Modulation of allergic response by gene-environment interaction: olive pollen allergy.

This article summarizes the most important advances of recent years in the field of gene-environment interaction in allergic response. It specifically examines sensitization to olive pollen as an example of one of the main causes of allergic disease in the Mediterranean area. The presence of at least 20 proteins with allergic activity has been demonstrated in olive pollen, and 10 of these have been characterized (Ole e 1 to Ole e 10). Ole e 1, which is considered to be the majority allergen (causing sensitization in more than 70% of patients), has been the subject of many studies looking for risk factors and ways to protect against sensitization. Markers of the major histocompatibility complex and other genetic loci associated with the allergic response have been analyzed using population-based, family-based, and functional approaches, which have revealed the involvement of genetic regulation in this type of response. Furthermore, evaluation of environmental factors and their relationship with genetic factors is essential when attempting to understand this type of disease. In this review, we provide examples of how exposure to high doses of olive pollen allergen in a specific genetic context can trigger different allergic conditions (from asthma to nonresponse). We stress the importance of evaluating these factors in order to modulate this response correctly.

Ole e 2 and Ole e 10: new clinical aspects and genetic restrictions in olive pollen allergy.

BACKGROUND: The clinical characteristics in olive pollen allergy are dependent on the antigenic load, the allergens profile, and the genetic restrictions. Our objective was to determine specific response pattern in Ole e 2 and Ole e 10 sensitization at those levels. METHODS: We studied 146 patients with seasonal rhinitis and/or asthma and positive prick test to Olea europaea pollen. IgE against Ole e 2 and Ole e 10 were detected by skin prick test and ELISA. HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQB1 loci were typed by polymerase chain reaction sequence-specific primers method. RESULTS: A total of 102 (69.9%) and 79 (54.0%) patients showed significant IgE antibody response against Ole e 2 and Ole e 10, respectively. There was a significant association between Ole e 2 (OR 2.2, P = 0.04) and Ole e 10 reactivities (OR 2.8, P = 0.007) with asthma. In addition, total and specific IgE antibody levels significantly correlated with asthma (P < 0.05). Patients who reacted to both allergens reached the highest asthma risk factor (OR 4.3, P = 0.002). Phenotypic frequency of DR7 (OR 5.4, Pc = 0.003) and DQ2 (OR 3.6, Pc = 0.02) were increased in positive Ole e 2 patients compared with control subjects. DR2(15) phenotypic frequency was significantly increased (OR 5.6, Pc = 0.02) in positive Ole e 10 patients compared with control subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest an association of Ole e 2 and Ole e 10 with bronchial asthma. Also, we found a genetic control of Ole e 2 and Ole e 10 IgE-specific responses that could be relevant to clinical disease in olive pollen allergy.

Microdrop: dispensador automático de muestras y reactivas / Microdrop: automatic sample dispenser and reactive

The dispenser Microdrop is a laboratory work station for bioanalytical laboratories. The workstation combines into a single programmable system the capability of performing automatic transfer of liquid samples between of a plurality of receptacles...

Alteraciones microangiopáticas gingivales en un grupo de pacientes diabéticos. Siguiendo un método cualitativo de medición / Gingival microangiopathic changes in a group of diabetics according to a qualitative measurement method

Se estudió la encía adyacente a premolares del maxilar o la mandíbula de pacientes diabéticos, con el objetivo de determinar la presencia o no de lesiones vasculares. Se realizaron biopsias en 80 pacientes diabéticos clínicos y 20 supuestamente no diabéticos. El material fijado en formol neutro al 10 porciento se incluyó en parafina, según la técnica convencional de 3 a 4 micras de espesor al que se le realizó coloraciones del ácido periódico de Shiff. De los 80 pacientes diabéticos estudiados utilizando el método cualitativo de medición de los vasos, 42 biopsias resultaron positivas y 33 indeterminadas. Mientras que en el grupo control ninguna biopsia resultó positiva y 4 correspondieron al tipo indeterminado(AU)

Alteraciones microangiopáticas gingivales en un grupo de pacientes diabéticos, siguiendo un método cuantitativo de medición / Gingival microangiopathic changes in a group of diabetics according to a quantitative measurement procedure

Se estudió la mucosa bucal de pacientes diabéticos, especialmente la encía vestivular del sector premolar maxilar o mandibular, para determinar la presencia de lesiones vasculares, o no, utilizando un método cuantitativo de medición. Se realizaron biopsias a 80 pacientes diabéticos clínicos y 20 supuestamente no diabéticos. Se plantea que de los pacientes diabéticos de la serie estudiada, 68 presentaron alteraciones vasculares caracterizadas por engrosamiento de la pared vascular y depósito de sustancias PAS positiva. En el grupo control 16 biopsias resultaron positivas(AU)

Reinserción parodontal después del colgajo desplazado lateralmente, para el tratamiento de recesiones gingivales localizadas / Periodontal reinsertion after the lateral displacement of the flap in the treatment of localized gingival recessions

Se presenta, en este estudio, los resultados del ensayo de la reinserción parodontal después del colgajo desplazado lateralmente, realizados en 18 pacientes afectos de recesiones gingivales localizadas. Estos fueron clasificados en: buenos, cuando se logró el 50 porciento al 100 porciento de reinserción en el diente receptor a los 90 días de la intervención quirúrgica, y malos, cuando se logró menos del 50 porciento de reinserción en el receptor a los 90 días de la intervención. En este trabajo se señala que a los 90 días, la reinserción del tejido gingival a la superficie radicular en el diente receptor fue buena en el 100 porciento de los casos. Las modificaciones sufrieron los milímetros de reinserción que se deseaban lograr y los logrados, fueron significativas(AU)

[Immunofluorescent demonstration of the 3d component of complement in alveolar pyorrhea]. / Immunofliuorestsentnoe vyiavlenie tret'ego komponenta komplementa pri al'veoliarnoi pioree.

Biopsy material of the gingiva obtained from 15 patients with alveolar pyorrhea and 5 persons comprising a control group at the age of 20 to 40 years were investigated by direct immunofluorescent method with the use of labeled fluorescein-isothiocyanatoms of rabbit antisera against IgG and C3 (the third component of compliment) of man, as well as histologically. Clinically, the degree of severity of the lesion was determined by the Russell's index (1956): 0--healthy persons (25%), 1--moderate gingivitis (5%), 2--gingivitis (10%), 6--parodontitis (55%), 8--severe parodontitis (5%). Histologically, mild, moderate, and severe forms of alveolar pyorrhea were singled out. The mild degree of lesion was noted in 30%, moderate--in 15%, and severe--in 45% of patients. The mild form corresponded to 0, 1, and 2, and the severe form--to 6 and 8 according to the Russell's index. In all observations, control including, the presence of IgG in cells of the connective tissue and inside the epithelium was noted. Positive reaction to C3 was observed only in diseased persons, being most pronounced in severe forms of histopathological changes and maximal clinical manifestations.