Undergraduate preparation for primary health care roles in an academic nursing center.

The goal of the Nursing Center at the University of North Dakota is to prepare professional nurses to meet priority health needs of the next century through service to people currently in need. Health needs in the state, educational needs related to preparation for primary health care roles, and an explicit nursing paradigm for primary health care framed the development of the Nursing Center. As an integral part of the College of Nursing, the Nursing Center serves as a primary site for undergraduate clinical experiences. Family-centered, community-based programs were designed to simultaneously meet health needs of underserved rural populations and educational needs of undergraduates for preparation in primary health care roles. Implementation proved feasible from both service and educational perspectives. Initial evaluation data demonstrated a high level of effective clinical activity and role development for students beyond that experienced in more traditional settings.

Outcomes in an academic nursing center: client satisfaction with student services.

An important element of quality assessment/quality improvement efforts in health care organizations is the evaluation of patient satisfaction. This element is also important in academic nursing centers, where students provide home visiting services to improve access to care for vulnerable populations in the community. Using a modified version of an existing patient satisfaction instrument, faculty and staff of the University of North Dakota Nursing Center surveyed clients at the end of each semester of service. Results indicated overwhelming satisfaction with all aspects of care provided by the students. Other effects of the program on clients are discussed.

Influence of Initial Population Densities of Meloidogyne incognita on Three Chile Cultivars.

The effects of Meloidogyne incognita on the Big Jim, Jalapeno, and New Mexico No. 6 chile (Capsicum annuum) cultivars were investigated in microplots for two growing seasons. All three cultivars were susceptible to M. incognita and reacted similarly to different initial populations of this nematode. Severe stunting and yield suppressions occurred at all initial M. incognita densities tested ranging from 385 to 4,230 eggs and larvae/500 cm(3) soil. Regression analysis of the microplot data from a sandy loam soil showed yield losses of 31% for the 1978 season and 25% for the 1979 season for the three cultivars for each 10-fold increase in the initial population of M. incognita.

Kinetics of phosphorus absorption by mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal tomato roots.

Kinetics of P absorption were investigated in mycorrhizal (Glomus fasciculatus) and nonmycorrhizal tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) roots to determine why increased ion absorption by mycorrhizae occurs. Initial rates of absorption of (32)P were measured at 1 to 100 micromolar KH(2)PO(4) (pH 4.6). Absorption rates of mycorrhizae were about twice those of control roots. Augustinsson-Hofstee analysis yielded two linear phases; V(max) and K(m) were calculated for each phase. In the low phase (1 to 20 micromolar), V(max) values for the mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal roots were each 0.10 micromoles P per gram fresh weight per hour while K(m) values were 1.6 and 3.9 micromolar KH(2)PO(4), respectively. For the high phase (30 to 100 micromolar), V(max) values for mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal roots were 0.32 and 0.25 micromoles P per gram fresh weight per hour and K(m) values were 35 and 42 micromolar, respectively. These results indicate that at the lower phase concentrations, similar to those expected in most soil solutions, a major factor contributing to the increased uptake was an apparent greater affinity of the absorbing sites for H(2)PO(4) (-) (lower K(m)).

Isolation and identification of 5,7-dimethoxyisoflavone, an inhibitor of Aspergillus flavus from peanuts.

An inhibitor of Aspergillus flavus has been isolated form peanuts and identified as 5,7-dimethoxyisoflavone, Authentic 5,7-dimethoxyisoflavone, synthesized from benzyl-2-hydroxy-4,6 dimethoxyphenyl (3), and the isolated compound display identical ultraviolet spectra in methanol, in methanol+sodium methoxide, and in methanol+AlCl3; similar behavior in solvent extraction, column chromatography, TLC, and fungal inhibition.

Inhibition of growth of Aspergillus flavus and Trichoderma viride by peanut embryos.

Growth of Aspergillus flavus and Trichoderma viride on agar media was inhibited around embryos of green peanut seeds but not around embryos of cured seeds, intact peanut seeds, or testae. Both fungi were able to colonize intact seeds and testae. Substances inhibitory to A. flavus and T. viride were extracted with acetone from cotyledons of freshly harvested peanut seeds. Four compounds inhibitory to A. flavus were detected in crude acetone extracts. Three of the compounds demonstrated properties of phenolics. Results of this study suggest that inhibitory compounds in peanut cotyledons may play a role in protecting the peanut embryo from fungal infection.