Immune infiltration in nasopharyngeal carcinoma based on gene expression.

Immune infiltration of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is closely associated with the patients' prognosis. However, previous studies have not interpreted the difference of infiltrating immune cells in NPC.We comprehensively analyzed the tumor-infiltrating immune cells present in NPC for the first time, which was based on a scientific deconvolution algorithm (CIBERSORT) and the gene expression data of GSE64634. The fractions of 22 immune cells were assessed to reveal the associations between normal samples and NPC samples.Profiles of immune infiltration vary significantly between normal samples and NPC samples, and the variation could characterize the individual differences. NPC samples contained a higher proportion for M1 macrophages, whereas memory B cells and CD4 memory resting T cells were relatively lower.Our data suggest that the differences in the infiltrating immune cells in NPC and these differences would probably facilitate patient consultation and individualized treatment.

Comprehensive Analysis of Core Genes and Potential Mechanisms in Rectal Cancer.

Rectal cancer is a common type of colorectal cancer with high mortality and morbidity. The objective of this study was to identify gene signatures and uncover the potential mechanisms during rectal cancer samples. The gene expression profiles of GSE87211 data set were downloaded from GEO (Gene Expression Omnibus) database. The GSE87211 data set contained 2363 samples, including 203 rectal cancer samples and 160 matched mucosa control samples. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were conducted, and protein-protein interaction network of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was performed by Cytoscape. Then, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) was applied to get the hub genes expression level and survival analysis between rectum adenocarcinoma (READ) tissues and normal tissues. In total, 846 DEGs were identified, including 402 upregulated genes and 444 downregulated genes. GO analysis showed that upregulated DEGs were enriched in inflammatory response, signal transduction, cell adhesion, immune response, and positive regulation of cell proliferation. KEGG pathway analysis showed that upregulated DEGs were enriched in cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, Pi3K-Akt signaling pathway, and chemokine signaling pathway. The top 20 hub genes contained IL8, CXCR1, SSTR2, SST, CXCR2, GALR1, GAL, CXCL1, SSTR1, NPY1R, NPY, AGT, PPY, PPBP, CXCL2, CXCL6, CXCL11, CXCL3, GNG4, and GNGT1, and only four genes significantly increased expression levels with obvious changes of survival analysis in READ tissues based on GEPIA. Our study indicated that identified DEGs might promote our understanding of molecular mechanisms, which might be used as molecular targets or diagnostic biomarkers for the treatment of rectal cancer.