesthesia. Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV)-GDNF or empty vectors were injected bilaterally into the hippocampal CA1 region of aged mice 3 weeks before anesthesia/surgery. The open field and fear conditioning test were used to assess the behavior changes. Golgi staining and electrophysiology were utilized to evaluate the morphological and functional alterations of neuronal synaptic plasticity. Western blot analysis was carried out to measure the proteins expression levels and immunofluorescence staining was performed to probe the cellular localization of GDNF. RESULTS: Mice with surgery and anesthesia showed a significant decrease in hippocampus-dependent learning and memory, accompanied by a decline in hippocampal synaptic plasticity. Anesthesia/surgery induced a reduction of GDNF, which was colocalized with astrocytes. Overexpression of GDNF in astrocytes could ameliorate the decline in cognitive function by improving hippocampal synaptic plasticity, meanwhile astrocytic GDNF rescued the anesthesia/surgery-induced decrease in GFRα1 and NCAM. CONCLUSION: The study concludes that astrocytic GDNF may improve anesthesia/surgery-induced cognitive impairment by promoting hippocampal synaptic plasticity in aged mice via the GFRα1/NCAM pathway.

Discovery of a Macrocyclic Influenza Cap-Dependent Endonuclease Inhibitor.

Influenza viruses (IFVs) have caused several pandemics and have claimed numerous lives since their first record in the early 20th century. While the outbreak of COVID-19 seemed to expel influenza from the sight of people for a short period of time, it is not surprising that it will recirculate around the globe after the coronavirus has mutated into a less fatal variant. Baloxavir marboxil (1), the prodrug of baloxavir (2) and a cap-dependent endonuclease (CEN) inhibitor, were approved by the FDA for the first treatment in almost 20 years. Despite their high antiviral potency, drug-resistant variants have been observed in clinical trials. Herein, we report a novel CEN inhibitor 8 with a delicately designed macrocyclic scaffold that exhibits a significantly smaller shift of inhibitory activity toward baloxavir-resistant variants.

Effects of Electrical Impedance Tomography-Guided Positive End-Expiratory Pressure on Postoperative Cardiopulmonary Exercise Capacity in Elderly Patients: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND Mechanical ventilation can lead to cardiopulmonary complications in elderly patients undergoing abdominal surgery plus general anesthesia. The cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) is a dynamic and noninvasive evaluation method for assessing the cardiopulmonary system function under rest and stress. Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) titration guided by electrical impedance tomography (EIT) can individualize lung protection strategies and may be beneficial in postoperative cardiopulmonary exercise capacity for these patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS This study is a prospective, single-center, randomized, and controlled trail that will include 80 elderly patients scheduled for major abdominal surgery. The patients will be divided into 2 groups: (1) intervention group: using individualized PEEP ventilation; and (2) control group: using fixed PEEP ventilation (3-5 cmH2O). RESULTS The primary outcome is the change of postoperative cardiopulmonary exercise capacity. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we will evaluate if EIT-guided PEEP titration can improve postoperative cardiopulmonary exercise capacity and reduce postoperative complications in elderly patients undergoing open abdominal surgery plus general anesthesia. If the result is in accordance with the hypothesis, it would provide evidence to aid the perioperative management for these patients.

Am I motivated to share knowledge for better innovative performance? An approach and avoidance framework.

Past research has long emphasized the critical roles of approach and avoidance motivation orientations in people's creative and innovative performance. However, it has generated mixed results and suggested the possibility of multiple pathways and mechanisms to explain these relationships. In this article, we first argue that employees' approach and avoidance motivation orientations are likely to guide their knowledge-sharing (KS) behaviors, which, in turn, influence their innovative performance. We differentiate between explicit and implicit KS and posit that approach motivation orientation is positively associated with both types of KS. In addition, we argue that while avoidance motivation orientation is positively related to explicit KS, it is negatively related to implicit KS. From a support-threat perspective, we also propose that perceived organizational support and psychological contract breach moderate the effects of approach and avoidance motivation orientations, respectively. We tested these relationships in a survey of 331 employees and their supervisors in two organizations in China. The results supported all of the hypothesized relationships, except for the relationship between avoidance motivation orientation and explicit KS, which was only significant when psychological contract breach was lower. These findings have both theoretical and practical implications. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

To reflect and learn: the emotional labor strategies of victims of workplace ostracism and the role of anger.

