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1.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun ; 723: 150212, 2024 May 31.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38850812

RESUMO

Due to the presence of protective mechanisms and blood-ocular barriers in the eye, drugs aimed at treating posterior segment ophthalmic disorder have to be administrated mostly through periocular or intravitreal injection. In the current study, we sought to investigate whether topical ophthalmic instillation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs)-derived exosomes can prevent and treat experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU), a posterior segment ophthalmic disease induced in animals and considered a model of human autoimmune diseases of the eye. Our studies reveal that topical ophthalmic instillation of hMSCs-derived exosomes can effectively ameliorate EAU. More importantly, we demonstrate that exosomes modified by trans-activator of transcription peptide (TAT) were more effective than naive exosomes in penetrating ocular barrier and preventing/treating EAU. Taken together, these results indicate that topical ophthalmic instillation of TAT-peptide modified exosomes represents a novel non-invasive therapeutic strategy for posterior-segment ophthalmic disorders.

2.
Front Microbiol ; 15: 1319654, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38863759

RESUMO

Introduction: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease. Mounting evidence suggests microbiota dysbiosis augment autoimmune response. This study aims to provide a systematic overview of this research field in SLE through a bibliometric analysis. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search and retrieval of literature related to microbial researches in SLE from the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) database. The retrieved articles were subjected to bibliometric analysis using VOSviewer and Bibliometricx to explore annual publication output, collaborative patterns, research hotspots, current research status, and emerging trends. Results: In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of 218 research articles and 118 review articles. The quantity of publications rises annually, notably surging in 2015 and 2018. The United States and China emerged as the leading contributors in microbial research of SLE. Mashhad University of Medical Sciences had the highest publication outputs among the institutions. Frontiers in Immunology published the most papers. Luo XM and Margolles A were the most prolific and highly cited contributors among individual authors. Microbial research in SLE primarily focused on changes in microbial composition, particularly gut microbiota, as well as the mechanisms and practical applications in SLE. Recent trends emphasize "metabolites," "metabolomics," "fatty acids," "T cells," "lactobacillus," and "dietary supplementation," indicating a growing emphasis on microbial metabolism and interventions in SLE. Conclusion: This study provides a thorough analysis of the research landscape concerning microbiota in SLE. The microbial research in SLE mainly focused on three aspects: microbial dysbiosis, mechanism studies and translational studies (microbiota-based therapeutics). It identifies current research trends and focal points, offering valuable guidance for scholars in the field.

3.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38695864

RESUMO

A novel actinobacterium, designated strain CWNU-1T, was isolated from the rhizospheric soil of Fritillaria cirrhosa D. Don and examined using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. The organism developed pale blue aerial mycelia that was simply branched and terminated in open or closed coils of three or more volutions on International Streptomyces Project 3 agar. Spores were ellipsoidal to cylindrical with wrinkled surfaces. The strain showed high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to Streptomyces kurssanovii NBRC 13192T (98.8 %), Streptomyces xantholiticus NBRC 13354T (98.7 %) and Streptomyces peucetius JCM 9920T (98.6 %). The phylogenetic result based on 16S rRNA gene and genome sequences clearly demonstrated that strain CWNU-1T formed an independent phylogenetic lineage. On the basis of orthologous average nucleotide identity, CWNU-1T was most closely related to Streptomyces inusitatus NBRC 13601T with 79.3 % identity. The results of the digital DNA-DNA hybridization analysis also indicated low levels of relatedness with other species, as the highest value was observed with S. inusitatus NBRC 13601T (25.3 %). With reference to phenotypic characteristics, phylogenetic data, orthologous average nucleotide identity and digital DNA-DNA hybridization results, strain CWNU-1T was readily distinguished from its most closely related strains and classified as representing a novel species, for which the name Streptomyces albipurpureus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CWNU-1T (=CGMCC 4.7758T=MCCC 1K07402T=JCM 35391T).


