Training status of operating room nurses of robotic-assisted surgery system in China: a cross-sectional survey / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To investigate the training status of robotic-assisted surgery nurses in hospitals with robotic-assisted surgery system in China, and to provide reference for the training and management of robotic-assisted surgery nurses.Methods:From August to December in 2021, hospitals with robotic-assisted surgery system in China were surveyed by a self-designed questionnaire distributed online.Results:The participants in the survey of 111 hospitals in 30 provinces, cities, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government, nurses cooperated with robotic-assisted surgery exist the phenomenon of their own training was up to 96.40% (107/111) of hospital, 47.75% (53/111) of the hospital said the current training content also need to add other aspects of the course. Training duration of theoretical courses was 0-13 (2.86 ± 3.03) periods arranged by hospitals, and the training duration of practical courses was 1-60 (8.38 ± 9.91) d. 35.14% (39/111) of hospitals set up regular assessment after training, and the assessment cycle of them was 1-12 (4.08 ± 3.31) months. Many hospitals put forward suggestions on strengthening English training and attaching importance to team cooperation and so on.Conclusions:In our country, Robotic-assisted surgery nurses′ training has turned to that training themselves in operating rooms, the training time, form, content and other aspects have no uniform standard, strict admittance, standardization of specialist training , these are questions need to solve.

Effect of modified herringbone-Trendelenburg position during gynecological laparoscopic operation of the elderly / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To explore the effects of modified herringbone-Trendelenburg position during gynecological laparoscopic operation of the elderly. Methods A total of 60 elderly patients undergoing gynecological laparoscopic operation under general anesthesia were recruited and assigned to the observation group (30 cases) and control group (30 cases) by random digits table method with 30 cases each according to admitting time;Patients in the control group were placed in conventional Trendelenburg position, while the patients in the observation group were positioned in modified herringbone-Trendelenburg position .Intraocular pressure (IOP) were measured in the patients at anesthesia induction (T1),5 minutes after general anesthesia in supine position (T2) , and 5 minutes after pneumoperitoneum while in the operation position (T3) , every 30 minutes (times 4 to 11), while supine at the end of pneumoperitoneum (time 12) and before awakening (time 13);Patients were followed up at 24 h and 48 h after surgery, researcher investigate and record the scores of the Operation Position Comfort Questionnaire, the situation of the pain in the shoulder and postoperative complications of the lower limbs. Results There was no statistically significant difference (t=-1.098,-0.772,-0.656, P>0.05) of the IOP at T1, T2, T13. The IOP in the observation group had statistically significant difference compared with the control group at T3 to T12 (t=6.523-19.866, P<0.01). The incidence rate of the postoperative complications of the lower limbs in the observation group was 6.7%(2/30) lower than 26.7%(8/30) of the control group (χ2=4.320, P<0.05) and the VAS scores of the patients in the two groups was statistically significant (t=2.471, P<0.05). The incidence rate of the postoperative shoulder pain in the observation group was 10.0%(3/30) lower than 43.3%(13/30) of the control group (χ2=8.523, P<0.01), and the Visual Analogue Scale scores of the patients in the two groups was statistically significant (t=3.575, P<0.05).The scores of the Operation Position Comfort Questionnaire in the observation group was higher than the control group (t=-2.319, P<0.05). Conclusions Modified herringbone- Trendelenburg position can reduce the elevation of intraocular pressure in elderly patients without affecting the operation ,and effectively improve the comfort of the operation position of the patients, reduce the incidence rate of the shoulder pain and postoperative complications of the lower limbs, is conducive to the operation safety of elderly patients.

Application of the peer-assisted learning combined with peer feedback in the teaching of operating room nursing / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To evaluate the effects of peer-assisted learning (PAL) combined with peer feedback in the teaching of operating room nursing. Methods 80 undergraduate nursing students in grade 2012 were assigned to the experimental group (n=40) and control group (n=40) by random number table method. The content of this training is operating room nursing skills. Nursing students in the experimental group received peer-assisted learning combined with peer feedback teaching,while nursing students in the control group received conventional teaching. Results The students′examination scores of the experimental group was (92.25 ± 3.43) obviously higher than that of the control group (89.20 ± 3.55) U=609.500, (P < 0.05), the students' evaluation of the new teaching method was higher than that of the control group (t=-2.76--2.27, P<0.05 or 0.01). Conclusions Peer-assisted learning combined with peer feedback can improve the operational capability of the students in operating room, is helpful to stimulate students′subjective initiative and improve the teaching quality of nursing.