Research on coping with workplace ostracism has mainly focused on victims' behaviors. This study provides additional insights by focusing on victims' cognitive processes and emotion regulation to determine how workplace ostracism leads them to reflect and act on their emotions. Drawing on emotion regulation theory and ego depletion theory, we proposed a moderated mediation model to examine the mediating role of reflective learning in the relationships between workplace ostracism and emotional labor and the moderating effect of anger on the process. We conducted an experimental vignette study with 199 working adults in China. When the participants reported low levels of anger in response to workplace ostracism, they engaged in more surface acting and deep acting through reflective learning. However, when the participants reported high levels of anger, they did not use reflective learning effectively. We discuss the implications of these results for both research and practice.

Diagnostic model constructed by nine inflammation-related genes for diagnosing ischemic stroke and reflecting the condition of immune-related cells.

Background: Ischemic cerebral infarction is the most common type of stroke with high rates of mortality, disability, and recurrence. However, the known diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for ischemic stroke (IS) are limited. In the current study, we aimed to identify novel inflammation-related biomarkers for IS using machine learning analysis and to explore their relationship with the levels of immune-related cells in whole blood samples. Methods: Gene expression profiles of healthy controls and patients with IS were download from the Gene Expression Omnibus. Analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was performed in healthy controls and patients with IS. Single-sample gene set enrichment analysis was performed to calculate inflammation scores, and weighted gene co-expression network analysis was used to analyze genes in significant modules associated with inflammation scores. Key DEGs in significant modules were then analyzed using LASSO regression analysis for constructing a diagnostic model. The effectiveness and specificity of the diagnostic model was verified in healthy controls and patients with IS and with cerebral hemorrhage (CH) using qRT-PCR. The relationship between diagnostic score and the levels of immune-related cells in whole blood were analyzed using Pearson correlations. Results: A total of 831 DEGs were identified. Both chronic and acute inflammation scores were higher in patients with IS, while 54 DEGs were also clustered in the gene modules associated with chronic and acute inflammation scores. Among them, a total of 9 genes were selected to construct a diagnostic model. Interestingly, RT-qPCR showed that the diagnostic model had better diagnostic value for IS but not for CH. The levels of lymphocytes were lower in blood of patients with IS, while the levels of monocytes and neutrophils were increased. The diagnostic score of the model was negatively associated with the levels of lymphocytes and positively associated with levels of monocytes and neutrophils. Conclusions: Taken together, the diagnostic model constructed using the inflammation-related genes TNFSF10, ID1, PAQR8, OSR2, PDK4, PEX11B, TNIP1, FFAR2, and JUN exhibited high and specific diagnostic value for IS and reflected the condition of lymphocytes, monocytes, and neutrophils in the blood. The diagnostic model may contribute to the diagnosis of IS.

The Role of Astrocytes in the Mechanism of Perioperative Neurocognitive Disorders.

Recently, astrocytes are fast climbing the ladder of importance in cognitive-related diseases. Perioperative neurocognitive disorder (PND) is a common consequence of anesthesia and surgery, which is widely investigated in elderly and susceptible individuals. There is no doubt that astrocytes also play an irreplaceable role in the pathogenesis of PND. Reactive astrocytes can be found in the PND model, with an altered phenotype and morphology, suggesting a role in the development of the diseases. As a prominent participant cell in the central inflammatory response, the inflammatory response is unavoidably a crucial pathway in the development of the disease. Astrocytes also play a significant role in the homeostasis of the internal environment, neuronal metabolism, and synaptic homeostasis, all of which have an impact on cognitive function. In this article, we discuss the function of astrocytes in PND in order to establish a framework for investigating treatments for PND that target astrocytes.

