RESUMO
A method is described for isolation of gram quantities of the components of the streptothricin complex S15-1 utilizing CM Sephadex column chromatography eluted with 10% acetic acid as an eluant followed by gradient elution with 10% acetic acid containing 0.02 N approximately 0.03 N HCI. Streptothricins F and E, as well as an unidentified component C1, have been isolated and their comparative biological activities determined. Streptothricins F and E were comparable in taeniacidal activity in mice infected with Hymenolepis nana ia feeding either one at 0.05% in the diet removed 92 approximately 100% of the adult tapeworms. The unidentified component C1 was inactive at the levels tested. In contrast, component C1 was the most active in antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis and in inhibiting the urease activity of proteus mirabilis. In the former test, the ratios of activity were; 1:7:30 for F:E:C1 and in the latter; 1:2:4 for F:E:C1.
Assuntos
Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Estreptotricinas/farmacologia , Animais , Antibacterianos/isolamento & purificação , Bactérias/efeitos dos fármacos , Hymenolepis/efeitos dos fármacos , Estreptotricinas/isolamento & purificação , Urease/antagonistas & inibidoresAssuntos
Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Disenteria/veterinária , Doenças dos Suínos/prevenção & controle , Suínos/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Infecções por Treponema/veterinária , Ração Animal , Animais , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Peso Corporal/efeitos dos fármacos , Diterpenos/farmacologia , Diterpenos/uso terapêutico , Disenteria/prevenção & controle , Aditivos Alimentares , Infecções por Treponema/prevenção & controleRESUMO
The streptothrinin antibiotics SQ 21,704 was evaluated against naturally occurring Taenia pisiformis and Dipylidium caninum infections in dogs when they were given at a dose level of 37.5 mg/kg of body weight in four different rations: loaf-type canned meat; chunk-type canned meat; dry (gravy-type) meal; and dry (pelleted) meal. The SQ 21,704 was 100% efficacious against both T pisiformis and D caninum infections when given with the chunk, gravy, and pelleted rations. When given with the loaf-type canned meat, it was 100% effective against T pisiformis and 60% efficacious against D caninum. The SQ 21,704 was effective against both tapeworm species when given orally as a liquid at a dose level of 37.5 mg/kg, formulated as an aqueous suspension containing 94 mg of activity per milliter. The SQ 21,704 was also tested in dogs when given orally in gelatin capsules at a dose level of 37.5 mg/kg without fasting, and was 100% efficacious against both tapeworm species. The results of a comparative taeniacidal study demonstrated that SQ 21,704 was 100% effective in removing both T pisiformis and D caninum when administered orally at a dose level of 37.5 mg/kg, whereas niclosamide and bunamidine hydrochloride were only partially effective at their recommended dose levels. One of five dogs treated with niclosamide at a dose level of 157 mg/kg was positive at necropsy, giving an orally efficacy of 80%. Three of five dogs treated with bunamidine hydrochloride at a dose level of 49 mg/kg were positive at necropsy, giving an overall efficacy of 40%.
Assuntos
Amidinas/administração & dosagem , Antibacterianos/administração & dosagem , Anticestoides/administração & dosagem , Infecções por Cestoides/veterinária , Doenças do Cão/tratamento farmacológico , Niclosamida/administração & dosagem , Estreptotricinas/administração & dosagem , Administração Oral , Amidinas/uso terapêutico , Animais , Anticestoides/uso terapêutico , Infecções por Cestoides/tratamento farmacológico , Cães , Niclosamida/uso terapêutico , Estreptotricinas/uso terapêutico , Teníase/tratamento farmacológico , Teníase/veterináriaAssuntos
Anti-Helmínticos/administração & dosagem , Benzimidazóis/administração & dosagem , Helmintíase/tratamento farmacológico , Animais , Anti-Helmínticos/uso terapêutico , Benzimidazóis/uso terapêutico , Bovinos , Infecções por Cestoides/tratamento farmacológico , Galinhas , Fasciola hepatica , Fasciolíase/tratamento farmacológico , Helmintíase Animal , Cavalos , Injeções Subcutâneas , Enteropatias Parasitárias/tratamento farmacológico , Pneumopatias Parasitárias/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por Nematoides/tratamento farmacológico , OvinosRESUMO
Tiamulin was compared, under a variety of experimental conditions, with 4 water-soluble antibiotic preparations available commercially for the control and treatment of mycoplasmal infections in poultry. In chickens, tiamulin was more effective than the reference antibiotics in preventing and eradicating airsacculitis caused by Mycoplasma gallisepticum and preventing airsacculitis and synovitis caused by M. synoviae. In turkeys, tiamulin and tylosin were equally active in preventing airsacculitis caused by M. gallisepticum. Tiamulin was highly effective in preventing airsacculitis also when administered as a single subcutaneous dose.
Assuntos
Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Galinhas , Infecções por Mycoplasma/veterinária , Doenças das Aves Domésticas/prevenção & controle , Perus , Sacos Aéreos , Animais , Broncopatias/prevenção & controle , Broncopatias/veterinária , Clortetraciclina/uso terapêutico , Diterpenos/uso terapêutico , Eritromicina/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Leucomicinas/uso terapêutico , Masculino , Infecções por Mycoplasma/prevenção & controle , Sinovite/prevenção & controle , Sinovite/veterináriaRESUMO
Lonomycin (TM-481, SQ 12,525) at various concentrations in the feed was tested in controlled battery experiments against laboratory strains of single and mixed Eimeria species infections. The experimental results indicated that lonomycin at doses of .003125, .00625, or .0125% demonstrated a high degree of anticoccidial activity by preventing or reducing mortality, reducing fecal dropping scores, and allowing for normal or near-normal weight gains against single and mixed infections of 5 major pathogenic species, E. acervulina, E. brunetti, E. maxima, E. necatrix, and E. tenella. Lonomycin, at these same dosages, was highly effective against a recent field isolate obtained from a flock previously fed monensin. These studies involving 7 trials totaling 1,680 broiler chicks, have demonstrated that lonomycin at levels of .003125 to .0125% (dependent on species of Eimeria) in the feed is an effective aid in the control of avian coccidiosis in broiler chickens.