RESUMO
A sensitive diethyl ether gas sensor based on cataluminescence on nano-Pd/ZnNi3Al2O7 at a temperature lower than 150 °C was reported. The composition of the sensitive material was determined by energy-dispersive spectrometry, and a particle size of less than 50 nm was shown by transmission electron microscopy. When the atomic percentage of Pd in the sensing material is 0.8-1.3%, it is beneficial to the low-temperature and high-selective cataluminescence of diethyl ether. The signal response and recovery of diethyl ether on the sensitive material can be completed quickly in 0.5 s, and the relative standard deviation of the signal within 500 h of continuous operation is not more than 2.5%. There is good linear relationship between the luminescence intensity and the concentration of diethyl ether in the range of 0.08-75 mg/m3. The detection limit (3σ) is 0.04 mg/m3. The working conditions optimized by the response surface methodology were an analytical wavelength of 548.86 nm, a reaction temperature of 109.18 °C, and a carrier gas velocity of 125.88 mL/min. The sensitivity of the method can be increased by 4.5% under the optimized working conditions. The optimization method is universal for many multi-parameter processes.
RESUMO
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small non-coding RNAs, which could bind to the 3'-untranslated regions of their target mRNAs to regulate gene expression in various biological processes, including immune-regulated signaling pathways. Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.), an important commercial fish species in China, has been suffering with Vibrio anguillarum infection resulted in dramatic economic loss. Therefore, we investigated the expression profiles of miRNAs, as well as the immune-related miRNA-mRNA pairs in turbot intestine at 1 h, 4 h, and 12 h following V. anguillarum infection. As a result, 266 predicted novel miRNAs and 283 conserved miRNAs belonging to 92 miRNA families were detected. A total of 44 miRNAs were differentially expressed in the intestine following V. anguillarum infection. Following prediction, the potential target genes of differentially expressed miRNAs were grouped into a wide range of functional categories, including immune defense/evasion, inflammatory responses, RIG-I signaling pathway, and Toll-like receptor signaling pathway. Moreover, we selected 15 differentially expressed immune genes and their related differentially expressed miRNAs to construct an interaction network for V. anguillarum infection in turbot. These results suggested that in teleost, as in higher vertebrates, miRNAs prominently contribute to immune responses, protecting the host against infection. In addition, this is the first report of comprehensive identification of turbot miRNAs being differentially regulated in the intestine related to V. anguillarum infection. Our results provided an opportunity for further understanding of the molecular mechanisms of miRNA regulation in turbot host-pathogen interactions.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Peixes/genética , Proteínas de Peixes/genética , Linguados/genética , MicroRNAs/genética , Transcriptoma/genética , Vibrioses/veterinária , Animais , Proteína DEAD-box 58/genética , Proteína DEAD-box 58/imunologia , Doenças dos Peixes/imunologia , Doenças dos Peixes/microbiologia , Proteínas de Peixes/classificação , Proteínas de Peixes/imunologia , Linguados/imunologia , Linguados/microbiologia , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Redes Reguladoras de Genes , Interações Hospedeiro-Patógeno/genética , Interações Hospedeiro-Patógeno/imunologia , Imunidade Inata/genética , Intestinos/imunologia , Intestinos/microbiologia , MicroRNAs/classificação , MicroRNAs/imunologia , Mapeamento de Interação de Proteínas , Transdução de Sinais , Receptores Toll-Like/genética , Receptores Toll-Like/imunologia , Transcriptoma/imunologia , Vibrio/imunologia , Vibrio/patogenicidade , Vibrioses/genética , Vibrioses/imunologia , Vibrioses/microbiologiaRESUMO
A series of benzophenone (BP) and norbornadiene (NBD)-labeled poly(aryl ether) dendrimers (Gn-NBD), generations 1-4, were synthesized, and their photophysical and photochemical properties were examined. The phosphorescence of the peripheral BP (donor) chromophore was efficiently quenched by the NBD (acceptor) group attached to the focal point. Time-resolved spectroscopic measurements indicated that the lifetime of the triplet state of the BP chromophore was shortened due to the proximity of the NBD group. Selective excitation of the BP chromophore resulted in isomerization of the NBD group to quadricyclane (QC). All of these observations suggest that an intramolecular triplet energy transfer occurs in Gn-NBD molecules. The light-harvesting ability of these molecules increases with generation due to an increase in the number of peripheral chromophores. The energy transfer efficiencies are ca. 0.97, 0.54, 0.45, and 0.37 for generations 1-4, respectively, and the rate constant of the triplet-triplet energy transfer is ca. 10(6)-10(7) s(-1), which decreases inconspicuously with increasing generation. The intramolecular triplet energy transfer is proposed to proceed mainly via a through-space mechanism involving the closest donor (folding back conformation) and acceptor groups.
