[Relationship between plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 gene 4G/5G polymorphism and type 2 diabetic nephropathy in Chinese Han patients in Guangdong Province].

OBJECTIVE: To understand the association between plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) gene 4G/5G polymorphism and type 2 diabetic nephropathy (DN) in Chinese Han patients in Guangdong Province. METHODS: PAI-1 gene 4G/5G polymorphism was analyzed in 26 normal individuals, 77 patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy and 70 type 2 diabetic patients without nephropathy (DNN) by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. RESULTS: The 4G/4G genotype frequencies of PAI-1 gene were higher in DN than in DNN patients (0.390 vs 0.171, chi(2)=13.008, P<0.01), with the odds ratio (OR) of 1.447 (95% confidence interval: 0.533-3.934, P<0.05) in comparison with 5G/5G genotypes between the 2 patient groups. The 4G allele frequencies of PAI-1 gene were similar in DN and DNN groups (0.57 vs 0.51, chi(2)=1.22, P>0.05). CONCLUSION: The PAI-1 4G/4G genotype is associated with increased risk for type 2 DN the Chinese Han population in Guangdong Province, and type 2 diabetic patients with 4G/4G PAI-1 genotype are more likely to develop DN than those with 5G/5G PAI-1 genotype.

[Association of angiotensinogen gene polymorphism with hypertension in type 2 diabetic patients].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between angiotensinogen (AGT) gene polymorphism and hypertension in type 2 diabetic patients. METHODS: A total of 240 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were divided into normotensive and hypertensive groups according to their blood pressure measurement, and their fasting plasma glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein and very-low-density lipoprotein were measured. The AGT genotypes were detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). RESULTS: The distributions of AGT genotypes in normotensive and hypertensive groups were similar, and the frequency of M allele in female hypertensive patients was significantly higher than that in female normotensive patients. CONCLUSION: The M allele of AGT gene is probably related to hypertension in female type 2 diabetic patients.

[Serum uric acid in type 2 diabetic patients complicated by stroke].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association of hyperuricemia with the incidence of stroke in type 2 diabetic patients. METHODS: Sixty type 2 diabetic patients with stroke, 75 patients with simple stoke and 67 simple type 2 diabetic patients were randomly selected from the hospitalized patients. The serum levels of uric acid (UA), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL), very-low-density lipoproteincholesterol (VLDL) and high-density lipoprotein- cholesterol (HDL) of all the patients were determined and comparison between the groups performed. RESULTS: Male type 2 diabetic patients with stroke had significantly higher mean levels of serum uric acid than simple diabetic patients, but such patients of both genders all had lower HDL levels. CONCLUSION: The decreased serum HDL level poses as an important risk factor for stroke in all type 2 diabetic patients, among whom the male patients in particular have hyperuricemia as another important risk factor for stroke.