Automated Breast Ultrasound: Interobserver Agreement,Diagnostic Value, and Associated Clinical Factors ofCoronal-Plane Image Features

Objective@#To evaluate the interobserver agreement, diagnostic value, and associated clinical factors of automated breastultrasound (ABUS) coronal features in differentiating breast lesions. @*Materials and Methods@#This study enrolled 457 pathologically confirmed lesions in 387 female (age, 46.4 ± 10.3 years),including 377 masses and 80 non-mass lesions (NMLs). The unique coronal features, including retraction phenomenon,hyper- or hypoechoic rim (continuous or discontinuous), skipping sign, and white wall sign, were defined and recorded. Theinterobserver agreement on image type and coronal features was evaluated. Furthermore, clinical factors, including the lesionsize, distance to the nipple or skin, palpability, and the histological grade were analyzed. @*Results@#Among the 457 lesions, 296 were malignant and 161 were benign. The overall interobserver agreement for imagetype and all coronal features was moderate to good. For masses, the retraction phenomenon was significantly associated withmalignancies (p < 0.001) and more frequently presented in small and superficial invasive carcinomas with a low histologicalgrade (p = 0.027, 0.002, and < 0.001, respectively). Furthermore, continuous hyper- or hypoechoic rims were predictive ofbenign masses (p < 0.001), whereas discontinuous rims were predictive of malignancies (p < 0.001). A hyperechoic rim wasmore commonly detected in masses more distant from the nipple (p = 0.027), and a hypoechoic rim was more frequently foundin large superficial masses (p < 0.001 for both). For NMLs, the skipping sign was a predictor of malignancies (p = 0.040). @*Conclusion@#The coronal plane of ABUS may provide useful diagnostic value for breast lesions.

Efficacy comparison of different hysteroscopic surgical procedures in treatment of endometrial polyps / 实用医学杂志

Objective To compare the efficacy of different hysteroscopic surgical procedures in the treatment of endometrial polyps. Methods Ninety-two patients with endometrial polyps from January 2016 to December 2017 were selected. Among them, 37 patients with fertility requirements underwent polypectomy with MyoSure as group A; 25 patients without fertility requirements underwent polypectomy with resectoscopic hysteroscopy as group B, and 30 patients underwent polypectomy with hysterosopy and curettage as group C. The duration of the procedure, blood loss and hospital stays, effective rate, recurrence rate and postoperative pregnancy rate of the3 groups were compared. Results There was no significant difference in intraoperative blood loss and hospital stays among the 3 groups (P> 0.05). The duration of the procedure of group A and B was longer than that of group C, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The effective rate of treatment was high in all 3 groups, and inter-group comparison indicated no statistically significant difference, but the recurrence rate of group C was significantly higher than that of group A and B. For those with fertility requirements, the pregnancy rate in group A was slightly higher than that in group C within one year after surgery, but the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion Hysteroscopic procedures of endometrial polypectomy has the advantages of accuracy, safety, effectiveness and rapid recovery. The treatment with MyoSure and resectoscopic hysteroscopy can reduce the recurrence rate of patients effectively. For women with fertility requirements, the treatment with MyoSure can protect the endometrium and improve the postoperative pregnancy rate.

Biological Titer Determination of Traditional She Medicine-Gardeniae Radix / 中国药师

Objective: To study the antimicrobial effectiveness against traditional She medicine-Gardeniae Radix and determine the titer of Gardeniae Radix.Methods: The antibacterial activity of five standard strains(Escherichia coli , Staphylococcus aureus , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger)was investigated.A method for the biological value evaluation of Gardeniae Radix was established by using a turbidity method, and compared with the content of chikusetsu saponin Ⅳa determined by HPLC.Results: The sensitivity of Gardeniae Radix to Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was high.The recovery of the turbidity method was within the range of 90%-110%, and the reliability limit rate was less than 5%.The content of chikusetsu saponin Ⅳa in Gardeniae Radix was not completely consistent with the result of the bioassay method.Conclusion: The bioassay method established in the experiment can be one of the methods for the quality evaluation of Gardeniae Radix.