Assuntos
Técnicas de Tipagem Bacteriana , Composição de Bases , DNA Bacteriano , Ácidos Graxos , Fritillaria , Hibridização de Ácido Nucleico , Filogenia , RNA Ribossômico 16S , Rizosfera , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Microbiologia do Solo , Streptomyces , Streptomyces/genética , Streptomyces/classificação , Streptomyces/isolamento & purificação , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , DNA Bacteriano/genética , Ácidos Graxos/análise , Fritillaria/microbiologia , Vitamina K 2/análogos & derivados
4.
Front Nutr ; 11: 1364841, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38765814

RESUMO

Background: Nephritis is a pivotal catalyst in chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression. Although epidemiological studies have explored the impact of plasma circulating metabolites and drugs on nephritis, few have harnessed genetic methodologies to establish causal relationships. Methods: Through Mendelian randomization (MR) in two substantial cohorts, spanning large sample sizes, we evaluated over 100 plasma circulating metabolites and 263 drugs to discern their causal effects on nephritis risk. The primary analytical tool was the inverse variance weighted (IVW) analysis. Our bioinformatic scrutiny of GSE115857 (IgA nephropathy, 86 samples) and GSE72326 (lupus nephritis, 238 samples) unveiled anomalies in lipid metabolism and immunological characteristics in nephritis. Thorough sensitivity analyses (MR-Egger, MR-PRESSO, leave-one-out analysis) were undertaken to verify the instrumental variables' (IVs) assumptions. Results: Unique lipoprotein-related molecules established causal links with diverse nephritis subtypes. Notably, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) emerged as a protective factor for acute tubulointerstitial nephritis (ATIN) (OR1 = 0.84, [95% CI 0.78-0.90], p1 = 0.013; OR2 = 0.89, [95% CI 0.82-0.97], p2 = 0.007). Conversely, multivitamin supplementation minus minerals notably increased the risk of ATIN (OR = 31.25, [95% CI 9.23-105.85], p = 0.004). Reduced α-linolenic acid (ALA) levels due to lipid-lowering drugs were linked to both ATIN (OR = 4.88, [95% CI 3.52-6.77], p < 0.001) and tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) (OR = 7.52, [95% CI 2.78-20.30], p = 0.042). While the non-renal drug indivina showed promise for TIN treatment, the use of digoxin, hydroxocobalamin, and liothyronine elevated the risk of chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis (CTIN). Transcriptome analysis affirmed that anomalous lipid metabolism and immune infiltration are characteristic of IgA nephropathy and lupus nephritis. The robustness of these causal links was reinforced by sensitivity analyses and leave-one-out tests, indicating no signs of pleiotropy. Conclusion: Dyslipidemia significantly contributes to nephritis development. Strategies aimed at reducing plasma low-density lipoprotein levels or ALA supplementation may enhance the efficacy of existing lipid-lowering drug regimens for nephritis treatment. Renal functional status should also be judiciously considered with regard to the use of nonrenal medications.

5.
Food Chem ; 452: 139494, 2024 Sep 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38723566

RESUMO

This study explores the impact of postharvest storage temperatures (4 °C and 25 °C) on starch metabolism and textural attributes of glutinous lotus root. While starch metabolism is a well-known factor influencing texture, changes in powdery and sticky qualities have remained unexplored. Our research reveals that storing lotus roots at 4 °C delays water dissipation, amylopectin reduction, and the decline in textural elements such as hardness, adhesiveness, springiness, gumminess, and resilience. Lower temperatures postpone amylopectin reduction and sugar interconversion, thereby preserving the sticky texture. Additionally, they suppress starch formation, delay starch metabolism, and elevate the expression of genes involved in starch metabolism. The correlation between gene expression and root texture indicates the critical role of gene regulation in enzyme activity during storage. Overall, low-temperature storage extends lotus root preservation by regulating metabolite content, enzyme activities, and the corresponding genes involved in starch metabolism, preserving both intrinsic and external root quality.


Assuntos
Armazenamento de Alimentos , Nelumbo , Raízes de Plantas , Amido , Raízes de Plantas/metabolismo , Raízes de Plantas/química , Raízes de Plantas/genética , Amido/metabolismo , Amido/química , Nelumbo/química , Nelumbo/metabolismo , Nelumbo/genética , Temperatura , Amilopectina/metabolismo , Amilopectina/química , Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo , Proteínas de Plantas/genética
7.
Food Chem ; 447: 138952, 2024 Jul 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38461720

RESUMO

The edible coating is proved to be a convenient approach for fruit preservation. Among these published explorations, naturally sourced macromolecules and green crosslinking strategies gain attention. This work centers on edible coatings containing Ca2+ as crosslinker for the first time, delving into crosslinking mechanisms, include alginate, chitosan, Aloe vera gel, gums, etc. Additionally, the crucial functions of Ca2+ in fruit's quality control are also elaborated in-depth, involving cell wall, calmodulin, antioxidant, etc. Through a comprehensive review, it becomes evident that Ca2+ plays a dual role in fruit edible coating. Specifically, Ca2+ constructs a three-dimensional dense network structure with polymers through ionic bonding. Moreover, Ca2+ acts directly with cell wall to maintain fruit firmness and serve as a second messenger to participate secondary physiological metabolism. In brief, coatings containing Ca2+ present remarkable effects in preserving fruit and this work may provide guidance for Ca2+ related fruit preservation coatings.