The hotspots and publication trends in postoperative delirium: A bibliometric analysis from 2000 to 2020.

Background: Postoperative delirium (POD) is a common aging-associated postoperative complication that has received increasing attention in the context of the aging global population and the number of articles published on POD is gradually increasing. This study aimed to quantify the basic information of scholarly publications on POD and identify the most impactful literature, trends, and hotspots in POD research. Materials and methods: We searched articles on POD through the Science Citation Index Expanded databases published from 2000 to 2020. Bibliographic information, including year, country, authorship, type, journal, funding, affiliations, subject areas, and hotspots, was collected for further analysis. Results: A total of 2,114 articles on POD from 2000 to 2020 were identified. The highest number of studies (n = 748) were published in the United States, comprising the most total citations (13,928), followed by China (n = 278), and Germany (n = 209). Inouye, Sharon K. was the most productive author, with 66 publications on POD. The Journal of the American Geriatrics Society published the highest number of articles (n = 80), with the most total citations (4,561) and average (57.01), followed by Anesthesia and Analgesia (n = 52), and the British Journal of Anaesthesia (n = 43). Harvard University was the most productive institute, with the highest H-index (n = 46) and highest degree centrality (n = 191). The top hotspots in the field of POD during this period were "elderly," "cardiac surgery," "cognitive impairment," "hip fracture," and "intensive care unit." Conclusion: This study provides an overview of developments in the field of POD over the past 20 years using bibliometric analysis. Overall, research on POD has flourished worldwide. The United States (US) has a relatively high academic impact owing to its productive expertise and institutions in this field. Despite much research illustrating the diagnosis and management of POD in clinical practice, more basic research is needed.

Effect of Vitapex Combined with AH-Plus Paste on Inflammation in Middle-Aged and Elderly Patients with Periodontal-Endodontic Disease.

Aims: To investigate the effect of Vitapex combined with AH-plus paste on inflammation in middle-aged and elderly patients with periodontal-endodontic disease. Materials and Methods: A total of 80 teeth of middle-aged and elderly patients with the periodontal-endodontic disease who were treated in our hospital from June 2020 to June 2021 were selected as the research objects and were divided into comparison group and treatment group with 40 teeth each according to different treatment methods. Among them, the comparison group was filled with zinc oxide clove oil paste gutta-percha, and the treatment group was filled with Vitapex combined with AH-plus paste. The changes in apical cross-section sealing performance, periodontal pocket depth (PD), and gingival index (GI) of the two groups before treatment and after 6 months of follow-up were observed and compared, and X-ray analysis was performed. Results: There was no significant difference in the level of periodontal indexes and serum inflammatory indexes between the two groups before treatment (P > 0.05). After treatment, the levels of PD, BI, PLI, and GI in the two groups were significantly lower than before treatment (P < 0.05). The differences in IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and IL-1ß after treatment were significant (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the root canal area data of each cross-section between the two groups when the root canal was filled with root filling paste at different positions from the apex (P > 0.05). After root canal filling with root canal paste, the cross-sectional area from different parts of the root canal in the treatment group was significantly smaller than comparison group (P < 0.05). After 6 months of treatment, it was found that CEJ-BD and CEJ-AC in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the comparison group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Vitapex combined with AH-plus paste filling can effectively treat middle-aged and elderly periodontal-endodontic disease, which provides a certain reference for the clinical treatment of middle-aged and elderly periodontal-endodontic disease.

Technique Innovation and Clinical Application of Electrical Impedance Tomography: Bibliometric Research from 2001 to 2020.