The design and application of the care skills training course based on the model of practical performance / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To explore the effect of training course based on the model of practical performance which was designed to improve the humanistic caring ability of nursing postgraduates. Methods After conceived, designed and trained the nursing postgraduates, we combined quantitative research method and qualitative research method to understand the effect and the true feelings of the students after taking the training. Results “Humanistic Caring Ability of Nursing Undergraduates Assessment scale (HCANU)“was used before and after 22 nursing postgraduates accepted the training. After training, their total score (86.06±5.16) was higher than before (67.70±5.00) (t=2.665, P<0.01) and 8 dimensions scores were respectively higher than before(P<0.01 or 0.05). The course has improved the humanistic caring ability of nursing postgraduates, enhanced their empathy of nursing objects and promote self-reflection. Conclusions This training course based on the model of practical performance helps to improve the humanistic caring ability of nursing postgraduates and cultivate their humantistic quality.

The effect of different temperature setting of forced- air warming system on the prevention of hypothermia during laparotomy of infants / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To explore the effect of different temperature of the forced- air warming system on the prevention of hypothermia during laparotomy of infants. Methods A total of 60 infants undergoing laparotomy under general anesthesia were recruited and divided into three groups by random digits table method with 20 cases each according to admitting time; when used the force- air warming system intraoperatively, the three groups were respectively setting on 45℃(automatic adjustment for 43 ℃ after 45 minutes), 43 ℃ and 38 ℃.The core temperature were respectively recorded before anesthesia and 15, 30, 45, 60 minutes after anesthesia (every 30 minutes after 1 hour).The hypothermia incidence and anesthesia recovery conditions were recorded simultaneously. Results There was no significant difference on the core temperature among three groups before anesthesia (P > 0.05). 30 minutes after the anesthetic, the core temperature of 45 ℃ group was (36.31±0.20) ℃,43 ℃ group was (36.32±0.24) ℃ and 38 ℃ group was (36.08±0.21) ℃.The differences among three groups was statistically significant (F=8.12, P 0.05). 60 minutes after the anesthetic, the core temperature of 45 ℃ group was (36.39±0.26) ℃,43 ℃ group was (36.19±0.22) ℃ and 38 ℃ group was (35.92±0.15) ℃. The differences among three groups was statistically significant(F=25.19, P<0.01).The hypothermia incidence of 45℃group, 43℃ group,38℃ group was 10.0%(2/20), 25.0%(5/20), 50.0%(10/20)respectively and the differences among three groups was statistically significant( χ2=8.04, P<0.05). The time to complete consciousness of 45 ℃ group was (15.40±5.09) minutes,43 ℃ group was (19.80±4.10) minutes and 38 ℃ group was (22.00±4.36) minutes. The differences among three groups was statistically significant (F=10.96, P<0.01). The time to tracheal extubation of 45 ℃ group was (18.10±5.97) minutes, 43 ℃ group was (21.85±4.02) minutes and 38 ℃ group was (24.90±5.54) minutes.The differences among three groups was statistically significant (F=9.83, P<0.01). Conclusions The forced-air warming system can increase the infants′peripheral tissue heat content and reduce the heat losing.So that it will help decrease the intraoperative hypothermia incidence and shorten the anesthesia recovery period.Meanwhile the higher temperature of the forced-air warming system is setted ,the better effect it is.

Simple method of optical ring cavity design and its applications.

When an optical ring cavity is designed, the beam radii at some special positions, especially at the beam waists are very interested in, since the gain mediums, nonlinear crystals and others important optical elements are generally located at the beam waist. In this paper, we firstly presented a simple method for designing optical ring cavities based on the self-consistency theory and the fact that q parameter is uniquely determined by the waist beam radius and its position. This approach is different from ABCD method and it no longer requires cumbersome calculation. The calculations of designing optical ring cavities are simplified because q parameter only has imaginary part at beam waist plane. Moreover, designing the resonant cavity through the calculation of beam waist radii and their position has great practical significance, because it is very easy to adjust the waist radii and the positions at the important optical elements. We employed this method to design an end-pumped six-mirror ring cavity continuous-wave passively mode locked laser. The experiment of a highly stabilized continuous-wave mode locked (CWML) laser was investigated and the results coincided with the theoretical studies very well. The investigation results show that the simple method can be used to design optical ring cavities conveniently, intuitively and efficiently.

A simple method for astigmatic compensation of folded resonator without Brewster window.

