Treatment Outcomes of Endovascular Embolization Only in Patients with Unruptured Brain Arteriovenous Malformations: A Subgroup Analysis of ARUBA (A Randomized Trial of Unruptured Brain Arteriovenous Malformations).

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Endovascular embolization only has been advocated for treatment of brain arteriovenous malformations in recent trials. Our aim was to evaluate the results of embolization only in a cohort of patients who were enrolled in the A Randomized Trial of Unruptured Brain Arteriovenous Malformations (ARUBA) study at 39 clinical sites in 9 countries. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed the rates and severity of stroke and death in patients who underwent embolization only. Events were identified through in-person neurologic follow-up visits performed at 6-month intervals during the first 2 years and annually, with telephone contact every 6 months thereafter. All event-related data were reviewed by independent adjudicators. RESULTS: Among 30 patients who had embolization planned, 26 underwent embolization only. A total of 13 stroke events were reported in the follow-up period among 26 subjects (ischemic, hemorrhagic, or both in 4, 7, and 2 subjects, respectively). The adverse event occurred after the first embolization in 11 of 13 patients. One patient had a major motor deficit, and 2 patients developed major visual field deficits. One event was fatal. The modified Rankin Scale score was 0-2 at last follow-up in 11 of the 12 stroke survivors. Estimated stroke-free survival was 46% at 12 months. CONCLUSIONS: Although the rates of stroke and/or death were high in patients treated with embolization only in ARUBA, the rates of favorable outcomes following stroke were high during follow-up.

[Cerebral structural characteristics in children with unilateral amblyopia: a MRI study]. / Strukturnye osobennosti golovnogo mozga rebenka pri odnostoronnei ambliopii: MRT-issledovanie.

AIM: To study the mechanism of the development of amblyopia using the analysis of brain grey matter parameters. The areas primarily associated with visual cortex in children with amblyopia were analyzed. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study group comprised 8 right-handed children with left-sided amblyopia. MRI images were obtained by 1.5T Toshiba scanner with 3D MP-RAGE. T1-images were processed with FreeSurfer (5.3.0 version, http://surfer.nmr.mgh.harvard.edu/). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: No significant interhemisphere differences by cortical thickness were identified in all tested regions of interest. In correlation analysis, only the positive correlation between visual acuity in the left eye and cortical thickness in the left pericalcarine as well as the positive correlation between visual acuity in the left eye and cortical thickness in the left V1 area obtained using another anatomical atlas survived multiple comparison correction. The findings support the hypothesis that pathological ontogenetic processes in children with amblyopia lead to the structural abnormalities of the primary visual cortex.

Macroscopic evidence for Abrikosov-type magnetic vortexes in MnSi A-phase.

Intrinsic phase coherence between individual topologically stable knots in spin arrangement - skyrmions - is known to induce the crystalline-like structure in the A-phase of non-centrosymmetric MnSi with chiral spin-orbit interaction. Here we report the experimental evidence for two types of the skyrmion lattice (SL) inside the A-phase of MnSi, which are distinguished by different coupling to the anisotropic magnetic interactions. The transition between these SLs is shown to induce a change in magnetic scattering between isotropic MR discovered in the area inside the A-phase (the A-phase core) and anisotropic MR found on the border of the A-phase. We argue that the SL in the A-phase core corresponds to the dense skyrmion state built from individual skyrmions in a way similar to Abrikosov-type magnetic vortexes.

Scrutinizing Hall Effect in Mn_{1-x}Fe_{x}Si: Fermi Surface Evolution and Hidden Quantum Criticality.

Separating between the ordinary Hall effect and anomalous Hall effect in the paramagnetic phase of Mn_{1-x}Fe_{x}Si reveals an ordinary Hall effect sign inversion associated with the hidden quantum critical (QC) point x^{*}∼0.11. The effective hole doping at intermediate Fe content leads to verifiable predictions in the field of fermiology, magnetic interactions, and QC phenomena in Mn_{1-x}Fe_{x}Si. The change of electron and hole concentrations is considered as a "driving force" for tuning the QC regime in Mn_{1-x}Fe_{x}Si via modifying the Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida exchange interaction within the Heisenberg model of magnetism.

[Impact of the method choice and the extent of correction on the development of visual evoked potentials in children and adolescents with refractive anomalies].