Assuntos
Filmes Comestíveis , Conservação de Alimentos , Conservação de Alimentos/métodos , Cálcio/análise , Polímeros/análise , Frutas/química
8.
Public Health Rep ; 139(3): 301-308, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38298086

RESUMO

The World Trade Center (WTC) Health Program, a limited federal health care program for eligible people exposed to the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, expanded telemedicine services during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020-2021). We analyzed service use trends from January 2020 through December 2021 to describe how the program implemented telemedicine services. About three-quarters (75%) of telemedicine visits were for mental health-related services. In the second quarter of 2020 (April-June), the number of telemedicine visits per 1000 members (n = 367) increased, exceeding in-person visits (n = 152) by 1.4-fold. The number of telemedicine visits per 1000 members decreased gradually during the rest of the study period but still represented 38% of total visits by the end of 2021. Changes in telemedicine visits were offset by comparable changes for in-person visits, such that the rate of total visits was essentially constant during the study period. Multivariate logistic regression models showed differences in telemedicine visit rates by member type and by demographic characteristics. Survivor members (vs responder members), those self-identified as non-Hispanic Other races (vs non-Hispanic White), those with preferred language not English (vs preferred language English), and those not living in the New York metropolitan area (vs living in the New York metropolitan area) were less likely to use telemedicine. Implementing telemedicine services in the WTC Health Program during the COVID-19 pandemic underscored the importance of extensive collaboration among partners, the capacity to rapidly develop necessary technical guidance, and the flexibility to address frequent regulatory guidance updates in a timely fashion. These lessons learned may guide similar health care providers posed with time-sensitive disruptions of in-person services.

9.
Food Chem ; 445: 138646, 2024 Jul 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38382250

RESUMO

The impact of the simulated gastrointestinal digestion process on walnut protein and the potential anti-inflammatory properties of its metabolites was studied. Structural changes induced by digestion, notably in α-Helix, ß-Turn, and Random Coil configurations, were unveiled. Proteins over 10,000 Da significantly decreased by 35.6 %. Antioxidant activity in these metabolites paralleled increased amino acid content. Molecular docking identified three walnut polypeptides-IPAGTPVYLINR, FQGQLPR, and VVYVLR-with potent anti-inflammatory properties. RMSD and RMSF analysis demonstrated the stable and flexible interaction of these polypeptides with their target proteins. In lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in normal human colon mucosal epithelial NCM460 cells, these peptides decreased 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression, while mitigating cell apoptosis and inflammation. Our study offers valuable insights into walnut protein physiology, shedding light on its potential health benefits.


Assuntos
Juglans , Humanos , Juglans/química , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Peptídeos/química , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Anti-Inflamatórios/química , Inflamação/tratamento farmacológico , Digestão
10.
BMC Health Serv Res ; 23(1): 1323, 2023 Nov 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38037041

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The World Trade Center Health Program (Program) provides limited health care to those directly affected by the 9/11 terrorist attacks. Because of physical/mental trauma arising from the 9/11 attacks, Program members might be at high risk of opioid use. To prevent prescription opioid overuse, in 2018 the Program implemented various measures to improve opioid prescribing and expand access to non-opioid pain management among Program members. However, the characteristics of opioid prescriptions dispensed among this population has never been described. METHODS: Administrative and claims data from 07/01/2011 to 09/30/2022 were used to describe opioid prescriptions dispensed during 2013-2021. RESULTS: From 2013-2021, 108,285 members were Program-enrolled for ≥ 10 months, 4,053 (3.7%) had 22,938 outpatient opioid prescriptions, of which, 62.1% were for cancer-related pain, 11.1% for hospice/end of life care, 4.8% for surgery pain, and 9.8% for acute/chronic pain. Among members with Program-paid diagnostic/treatment claims (n = 70,721), the proportion with opioid prescriptions for cancer/hospice/end of life care increased from 0.5% in 2013 to 1.6% in 2018 (p = 0.010), then decreased to 1.1% in 2021 (p = 0.070), and the proportion for non-cancer surgery/acute/chronic pain decreased from 0.6% in 2013 to 0.23% in 2021 (p = 0.0005). Among members prescribed opioids without cancer/hospice/sickle cell disease, the proportion who started with long-acting opioids or had opioid prescriptions from ≥ 4 prescribers were below 6.5% annually; the proportion receiving a high-dose (≥ 90 morphine milligram equivalents per day [MED]), or with concurrent opioids and benzodiazepines use, or who started opioids with MED ≥ 50 or with long duration (≥ 7 days' supply) were above 10% annually, but decreased since 2017. CONCLUSIONS: Prevalence of outpatient opioid prescriptions paid by the Program was very low and prescriptions were primarily dispensed for cancer/hospice/end of life care. Although Program efforts to improve opioid prescribing coincided with improvements in outcomes, ongoing surveillance is needed.