A folded resonator requires an oblique angle of incidence on the folded curved mirror, which introduces astigmatic distortions that limit the performance of the lasers. We present a simple method to compensate the astigmatism of folded resonator without Brewster windows for the first time to the best of our knowledge. Based on the theory of the propagation and transformation of Gaussian beams, the method is both effective and reliable. Theoretical results show that the folded resonator can be compensated astigmatism completely when the following two conditions are fulfilled. Firstly, when the Gaussian beam with a determined size beam waist is obliquely incident on an off-axis concave mirror, two new Gaussian beam respectively in the tangential and sagittal planes are formed. Another off-axis concave mirror is located at another intersection point of the two new Gaussian beams. Secondly, adjusting the incident angle of the second concave mirror or its focal length can make the above two Gaussian beam coincide in the image plane of the second concave mirror, which compensates the astigmatic aberration completely. A side-pumped continues-wave (CW) passively mode locked Nd:YAG laser was taken as an example of the astigmatically compensated folded resonators. The experimental results show good agreement with the theoretical predictions. This method can be used effectively to design astigmatically compensated cavities resonator of high-performance lasers.

The Effect of Keerkang Oral Liquid on Extracorporeal Bacteriostasis / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective To analyze the effect of Kecrkang oral Liquid on extracorporeal bacteriostasis. Methods Tube dilution method was adopted to test the effect of different concentrations of Keerkang oral liquid on bacillus coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, bacillus aeruginosus, staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, β-Streptococcus hemolyticus, streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae and candida albicans. Results Keerkang Oral Liquid has obvious inhibited effects to all the bacteria that mentioned above. Conclusion Keerkang Oral Liquid has obvious extracorporeal bacteriostasis and resistance to fungi.

Study on the Antivirus Effects of Keerkang Oral Liquid on Extracorporeal Bacteriostasis / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective To analyze the inhibitive effect of Keerkang Oral Liquid on adenovirus (ADV3) , parainfluenza virus (HVJ) , respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) , and herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) , herpes simplex virus 2 ( HSV-2 ) in cell culture. Methods Sensitive cell culture was adopted, and chick embryo kidney (CEK) cells and bit hamster kidney (BHK) cells were used to infect homologous virus. Keerkang Oral Liquid was given after 2 hours, then cytopathie phenomenon (CPE) was observed. Results When the amounts of infected virus are less than or equal to 100TCID50, the group which was given Keerkang Oral Liquid showed CPE, while the virus control group showed 25%～75% CPE. Besideds Keerkang Oral Liquid showed inhibitive effect on maximum non-venom concentration (TD0) , medium effective concentration (IC50), minimum valid concentration (MTC) and therapeutic index (TI) ofADV3, HVJ, RSV, BSV-1, and HSV-2 by 0.5, 0.25, 0A25-0.0625 ml/ml and 4.8 respectively. Conclusion Keerkang Oral Liquid has obvious inhibitive effects on ADV3, HVJ,RSV and HSV-1, HSV-2 in cell culture, which provides experimental basis for treating ADV3, HVJ, RSV and HSV-1, and HSV-2.

Commonly Pathogens and Drug-resistance in Ventilator-associated Pneumonia in ICU / 中华医院感染学杂志

OBJECTIVE To investigate the pathogen distribution and antimicrobial resistance in ventilator-associated pneumonia(VAP) in intensive care unit(ICU) of our hospital and provide reference for clinical treatment.METHODS Among 135 patients with VAP in ICU of our hospital,pathogens distribution and resistance rate from sputum culture were analyzed retrospectively.RESULTS Among 188 strains of isolated pathogens in 135 patients,the Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 74.5%,the Gram-positive bacteria 14.4% and the fungi were 11.2%.The predominant pathogens were Pseudomonas aeruginosa(19.7%),Stenotrophomonas maltophilia(18.6%),Klebsiella pneumoniae(16.0%),and Acinetobacter baumannii(14.4%),Staphylococcus aureus(10.6%),Candida albicans(9.6%).The percentage of meticillin-resistant S.aureus(MRSA) was 95.0% and no vancomycin-resistant S.aureus isolate was detected out.Sensitive antibiotics were cefoperazone/sulbactam,imipenem/cilastatin,fluconazole etc.CONCLUSIONS The multi-drug resistant Gram-negative bacilli are the main pathogens in VAP in ICU of our hospital.Cefoperazone/sulbactam and imipenem/cilastatin can be used as first empirical antibiotics for patients with VAP in ICU of our hospital.