BACKGROUND Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a new test that has been widely used by clinicians in recent years at bedside or in ICU wards. Studies and publications on EIT increased quickly and the hotspot trends changed; however, the overview and characteristics of such studies have not yet been reported. Therefore, we have attempted to interpret the evolution of EIT and to anticipate its possible future clinical use by conducting a statistical analysis of EIT articles over the past 20 years. MATERIAL AND METHODS We analyzed EIT-related articles from 2020 and the 20 years prior, sourced from the Web of Science database. The data collected included the number of articles published, the classification of the articles, basic information, and author affiliation. RESULTS Our study retrieved a total of 1427 EIT-related articles through screening, with the most articles published from Chinese authors and the Chinese Air Force Military Medical University, and the most cited article type being EIT-related basic research. Most articles on EIT have been published in the journal Physiological Measurement. Furthermore, the hotspots and research trends of EIT have changed from basic innovation development to clinical application in the past 20 years. CONCLUSIONS This paper presents a statistical analysis of articles on EIT over the last 20 years, focusing on trends from the mechanisms of EIT to its clinical use.

Jian Pi Tiao Gan Yin alleviates obesity phenotypes through mTORC1/SREBP1 signaling in vitro and in vivo.

Background: Obesity has been considered as a leading cause of multiple metabolic syndromes, such as type 2 diabetes and hypertension cardiovascular diseases. Jian Pi Tiao Gan Yin (JPTGY), a Chinese herb preparation, is used to treat obesity of liver qi stagnation and spleen deficiency. The mechanism of action of JPTGY in obesity remains unclear. This study evaluated the effect of JPTGY on obesity. Methods: The mechanism of action of JPTGY on obesity was investigated in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice and palmitic acid-treated 3T3-L1 cells. Lipid droplet accumulation was detected using oil red O staining. Factors associated with lipid accumulation were detected by western blotting. Results: Treatment with JPTGY reduced HFD-induced adiposity and body weight gain. JPTGY increased the levels of brown adipose tissue biomarkers in obese mice and palmitic acid-treated 3T3-L1 cells, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1-alpha (PGC-1α) and uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1). Meanwhile, the protein expression of white adipose tissue biomarkers, such as AGT, primary subtalar arthrodesis (PSTA), and endothelin receptor type A (EDNRA), was decreased in obese mice and palmitic acid-treated 3T3-L1 cells. JPTGY affects browning of 3T3-L1 cells through mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling. JPTGY decreased the expression levels of key adipogenic-specific proteins and lipogenic enzymes, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α (C/EBPα), sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP), and FAS. Treatment with the mTOR activator MHY reversed JPTGY-mediated protein expression. Conclusions: We concluded that JPTGY relieved obesity phenotypes through mTORC1/SREBP1 signaling in vitro and in vivo. JPTGY may benefit the attenuation of obesity.

Mechanisms of the Jian Pi Tiao Gan Yin in the treatment of simple obesity revealed by network pharmacology.

Background: This study sought to examine the mechanism of the Jian Pi Tiao Gan Yin in the treatment of obesity by network pharmacology. Methods: The active components and corresponding targets of the Jian Pi Tiao Gan Yin were identified using the traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform, and the obesity-related targets were acquired from the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man database. The drug and disease targets were also identified. Cytoscape software was used to construct the "active component target" network diagram. The protein-protein interaction network was drawn using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins platform, and the Cytoscape MCODE plugin was used to find clusters for the protein cluster analysis. The gene annotation and analysis were performed with the Metascape database via functional databases, such as the Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Autodock and PyMOL were used for the molecular docking. Results: The GO analysis identified 244 target genes of the Jian Pi Tiao Gan Yin, 1,378 targets of obesity, and 123 targets of drug and disease. Additionally, 208 biological process items, 38 molecular function items, and 33 cell component items were also identified. The KEGG pathway analysis identified the hypoxia-inducible factor, forkhead box O, cyclic adenosine monophosphate, and vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathways. The results of the molecular docking showed that the main active components of the Jian Pi Tiao Gan Yin in the treatment of obesity were quercetin, kaempferol, stigmasterol, luteolin, isorhamnetin, ß-sitosterol, sapogenin, tanshinone, and formononetin, all of which have been proven to bind to core obesity-related proteins, such as AKT1, interleukin-6 (IL-6), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), tumor protein 53 (TP53), prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), caspase-3 (CASP3), mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1), JUN, and epidermal growth factor (EGF). Thus, our study revealed the potential mechanism of the Jian Pi Tiao Gan Yin as a multi-component, multi-target, and multi-channel treatment for obesity. These findings lay the foundation for further studies on the mechanism of the Jian Pi Tiao Gan Yin in obesity treatment. Conclusions: The Jian Pi Tiao Gan Yin can be used as a multi-component, multi-target, and multi-channel treatment for obesity.

