Advances in pathogenic mechanisms, diagnostic methods, surgical and non-surgical treatment, and potential recurrence factors of Chronic Subdural Hematoma: A review.

Chronic Subdural Hematoma (CSDH) is a common hemorrhagic disease in neurosurgery, and with the intensification of global aging, its incidence is gradually increasing. With the advancement of scientific technology, the etiological concepts and surgical treatments for CSDH have continually evolved over time. Currently, neuroscientists' understanding of CSDH is no longer confined to bridging vein rupture; exploration of various mechanisms such as angiogenesis, maturation of blood vessels, and inflammation is also underway. In-depth exploration and discovery of pathogenic mechanisms guide the updating of clinical treatment strategies and methods. For different types of CSDH, there is now a clear guidance for the targeted selection of treatment methods. However, the current treatment of CSDH cannot completely solve all problems, and the updating of treatment methods as well as the development and validation of new effective drugs remain challenges for the future. In addition, the recurrence of CSDH is a significant issue that needs to be addressed. Although we have reviewed potential recurrent factors that may be associated, the strength of this evidence is insufficient. Future research should gradually focus on validating these recurrent factors and exploring new ones, in order to optimize the existing understanding and treatment of CSDH.

Efficacy of scalp acupuncture combined with conventional therapy in the intervention of post-stroke depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Post-stroke depression (PSD) is a common complication following a stroke, significantly impacting patients' quality of life and mental well-being. Currently, two primary approaches are employed to treat PSD: drug therapy and non-drug therapy. Among these, acupuncture, specifically scalp acupuncture (SA), has gained attention due to its cost-effectiveness and broad social benefits. SA is a precise and direct form of acupuncture that has been utilized in the treatment of PSD. Although several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have demonstrated the efficacy of SA in treating PSD, there is a lack of comprehensive systematic reviews. Given the limitations of existing evidence, we conducted a systematic evaluation to assess the effectiveness of SA in combination with conventional therapy (CT) for intervening in PSD. METHODS: We systematically searched five databases for articles published up until May 31, 2023, pertaining to SA treatment of PSD. A team of researchers meticulously screened and assessed these articles to identify the final included studies. After extracting relevant information and outcome indicators from the selected articles, we employed RevMan5.3 software to evaluate their quality and perform statistical analysis. Throughout our research, we strictly adhered to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. RESULTS: A total of 11 articles were included, and a meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of SA combined with CT for treating PSD. The results revealed that SA combined with CT can effectively improve the treatment's success rate for PSD and reduce the severity of depressive symptoms measured by the Self-Rating Depression Scale. However, SA combined with CT did not show significant reductions in depressive symptoms assessed by the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, which may be related to the inclusion of high heterogeneity articles. Importantly, the combination treatment did not lead to an increase in adverse reactions among PSD patients. CONCLUSION: While the effectiveness of SA combined with CT in treating PSD still requires further validation through rigorous randomized double-blind trials, this study provides a comprehensive collection of studies that meet the criteria for SA combined with CT in PSD treatment. It objectively and systematically evaluated the impact of SA combined with CT on PSD. Consequently, the findings of this study hold certain clinical significance.

Knowledge mapping of nano drug delivery systems across blood - Brain barrier from 1996 to 2022: A bibliometric analysis.

Background: The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a natural physiological barrier that protects the central nervous system from foreign substances and limits the delivery of drugs to the brain. Nanotechnology has opened up new possibilities for drug delivery in the brain. Over several decades, various Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Systems (NDDS) that can cross the BBB have been developed for targeted delivery in the brain. To gain a comprehensive understanding of the current research hotspots and trends of NDDS across the BBB, this paper employs bibliometric analysis of articles published in the core database of Web of Science (WOS) from 1996 to 2022. Method: A search for relevant research literature on NDDS that can cross the BBB was conducted in the Web of Science database, covering the period from 1996 to 2022. The Bibliometrix R-4.0 software package was used to analyze data related to the countries of publication, research institutions, journals, citations, and keywords. The analysis aimed to identify the co-occurrence of keywords in the documents, including their titles and abstracts. Additionally, cooperative network analyses of authors, institutions, and countries of publication were conducted. Results: A total of 436 articles were analyzed, originating from 174 journals and 13 books, with the majority published in Q1 and Q2 journals. Contributors from 53 countries or regions participated in the publication of these articles, with China, the United States, and India having the highest number of articles by correspondent authors, and China, the United States, and Germany being the most cited countries. Fudan University, Hacettepe University, and Sichuan University were the top three institutions with the most publications. Among the 436 articles analyzed, 1337 keywords and 1450 keywords plus were identified. Factor analysis grouped the keywords plus into two categories: drug delivery systems, polymeric nanoparticles, gold nanoparticles, transferrin, and others, and drug, delivery, efficiency, expression, and mechanism. Conclusion: The research on NDDS that can cross the BBB is gradually receiving attention, and the recognition and cooperation in this field have increased.