Effects on microstructure and mechanical property of pure titanium (TA1) treated by anodic oxidation / 生物医学工程学杂志

Effects on surface microstructure and mechanical property of pure titanium (TA1) for implant treated by anodic oxidation were investigated. We found that the oxide film with a certain uniform and compact color could be achieved by anodic oxidation method. However, with the increasing of oxidizing voltage and time, the oxide film will be dissolved at local area. The oxygen content of oxide film and the hydrogen content of matrix titanium will be raised, and will also be increased. In fact, hydrogen could be diffused into matrix titanium. With the increase of hydrogen content of matrix titanium and sigmas/sigmab, there appear the possible results of plastic deformation and the fracture of implant.

Growth inhibitory effect of triptolide combined with hyperthermia on Hep-2 cells / 吉林大学学报(医学版)

Objective To explore the effect of triptolide(TL) combined with hyperthermia on proliferation and apoptosis of Hep-2 cells and its affect on cell cycle phases,and provide theoretical foundation for treatment of laryngocarcinoma.Methods Hep-2 cells at logarithmic growth phase were randomly divided into control,hyperthermia,TL,TL combined with hyperthermia groups.MTT method was adopted to investigate the proliferation inhibition rate of the Hep-2 cells.Cell cycle and apoptotic rate of Hep-2 cells were analyzed by flow cytometry,and then the changes of subcellular structures were observed by electron microscope.Results The proliferation inhibition rates in hyperthermia,TL,TL combined with hyperthermia groups were 21.2%,28.5% and 54.5%,respectively;the proliferation inhibition rate in TL combined with hyperthermia group was higher than those in hyperthermia and TL groups(P

Experimental observation of Hep-2 cell cycle progression by elemene combined with heperthermia / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

OBJECTIVE To observe the inhibition of elemene combined with heperthermia on the cultured Hep-2 cell line(human laryngeal cancer cell line).METHODS MTT was applied to detect Hep-2 cell proliferation inhibition rate.Flow cytometry was applied to detect cell cycle and apoptosis rate of Hep-2 cells and electronic microscope was applied to detect subcellular changing of Hep-2 cells.RESULTS The inhibition rates were 28.8%,25.7% and 47.1% in elemene group,heperthermia group and elemene combined with heperthermia group respectively.The result of elemene combined with byperthermia group was the most effective.Elemene combined with hyperthermia can significantly increase the proliferation inhibition rate and the apoptosis rate of the Hep-2 cell.The cell cycle progression can be changed obviously.The number of G1 phase cells increased,the number of S phase cells decreased while the cells in G2/M phase increased relatively.At the subcellular level,the swelled mitochondrial,the chromatin agglutination edge trended and apoptotic bodies were observed under electronic microscope.CONCLUSION Elemene combined with hyperthermia can keep Hep-2 from proliferation and inhibit the changing from G1 phase to S phase,so the apoptosis rate can be induced.

Study of apoptosis mechanism of the carcinoma of urinary bladder BIU-87 cell strain induced by SEA / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:Observing the mechanism of apoptosis in the carcinoma of urinary bladder BIU 87 cell strain induced by staphylococcus enterotoxin A (SEA).Methods:The multiplicative inhibitory rate of the BIU 87 cell strain and cell cycle affected by SEA was tested with MTT colorimetry and low cytometry.Results:SEA restrain obviously the BIU 87 cell strain and have dosage dependence and obstruct the cell multiplication processes from G 1 period to S period.A crowd of cells was seen G 1 period.Conclusion:SEA having effect of cytotoxicity can make BIU 87 cell strain apoptosis and prevent the metastsis of the carcinoma of urinary bladder by pouring it into bladder.

The preparation and the killer function on Hep-2 clone of bifunction antibody of anti-human laryngocarcinoma/anti-CD_3 / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:To prepare bifunction antibody of anti-human laryngocarcinoma/anti-CD 3 for the active immune therapy of laryngocarcinoma.Methods:To corss link monoclonal antibody of anti-human laryngocarcinoma and anti-CD 3 into bifunction antibody by chemical method,which can guide the killer function on carcinoma cells.Results:The killer rate of effector cells guided by bifunction antibody is higher than that of anti-CD 3 which can arise with the elevation of effect target ratio.Conclusion:Bifunction antibody of anti-human laryngocarcinoma/anti-CD 3 prepared by chemical cross linking method has the potential value for clinical application. [