Drying Characteristics of Eucalyptus urophylla × E. grandis with Supercritical CO2.

Supercritical CO2 (ScCO2) is a drying medium with excellent solubility and mass transfer efficiency. Supercritical CO2 drying (SCD) can remove the water of wood rapidly and prevent a change of microstructure caused by capillary tension in the drying process. In this study, Eucalyptus urophylla × E. grandis specimens with lengths of 50 and 100 mm were dried with ScCO2. Conventional kiln drying (CKD) and oven-drying (OD) were used as control. After 1 h, the drying rate, shrinkage, moisture distribution, drying stress were measured to explore the influence of drying methods and specimen length for drying characteristics during the early drying stage. The results showed that compared with CKD and OD, water removal was the fastest under SCD, and the drying rate was nine times of CKD and one time of OD. The shrinkage of SCD was the lowest among the three drying methods. Moisture distribution of SCD and OD was uneven. The drying stress of SCD was relatively high, the drying stress index of it was almost five times of CKD and three times of OD. Regardless of the drying method, shorter specimens had a shorter drying period but greater drying defects than the long specimens.

A facile strategy to recycle template P123 from mesoporous aluminosilicates by ultrasonic extraction.

High synthesis cost of mesoporous aluminosilicates (MA) limits their practical application. Recycling of copolymer template employed in preparation of MA is an effective way to reduce the synthesis cost. An ultrasonic extraction strategy for recycling of organic template P123 in MAs is reported. Effects of different extraction parameters on P123 recovery are investigated and the optimum conditions are obtained. 75.0% P123 is recovered from MAs within 10 min by one-step ultrasonication. Characterizations indicated that the resulting P123-free MA (MA-U) exhibits excellent properties compared with that of calcined products. Moreover, recovered P123 can be employed to synthesize high hydrothermally stable MA. This investigation provides a facile strategy to recycle P123 from MA.

Dislocation stimulus dependence of atomic collective vibration in an icosahedral cluster.

The dynamics of the monopole collective vibration of a Leonard-Jones 147-atom cluster has been examined using molecular dynamics simulation. It is found that the process of energy release of the vibrating cluster depends on the extent of the initial atomic dislocation stimulus. A relatively larger-scale perturbation will cause a faster decay of the vibration magnitude despite the higher potential and kinetic energy compared to the vibration stimulated by a small-scale dislocation stimulus. Due to the compression by the outermost shells, the potential energy of atoms in the inner shells increases while that of the outer shells decreases during the process of energy release until equilibrium state. Findings provide hitherto insight into the dynamics of energy releases of an atomic cluster induced by a sudden dislocation stimulus.

Dual functions of a monoclonal antibody against cell surface F1F0 ATP synthase on both HUVEC and tumor cells.

AIM: To generate a monoclonal antibody (McAb) against cell surface F1F0 ATP synthase (ATPase) and observe its antitumoral activity on both human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and tumor cells. METHODS: Hybridoma cells secreting McAb against ATPase were produced by polyethylene glycol-mediated fusions and screened by ELISA. The specificity of McAb was demonstrated by immunofluorescence and confocal imaging, as well as flow cytometry analysis. After the blockade of surface ATPase with McAb on HUVEC and human breast adenocarcinoma MDA-MB-231 cells, an ATP determination kit and CellTiter96 AQueous Assay (MTS) assay were used to detect the effect of the antibody on extracellular ATP modification and cell proliferation. A cellular cytotoxicity assay in combination with doxorubicin, and a cell migration assay on MDA-MB-231 cells were used to determine the antitumoral activity. Finally, a HUVEC tube formation assay was used to detect the antiangiogenic effect of McAb178-5G10. RESULTS: A monoclonal antibody (McAb178-5G10) against the beta-subunit of ATPase was generated, and its reactivity toward HUVEC and tumor cells was studied. We demonstrate that McAb178-5G10 binds to ATPase at the cell surface, where it is able to inhibit ATP synthesis. This antibody also prevents the proliferation of HUVEC and MDA-MB-231 cells. Furthermore, McAb178-5G10 enhances the tumoricidal effects of doxorubicin (P<0.05), inhibits the migration of MDA-MB- 231 in transwell assays (P<0.01), and disrupts HUVEC tube formation on Matrigel (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: McAb178-5G10 binds preferentially to cell surface ATPase, blocks ATP synthesis, and exhibits both antiangiogenic and antitumorigenic effects.

[Application of saucer shaped cavity and retentive groves in class II cavity restoration].

PURPOSE: To observe the clinical effects of class II cavity restoration by using saucer shaped cavity and retentive grooves and dovetail retentive cavity. METHODS: 550 cases needing to have class II cavity preparations were divided into two groups randomly to have class II cavity restoration by using saucer shaped cavity and retentive groups or dovetail retentive cavity. The same light cured posterior composite resin restorative material was used 2 groups. After two years of follow-up, The clinical effects were recorded and evaluated. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in two groups (P>0.05) in respects to loss of retention, margin sealing, Secondary caries, grooves occlusal abrasion, pulp reaction and margin coloration. CONCLUSION: Using saucer shaped cavity and retentive grooves had the similar effect to dovetail retentive cavity.