The Diagnostic Accuracy of Delayed Development in Adolescents.

INTRODUCTION: The early identification of developmental delay in adolescents by health professionals is relevant for a good prognosis. However, the clinical indicators of development delay are unclear in nursing science. PURPOSE: To analyze the clinical indicators of delayed development in school adolescents. METHODS: A diagnostic accuracy study that investigated delayed development among 385 adolescents in public schools between July and September of 2017. The accuracy measures were analyzed using a latent class analysis based on sensitivity and specificity values. FINDINGS: The delayed development is present in 18.26% of school adolescents. The best accuracy values were as follows: low self-esteem (0.9838), dissatisfaction with own image (0.8400), impaired daily activities (0.9815), internalization behavior (0.8304), outsourcing behavior (0.6367), eating disorders (1.0000), emotional insecurity (0.7093), dependent behavior (0.9836), and altered sexual maturation (0.6085). CONCLUSION: Thus, this set of nine clinical indicators can be used by nurse practitioners to confirm delayed development in school adolescents. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: This research contributes by providing accurate clinical indicators of delayed development in adolescents. Thus, nurses should recognize delayed development in adolescents through accurate clinical indicators and propose nursing interventions that have positive health results.

Fatores de risco e conhecimento de idosos sobre doença renal crônica / Risk factors and knowledge of the elderly people about chronic kidney disease

Objetivo: analisar a relação entre os fatores de risco e o conhecimento dos idosos sobre a doença renal crônica. Métodos: estudo transversal, realizado com 100 idosos cadastrados em unidades básicas, utilizando entrevista semiestruturada. Os dados foram analisados com recurso à estatística descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: a maioria dos idosos detinha conhecimento adequado sobre a doença e a prevenção, mas conhecimento deficiente sobre a hemodiálise. Em relação aos fatores de risco presentes nos idosos destacam-se os valores aumentados e com significância estatística da circunferência abdominal (p=0,049), tabagismo (p=0,022) e o etilismo (p=0,013). Conclusão: identificaram-se relações entre os fatores de risco tabagismo, etilismo, circunferência abdominal aumentada, e o conhecimento dos idosos sobre a doença renal crônica. (AU)

Prevalent Signs and Symptoms in Patients with Skin Cancer and Nursing Diagnoses.

BACKGROUND: Skin cancer has a remarkable importance given the high incidence in the population. In Brazil, it is estimated that there were 98,420 new cases of nonmelanoma skin cancer among men and 83,710 new cases among women in 2014. OBJECTIVES: To verify signs and symptoms present in patients with skin neoplasms according to the literature and relate them to the nursing diagnoses of NANDA International. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Integrative literature review carried out from March to May 2015 in the databases: Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, SCOPUS, National Library of Medicine and Nattional Institutes of Health, Latin American and Caribbean Sciences of Health and Web of Science. The descriptors used were: 'Signs and Symptoms' and 'Skin Neoplasms'. Sixteen articles were identified as the final sample. After review, the signs and symptoms of skin cancer identified in the literature were related to the defining characteristics present in NANDA International, with the aim to trace possible nursing diagnoses. RESULTS: The most prevalent signs and symptoms were: asymmetric and well circumscribed nodules with irregular borders; speckles with modified color aspect; ulcerations; blisters; pain; itching; and bleeding. The principal nursing diagnoses outlined were: risk for impaired skin integrity; impaired skin integrity; acute pain; risk of shock; and impaired comfort. CONCLUSIONS: The identification of signs and symptoms present in patients with skin cancer and the relationships of these with the nursing diagnoses of NANDA International provide a basis for qualified and systematized nursing care to this clientele.