Assuntos
Dor Crônica , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Opioides , Humanos , Analgésicos Opioides/uso terapêutico , Dor Crônica/tratamento farmacológico , Padrões de Prática Médica , Prescrições , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Opioides/tratamento farmacológico , Prescrições de Medicamentos
11.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci ; 64(14): 16, 2023 Nov 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37962530

RESUMO

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the role of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) c-Rel during acute corneal transplant rejection and whether targeting c-Rel can reduce corneal transplant rejection. Methods: Allogeneic corneal transplantation was performed in wild-type and c-Rel-deficient mice. Corneal graft survival rate, opacity, neovascularization, and edema were evaluated by slit-lamp microscopy. Adeno-associated virus 6 (AAV6) expressing c-Rel-specific small hairpin RNA (AAV6-shRel) and the small-molecule compound pentoxifylline (PTXF) were used to reduce c-Rel expression. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the expression of inflammatory cytokines. c-Rel expression was determined by quantitative RT-PCR and western blot. The effect of c-Rel inhibition on corneal transplant rejection was examined using a mouse model of acute allogeneic corneal transplantation. Tear production and corneal sensitivity were measured to determine the potential toxicity of AAV6-shRel and PTXF. Results: The expression of c-Rel and its inflammatory targets was increased in both mice and patients with corneal transplant rejection. Loss of c-Rel reduced corneal transplant rejection in mouse. Both AAV6-shRel and PTXF were able to downregulate the expression of c-Rel and its inflammatory targets in vitro. Treatment with AAV6-shRel or PTXF reduced corneal transplant rejection in mouse and downregulated the expression of inflammatory cytokines in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with corneal transplant rejection. Treatment with AAV6-shRel or PTXF displayed no side effects on tear production or corneal sensitivity. Conclusions: Increased expression of c-Rel is a risk factor for acute corneal transplant rejection, and targeting c-Rel can efficiently reduce corneal transplant rejection.


Assuntos
Transplante de Córnea , NF-kappa B , Humanos , Animais , Camundongos , Leucócitos Mononucleares , Córnea , Citocinas
12.
Food Res Int ; 173(Pt 2): 113357, 2023 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37803698

RESUMO

The effects of postharvest melatonin (MT) treatment on cuticular wax and cell wall metabolism in blueberry fruit (Vaccinium spp.) were evaluated. The results revealed that MT treatment maintained the cuticular wax rod-like structure and delayed wax degradation. The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis results revealed that MT application changed the cuticular wax composition in blueberries, and 25 metabolic components were screened. The metabolic regulation of wax quality in blueberry fruit may therefore be influenced by MT. Additionally, MT slowed down pectin and cellulose degradation by reducing the activities of cell wall degrading enzymes like pectin methyl esterase polygalacturonase, ß-galactosidase, and cellulose in the later stages of storage. It also downregulated the transcriptional expression of related genes like VcPE, VcPG, VcBG6, and VcGAL1. Thus, MT prevented softening and senescence by postponing the degradation of the cell wall in postharvest blueberry fruit.