The article discusses a possible impact of different refraction correction methods, providing full or partial correction, on visual acuity and the development of visual evoked potentials in children and adolescents with myopia and myopic astigmatism. The accuracy of identification of visual evoked potentials depends, as shown in the article, on the extent of the correction chosen and the method used. In childhood the visual system is very susceptible to visual afferent deficit. The permanent deficit of visual information impedes further maturation of the visual analyzer, i.e. the development of central vision, binocular vision, and stereopsis. In high myopia it is important to decide not only on the extent of the correction but also on the method to use. In patients wearing soft contact lenses the visual evoked potentials have more regular shape, amplitude, and latency. The introduction of silicone hydrogel and daily disposal contact lenses, spherical and toric (for astigmatism correction), provided an opportunity to solve hygienic problems associated with contact lens use in children and adolescents and to decrease the risk of hypoxia complications.

[The comparative study on the efficacy of the combination of serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressants and antipsychotics in the treatment of recurrent depressive disorders].

A combination of serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressants (prozac and stimulaton) with atypical antipsychotics (zyprexa and solian) reduced depression in patients with recurrent depressive disorders during 10 days. The effect was evenly distributed between 10, 20 and 40 days of treatment. Other symptoms had a peculiar dynamics depending on the therapy. By the end of the study, similar effects were achieved for all groups. The addition of antipsychotics to antidepressant treatment insignificantly increased the number of adverse events.

Conjugates of boron clusters with derivatives of natural chlorin and bacteriochlorin.

Conjugates of bacteriochlorin p and chlorin e(6) with cobalt bis(dicarbollide) anion [3,3'-Co(1,2-C(2)B(9)H(11))(2)](-) were synthesized using different synthetic approaches. The boronated bacteriochlorin p was prepared by reaction of bacteriochlorin N-amino cycloimide with, bis(dicarbollide)-based carboxylic acid. The boronated chlorin e(6) conjugates were obtained by both "click reaction" of containing alkyne group chlorine with azide derivative of cobaltacarborane and reaction of chorin-based amines with cyclic oxonium derivative of cobalt bis(dicarbollide).

[Irrigation therapy as a method of intensive care of ophthalmopathology in the posterior eye segment in children].

Presented in the paper are data of a comparative analysis of efficiency of different methods of administration of drugs in neuritis and partial atrophy of the optic nerve. New techniques of application and fixation of irrigation systems in the retrobulbar and Tenon's space are described. Experimental and clinical data proving advantages of the new method of administration of drugs by an automatic pulse doser in the treatment of inflammatory diseases of the optic nerve are represented. The use of such intensive intermittent technique of administration of drugs in Tenon's space performed at the preliminary stage before electrostimulation of the optic nerve made the procedure by far more effective and ensured better treatment results.

[Galactomannan from ambiguous Crazyweed (Oxytropis ambigua (Pall) DC)]. / Galaktomannan ostrolodochnika skhodnogo (Oxytrophis ambigua (Pall) DC).

A galactomannan with a molecular weight of 735 kDa was first isolated and purified from seeds of ambiguous crazyweed Oxytropis ambigua (Pall) DC. (family Leguminosae) with a yield of 3.6%. Its aqueous solutions displayed an optical activity ([alpha]D = 73.32 degrees) and high viscosity ([eta] = 644 ml g-1). Chemical analysis and 13C-NMR spectroscopy revealed the presence in the heteropolysaccharide of D-mannopyranose and D-glucopyranose at a molar ratio of 1.39:1. The linear backbone of its macromolecule consists of 1.4-beta-D-mannopyranose residues. Single beta-D-galactose residues substitute 72% of mannoses to form branches.

[Cerebrolysin in the treatment of partial optic atrophy in children]. / Tserebrolizin v lechenii chastichnykh atrofii zritel'nogo nerva u detei.

The purpose of the trial was to investigate efficacy of cerebrolysin in children with partial optic atrophy and to compare different ways of injections of the drug. Cerebrolysin was injected in retrobulbar space and in Tenon's space. The drug was given separately and in combination with trental. Favorable effect has been achieved in all the patients treated with cerebrolysin injections in Tenon's space. In patients treated with retrobulbar injections of cerebrolysin and with injections of cerebrolysin and trental improvement occurred in 50% of cases. In control group, who did not receive cerebrolysin favorable results were achieved in 25% of patients. A 12-month follow-up study stated stability of the effect of cerebrolysin.

[Effect of decis combined with radiation on skin tropism]. / Vliianie detsisa na trofiku kozhi pri ego sochetannom deistvii s radiatsiei.

Combined influence of detsius, sodium nitrate, total x-irradiation, and radon inhalations on rat skin was investigated. Preliminary irradiation of rats in a dose 100 R and 4-hour radon inhalation in concentration 8.1 x 10(7) Bq/m3 did not amplify detsius and sodium nitrate effects in LD50 doses. Detsius intake in 10- and 50-fold doses 5 times a week induced focal alopecia in a week. A conclusion is made on the necessity of prohibiting detsius use in practical agriculture.