Role of BDNF/ProBDNF Imbalance in Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction by Modulating Synaptic Plasticity in Aged Mice.

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a disturbing neurological complication in patients undergoing anesthesia and surgical procedures. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its precursor proBDNF binding to their corresponding receptors tyrosine kinase (TrkB) and p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) exert quite an opposite biological function in neuron survival and synaptic function. This study aimed to demonstrate the critical role of the BDNF/proBDNF ratio in modulating synaptic plasticity, which further leads to anesthesia-/surgery-induced POCD. It also showed that the exogenous BDNF or p75NTR inhibitor could ameliorate cognitive dysfunction. In detail, 16-month-old C57BL/6 mice were subjected to a stabilized tibial fracture surgery with isoflurane anesthesia to establish the POCD animal model. The mice were then microinjected with either p75NTR inhibitor or exogenous BDNF into the dorsal hippocampus. Behavioral experiments were performed by open field and fear conditioning tests (FCTs). Western blotting was also used to measure the expression levels of BDNF, proBDNF, TrkB, p-TrkB, p75NTR, and synapse proteins. Golgi staining and electrophysiology were applied to evaluate the neuronal synaptic plasticity. Here, we demonstrated that anesthesia/surgery induced a reduction of BDNF/proBDNF, which negatively regulates the synaptic function in hippocampus, subsequently leading to cognitive impairment in aged mice. P75NTR inhibitor and exogenous BDNF could attenuate cognitive deficits by rescuing the dendritic spine loss and long-term potentiation (LTP) via altering the BDNF/proBDNF ratio. This study unveiled that the BDNF/proBDNF ratio in the hippocampus played a key role in anesthesia-/surgery-induced POCD. Thereby, tuning the ratio of BDNF/proBDNF is supposed to be a promising therapeutic target for POCD.

A Bibliometric Analysis of Research on Ketamine From 2001 to 2020.

Background: Ketamine is an intravenous anesthetic with analgesic effects that has a rapid onset and short duration of action. Many studies have been conducted on the use of ketamine; however, the quantity and quality of such studies have not been reported. Therefore, we aimed to conduct a bibliometric analysis of research on ketamine from 2001 to 2020. Methods: We used the Web of Science database to get publications on ketamine from January 2001 to December 2020. Various bibliographic information was collected, including the number of publications, year of publication, country of origin, journal name, research hotspots, citation count, and author information. Results: A total of 5,192 articles were included in the analysis. The United States published the highest number of papers on ketamine and the United States participated in publishing the most papers and disclosure funds. The types of articles in clinical trials were cited more frequently. Most articles on ketamine were published in the journal Anesthesia and Analgesia. Furthermore, the antidepressant effect of ketamine has been a research hotspot for the last 20 years. Conclusion: This study provided a comprehensive analysis of research on ketamine and highlighted the growing interest in ketamine and its antidepressant effects.

Identification of key genes involved in the recurrence of glioblastoma multiforme using weighted gene co-expression network analysis and differential expression analysis.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most fatal malignancy, and despite extensive treatment, tumors inevitably recur. This study aimed to identify recurrence-associated molecules in GBM. The gene expression profile GSE139533, containing 70 primary and 47 recurrent GBM tissues and their corresponding clinical traits, was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and used for weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis. After identifying the hub genes which differentially expressed in recurrent GBM tissues and in the gene modules correlated with recurrence, data from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CCGA) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases were analyzed with GSE43378 to determine the relationship between hub genes and patient prognosis. The diagnostic value of the identified hub genes was verified using 52 GBM tissues. Three gene modules were correlated with recurrence and 2623 genes were clustered in these clinically significant modules. Among these, 13 genes - EHF, TRPM1, FXYD4, CDH15, LHX5, TP73, FBN3, TLX1, C1QL4, COL2A, SEC61G, NEUROD4 and GPR139 - were differentially expressed in recurrent GBM samples; low LHX5 and TLX1 expression predicted poor outcomes. LHX5 and TLX1 expression showed weak positive relationships with Karnofsky performance scale scores. Additionally, LHX5 and TLX1 expression was found to be decreased in our recurrent GBM samples compared with that in primary samples; these genes exhibited high diagnostic value in distinguishing recurrent samples from primary samples. Our findings indicate that LHX5 and TLX1 might be involved in GBM recurrence and act as potential biomarkers for this condition.

Complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Glyptothorax annandalei in the Yarlung Zangbo River, Tibet.

Glyptothorax annandalei belongs to the family of Sisoridae, Glyptothorax. It is distributed in the Yarlung Zangbo River of southwestern China. In this study, we first published the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Glyptothorax annandalei, which was 16,541 bp in length. This genome consists of two rRNA genes, 22 tRNA genes, 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), and a putative control region. The overall base composition was for A(31.25%,) for T(25.67%), for C(27.66%), for G(15.42%). The PCGs start with a traditional ATG except for COX1 start with GTG, respectively, and end with stop codon TAA, TAG, or a single T base. All tRNA have the typical clover-leaf structure. The phylogenetic tree of the whole mitogenome sequence is constructed by maximum likelihood (ML) method and the phylogenetic relationship among the family Sisoridae is further analyzed. We expect to provide the theoretical basis for the further study of the phylogenetic relationship, taxonomic status, conservation and management of genetic resources of Sisoridae catfishes.

Complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Pareuchiloglanis kamengensis in the Yarlung Zangbo River, Tibet.

Pareuchiloglanis kamengensis belongs to the family of Sisoridae, Pareuchiloglanis. It is distributed in the Yarlung Zangbo River, the Irrawaddy River, the Nujiang River, and the Lancang River in southwestern China. In this study, we first published the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Pareuchiloglanis kamengensis, which was 16,589 bp in length. This genome consists of 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 tRNA genes, two rRNA genes, and a non-coding A + T-rich region. The PCGs start with a traditional ATG except for COX1 and NAD3, which start with GTG and ATA instead, respectively, and end with stop codon TAA, TAG, TA, or a single T base. All tRNA have the typical clover-leaf structure. The phylogenetic tree of the whole mitogenome sequence is constructed by using neighbor-joining (NJ) method and the phylogenetic relationship among the family Sisoridae is further analyzed. We except to provide the theoretical basis for the further study of the phylogenetic relationship, taxonomic status, and conservation and management of genetic resources of Sisoridae catfishes.

Activity of DBXX granules on anti-gastric ulcer and decreasing the side effect of chemotherapy in S180 tumor-bearing mice.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: DBXX is a derived prescription from "Banxiaxiexin Tang" in "Shanghan Lun", the representative prescription to regulate spleen and stomach. AIM OF THE STUDY: To determine the pharmacodynamics effects of DBXX granules on anti-ulcer and anti-side effect on digestive system induced by chemotherapeutic drugs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Chronic gastric ulcer was induced by an injection of 100% glacial acetic acid into the submucosal layer of the glandular stomach, then the area of all ulcers was added together as the ulcer index and inhibition rate of ulcer was calculated. While S180 tumor-bearing mice were treated with cyclophosphamide as the chemotherapeutic drug, the weight of food-intake after chemotherapy, the loss body weight, tumor weight and spleen index were weighed and calculated. RESULTS: In the gastric ulcer bearing mice, DBXX granules showed a dose-dependent reduction of ulcer at the dose 4.87 and 9.73 g/kg. In the S180 tumor-bearing mice, low dose of DBXX granules could significantly improve every investigated index compared with that of control group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: It proved that DBXX granules showed good healing effect on the chronic gastric ulcer mice and significant effect on decreasing the side effect of chemotherapy of S180 tumor-bearing mice.