Assuntos
Mirtilos Azuis (Planta) , Melatonina , Humanos , Mirtilos Azuis (Planta)/química , Melatonina/farmacologia , Melatonina/análise , Melatonina/metabolismo , Frutas/química , Tempo para o Tratamento , Pectinas/análise , Celulose/análise , Parede Celular/química
13.
Mol Med Rep ; 28(5)2023 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37711069

RESUMO

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disorder caused by the loss of tolerance to endogenous nuclear antigens such as double­stranded DNA, leading to the proliferation of T cells and subsequent activation of B cells, which results in serious organ damage and life­threatening complications such as lupus nephritis. Lupus nephritis (LN) develops as a frequent complication of SLE, accounting for >60% of SLE cases, and is characterized by proteinuria and heterogeneous histopathological findings. Glomerular injury serves a role in proteinuria as podocyte damage is the leading contributor. Numerous studies have reported that podocytes are involved in the immune response that promotes LN progression. In LN, immune complex deposition stimulates dendritic cells to secrete inflammatory cytokines that activate T cells and B cells. B cells secrete autoantibodies that attack and damage the renal podocytes, leading to renal podocyte injury. The injured podocytes trigger inflammatory cells through the expression of toll­like receptors and trigger T cells through major histocompatibility complexes and CD86, thereby participating in the local immune response and the exacerbation of podocyte injury. Based on the existing literature, the present review summarizes the research progress of podocytes in LN under the local immune microenvironment of the kidney, explores the mechanism of podocyte injury under the immune microenvironment, and evaluates podocytes as a potential therapeutic target for LN.


Assuntos
Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico , Nefrite Lúpica , Podócitos , Humanos , Rim , Proteinúria
14.
Plants (Basel) ; 12(18)2023 Sep 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37765354

RESUMO

Mountain ranges have been previously suggested to act as natural barriers to plant invasion due to extreme environmental conditions. However, how arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) affect invasion into these systems has been less explored. Here, we investigated how changes in AMF communities affect the performance of Galinsoga quadriradiata in mountain ranges. We performed a greenhouse experiment to study the impact of inoculations of AMF from different elevations on the performance and reproduction of invaders and how competition with native plants changes the effects of invader-AMF interactions. We found strong evidence for a nuanced role of AMF associations in the invasion trajectory of G. quadriradiata, with facilitative effects at low elevations and inhibitory effects at high elevations. Galinsoga quadriradiata performed best when grown with inoculum collected from the same elevation but performed worst when grown with inoculum collected from beyond its currently invaded range, suggesting that AMF communities can help deter invasion at high elevations. Finally, the invasive plants grown alone experienced negative effects from AMF, while those grown in competition experienced positive effects, regardless of the AMF source. This suggests that G. quadriradiata lowers its partnerships with AMF in stressful environments unless native plants are present, in which case it overpowers native plants to obtain AMF support during invasion. Finally, our results indicate that invader-AMF interactions can inhibit invasive range expansion at high elevations, and biotic interactions, in addition to harsh environmental conditions, make high-elevation mountain ranges natural barriers against continued invasion.

15.
Food Chem ; 429: 136905, 2023 Dec 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37487388

RESUMO

This study presents the extraction of cellulose from water bamboo byproducts to prepare polylactic acid (PLA)/cellulose antibacterial packaging material. The cellulose was modified using a silane coupling agent, which improved the interfacial compatibility between cellulose and PLA. Upon coating the PLA onto the modified cellulose sheet, the water contact angle of the composite material increased from 11.42° to 132.12° and the water absorption rate decreased from 182.52% to 55.71%, which improved the water resistance performance of the material. The addition of cinnamaldehyde in the PLA layer imparted antibacterial activity to the PLA/cellulose packaging material. This packaging material effectively inhibited the mycelial growth and spore germination of Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma harzianum isolated from shiitake mushroom. Additionally, the study investigated the effects of the composite on the postharvest quality of shiitake mushroom. Overall, the packaging material contributed to shiitake mushroom storage and can be applied to other perishable food products.


Assuntos
Cogumelos Shiitake , Poliésteres , Celulose , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Embalagem de Alimentos , Água
16.
Foods ; 12(14)2023 Jul 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37509735

RESUMO

Cuticular wax contributes to maintaining postharvest storage quality against fruit water loss and softening. Triterpenoids, such as oleanolic acid (OA) and ursolic acid (UA), are the main components in blueberry cuticular wax, but their role in water migration during the storage of blueberries remains to be determined. Here, we examined the relationship between the content of OA and UA and the storage quality of blueberry fruit (25 °C). The results revealed that the UA content during eight-day postharvest storage ranged from 58 to 77 µg cm-2, which was negatively related to weight loss. Additionally, we investigated the effect of exogenous OA and UA on water migration in the blueberry fruit during storage at room temperature; the weight loss was significantly lower (by 22%) with UA treatment than in the control fruit. Our findings indicate that OA and UA effectively affect water migration in blueberry fruit during postharvest storage, which could contribute to improving postharvest preservation techniques.