Therapeutic effect of DC-CIK cells combined with S-1 in the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer / 国际生物医学工程杂志

Objective To observe the clinical effect of DC-CIK cells combined with S-1 in the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer.Methods 76 patients with non-small-cell lung cancer were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group on average.The control group was treated with S-1,and the observation group was treated with DC-CIK cells combined with S-1.For the observation group,the peripheral venous blood was collected before the treatment for DC cells and CIK cells cultivation.The expression of CD4+/CD8+,CD4+ and NK cells in the peripheral blood of the two groups was detected by flow cytometry before the treatment and after one week of the treatments.Besides,the number of white blood cells and platelet count were also measured and the symptoms of non-small-cell lung cancer were observed.Results The percentage of CD4+/CD8+,CD4+ and NK cells in the peripheral blood of the observation group after the treatment was (1.65±1.03),(34.56±8.90) and (18.68±7.98),respectively,which was significantly higher than (1.32±0.70),(29.07±7.15) and (15.28±8.23) in the control group (all P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the percentage of CD8+ cells between the observation group (25.56± 8.90) and the control group (26.64±6.77) (P＞0.05).The vomiting,leukopenia and thrombocytopenia in the observation group were less than those in the control group (all P＜0.05).The one-year survival rate was 52.63％ in the observation group which was significant higher than 42.11％ in the control group (P＜0.05).Conclusions DC-CIK cells combined with S-1 is a safe and effective treatment for non-small-cell lung cancer,which can effectively improve the clinical efficacy and prolong the survival time of patients.

Mutation analysis of GJB2, GJB3 and GJB6 gene in deaf population from special educational school of Chifeng city / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the genetic causes of nonsyndromic deaf patients in special educational school of Chifeng city. Inner Mongolia by genetic screening testing method. This study focused on analyzing mutations of coding sequence of GJB2, GJB3 and GJB6 gene.@*METHOD@#DNA were extracted out from peripheral blood of 134 nonsyndromic deaf probands of Chifeng special educational school and 100 normal hearing controls in northern China. First, GJB2 gene mutation was analyzed by direct sequencing for its only exon in the open reading frame. Individuals found with heterozygous GJB2 mutation were given further testing for GJB6 del(GJB6-D13S1830) and direct sequencing for its exon. In 91 probands with unknown genetic cause (excluding probands who carried mtDNA A1555G mutation and GJB2 gene bi allele mutation and probands who were diagnosed as enlarged vestibular aqueduct by temporal CT), GJB3 gene mutation was analyzed by direct sequencing for its exon.@*RESULT@#The sequencing results revealed that forty-one cases carried GJB2 mutation. of which twenty-two were homozygous or compound heterozygous and nineteen were heterozygous. Further testing for GJB6 del(GJB6-D13S1830) and analysis of its coding sequence in GJB2 heterozygous cases showed no positive result. Four subjects in control group carried pathogenetic mutation of GJB2 gene. Six types of novel variants of GJB2 gene were detected. Of the 91 deaf probands with unknown etiology. two probands were found carrying heterozygous pathogenetic mutation of GJB3 gene. one of whom also carried GJB2 235delC heterozygous mutation. One subjects in the control group carried pathogenetic mutation of GJB3 gene. Three types of novel variants of GJB3 gene were found.@*CONCLUSION@#By screening GJB2.GJB3 and GJB6 gene, we found 32.1% probands carrying GJB2, GJB3, and GJB6 mutations and we are able to determine genetic cause related to these three genes from one family for 16.42 percent of nonsyndromic deaf probands in special educational school of Chifeng city. The discovery of novel variants of GJB2 and GJB3 gene makes the mutational and polymorphic spectrum more plentiful in Chinese population.

Genotypic and phenotypic analysis of SLC26A4 gene in deaf patients of Chifeng area by whole gene sequencing strategy / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

OBJECTIVE To investigate the genetic causes of deaf patients in a special educational school of Chifeng city, Inner Mongolia by SLC26A4 whole gene sequencing. This study focused on analyzing mutations of coding sequence of SLC26A4 gene and their relevant phenotype. METHODS DNA were extracted from peripheral blood of 134 deaf patients of Chifeng special educational school and 100 normal hearing controls in Northern China. SLC26A4 gene mutation was analyzed by direct sequencing for its 20 coding exons. All individuals found with SLC26A4 mutation were given temporal bone CT scan, and those with confirmed enlarged vestibular aqueduct and/or other malformation of inner ear were then given further ultrasound scan of thyroid and thyroid hormone assays. RESULTS The sequencing results revealed 32 cases carried SLC26A4 mutation. Twenty-nine cases underwent temporal bone CT scan. Twentycases were confirmed to have malformation of inner ear by CT scan (eighteen were EVA, one was EVA and other inner ear malformation and one was Mondini Syndrome). The shape and function of thyroid were confirmed to be normal by ultrasound scan of thyroid and thyroid hormone assays in nineteen of these 20 patients except one who had cystoid change in the right side of thyroid. Twelve types of novel variants of SLC26A4 gene were found. CONCLUSION Byscreening SLC26A4 gene coupled with temporal bone CT scan ,we could determine genetic cause related to this gene up to 14.93 % of deaf patients in special educational school of Chifeng city. SLC26A4 is another common gene besides GJB2 that cause deafness in this area. The discovery of novel variants of SLC26A4 gene makes the mutational and polymorphic spectrum more plentiful in Chinese population.