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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of bevacizumab, apatinib, and recombinant human endothelial inhibitor in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer. METHODS: The medical data of 204 patients with a medium to advanced gastric cancer assessed for eligibility treated in our hospital from February 2019 to April 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The eligible patients were assigned at a ratio of 1 : 1:1 : 1 to either the control group (chemotherapy), study group I (bevacizumab combined with chemotherapy), study group II (apatinib combined with chemotherapy), or study group III (recombinant human endothelial inhibitor combined with chemotherapy) according to different treatment methods. The treatment efficacy, drug toxicity, quality of life, and serum tumor marker levels before and after treatment were compared among the four groups. RESULTS: Regarding the treatment effects, the effective rate of study group II (68.63%) was significantly higher than that of the control group (33.33%), study group I (58.82%), and study group III (49.02%) (P < 0.05). The four groups showed similar safety and tolerability profiles (P > 0.05). The treatment in study group II led to a significantly higher physiological function score vs. the other three groups, but the scores of other items were not significantly different. Significant reduction was observed in the serum tumor markers after treatment in the four groups (P < 0.05), but treatment in study group II led to a significantly greater reduction than the other three groups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The addition of apatinib, bevacizumab, and recombinant human endothelial inhibitor injection to chemotherapy for the treatment of medium to advanced gastric cancer can significantly improve the clinical treatment efficacy, among which the use of apatinib combined with chemotherapy achieves the best results, which is worthy of clinical promotion.
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BACKGROUND: The previous investigations have identified that long non-coding RNA (lncRNAs) act as crucial regulators in gastric carcinoma. However, the function of lncRNA MIR4435-2HG in the modulation of gastric carcinoma remains elusive. Here, we aimed to explore the role of MIR4435-2HG in gastric carcinoma. METHOD: The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) were applied to select the differently expressed lncRNAs in gastric carcinoma. The qRT-PCR was applied to analyze MIR4435-2HG expression in carcinoma tissues and cell lines. The effect of MIR4435-2HG on proliferation, invasion, migration, and apoptosis of gastric carcinoma cells was detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assays, transwell assays, and flow cytometry in vitro. A subcutaneous tumor model was constructed to examine the tumor growth of gastric carcinoma cells after knocking out MIR4435-2HG. RNA immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporting assays were applied to evaluate the interaction of MIR4435-2HG, miR-138-5p, and Sox4. RESULTS: The bioinformatics analysis based on TCGA and GEO databases indicated that MIR4435-2HG was obviously elevated in gastric carcinoma samples. The qRT-PCR analysis revealed that MIR4435-2HG was upregulated in clinical gastric carcinoma tissues and cells. The high expression of MIR4435-2HG is associated with the poor survival rate of patients. The knockout of MIR4435-2HG could repress the proliferation, invasion, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and accelerate the apoptosis of gastric carcinoma cells. Moreover, the deletion of MIR4435-2HG was able to attenuate the tumor growth in vivo. Mechanically, we identified that MIR4435-2HG enhanced Sox4 expression by directly interacting with miR-138-5p as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) in gastric carcinoma cells, in which Sox4 was targeted by miR-138-5p. CONCLUSION: MIR4435-2HG is elevated in gastric carcinoma cells and contributes to the growth, metastasis, and EMT of gastric carcinoma cells by targeting miR-138-5p/Sox4 axis. MIR4435-2HG may be applied as a potential therapeutic target in gastric carcinoma.
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Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma with invasion of the liver is an invariably fatal disease. We aimed to clarify the characteristics of malignant peritoneal mesothelioma cases with liver involvement. The clinical presentation, computed tomography images, and immunohistochemical and histopathological features of 5 patients with malignant peritoneal mesothelioma and liver involvement were evaluated. The diagnosis was established by imaging and immune profiles of the tumours. A review of 8 cases with primary or invading malignant mesothelioma in liver is presented. All 5 mesothelioma cases were asbestos-related. CT images of malignant peritoneal mesothelioma with the liver involvement typically showed that the lesion grew inside the liver along the capsule and was possibly accompanied by capsule breakthrough and extrahepatic infiltration. The tumours exhibited a common epithelioid appearance in all 5 patients and most cases revealed positive Cal, CK, and MC with negative CEA and HeP. Different from our findings, the review of literature revealed that most malignant mesothelioma of liver was due to primary intrahepatic malignant mesothelioma. Finally, we concluded that the diagnosis of malignant peritoneal mesothelioma cases with liver invasion is reliably achieved by the history of asbestos exposure, the characteristic CT imaging, and immune profiles of the tumours.