17.
Int J Biol Macromol ; 246: 125425, 2023 Aug 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37330078

RESUMO

Fresh mushrooms (Flammulina velutipes) are very perishable and easily brown; also they undergo postharvest loss of nutritive constituents. In this study, cinnamaldehyde (CA) emulsion was prepared by using soybean phospholipids (SP) as emulsifier and pullulan (Pul) as stabilizer. The effect of emulsion on the quality of mushroom during storage was also studied. The experimental results indicated that the emulsion obtained by adding 6 % pullulan was found to the most uniform and stable, which is beneficial to its application. Emulsion coating maintained the storage quality of Flammulina velutipes. The incorporation of CA emulsion into the coating system showed a positive effect on inhibiting the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, resulting from improving the effectiveness of delaying active free radical scavenging enzymes. The shelf life of mushrooms coated with emulsion was significantly prolonged, which indicates its potential application in food preservation.


Assuntos
Agaricales , Flammulina , Glycine max , Emulsões , Lecitinas
18.
Food Chem ; 427: 136700, 2023 Nov 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37356268

RESUMO

The effect of oxyresveratrol on postharvest quality and membrane lipid metabolism of shiitake mushroom was investigated. The result exhibited that oxyresveratrol retarded browning, maintained firmness and alleviated occurrence of decay of shiitake mushroom. The oxidation and hydrolysis of membrane phospholipids were suppressed by oxyresveratrol treatment, which was associated with reduced LOX and PLD activities and increased SOD and CAT activities. The membrane lipidomics of shiitake mushroom was determined by LC-MS. 385 lipid species and 13 fatty acids in membrane lipids were identified by multiple reaction monitoring method. Compared with control group, the phospholipic acid and lysophospholipid reduced by 29.24% and 21.29% in oxyresveratrol-treated group, respectively, which alleviated hydrolysis of phospholipid. Meanwhile, oxyresveratrol maintained the unsaturation of fatty acids and alleviated oxidation of phospholipid. These results demonstrated that oxyresveratrol could play a dual role of inhibiting the oxidation and hydrolysis of phospholipids to mitigate cellular damage of shiitake mushroom.


Assuntos
Cogumelos Shiitake , Cogumelos Shiitake/metabolismo , Metabolismo dos Lipídeos , Oxirredução , Fosfolipídeos/metabolismo
19.
Food Chem ; 415: 135753, 2023 Jul 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36870211

RESUMO

Cuticular wax has been reported to play an essential role in resisting pathogens in various fruits. This study investigated the antifungal ability of the components in blueberry cuticular wax. We showed that the cuticular wax of blueberry inhibited the growth of Botrytis cinerea and ursolic acid (UA) was the key antifungal compound. UA inhibited B. cinerea growth in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, UA increased extracellular conductivity and cellular leakage in B. cinerea, deformed the mycelial morphology, and destroyed cell ultrastructure. We also demonstrated that UA stimulated the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inactivated ROS scavenging enzymes. These results indicate that UA may exert antifungal effects against B. cinerea by disrupting cell membrane integrity. Thus, UA has significant potential as an agent for the control of gray mold in blueberry.


Assuntos
Mirtilos Azuis (Planta) , Triterpenos , Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/farmacologia , Membrana Celular , Botrytis , Triterpenos/farmacologia , Doenças das Plantas/microbiologia , Ácido Ursólico
20.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr ; : 1-15, 2023 Mar 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36908217

RESUMO

Zizania latifolia is an aquatic and medicinal plant with a long history of development in China and the East Asian region. The smut fungus "Ustilago esculenta" parasitizes Z. latifolia and induces culm expansion to form a vegetable named Jiaobai, which has a unique taste and nutritional attributes. However, the postharvest quality of water bamboo shoots is still a big challenge for farmers and merchants. This paper traced the origin, development process, and morphological characteristics of Z. latifolia. Subsequently, the compilation of the primary nutrients and bioactive substances are presented in context to their effects on ecology a postharvest storage and preservation methods. Furthermore, the industrial, environmental, and material science applications of Z. latifolia in the fields of industry were discussed. Finally, the primary objective of the review proposes future directions for research to support the development of Z. latifolia industry and aid in maximizing its value. To sum up, Z. latifolia, aside from its potential as material it can be utilized to make different productions and improve the existing applications. This paper provides an emerging strategy for researchers undertaking Z. latifolia.

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