[Visual disorders in children cerebral palsy].

A complex study of 55 patients with children cerebral palsy who complained on visual and eye movement disturbances in the age from 4 to 10 years has been carried out. Main factors in the anamnesis that have negative effect on the organism formation in antenatal and perinatal periods have been analyzed. Most of children had ophthalmologic symptoms (visual acuity decrease, disturbance of pupillary reaction to convergence, disturbance of refraction, refraction strabismus, horizontal nystagmus, restriction of the field of vision, ophtalmoparesis), movement and coordination disorders, mental and speech disorders. Plausibly, the combination of different aversive factors in the antenatal, intranatal and neonatal periods led to the brain lesion, including structures of movement and visual analyzers and their links to other analyzers, that determined the clinical picture of disease.

[Radioecological situation at the villages of the Techa river]. / Radioékologiceskiaia situatsiia v raionakh naselennykh punktov beregovoi zony r. Techna.

The Techa river was contaminated in 1949-1956 from the nuclear enterprise "Mayak". The investigations were carried out in flood plain of the Techa river in 1992-2001. 90Sr and 137Cs stores were calculated in the soil-vegetation cover. There is uneven character of the spatial radionuclides contamination of the investigated area. The store with 90Sr changes from 25 to 930 kBq/m2 (0.7-25.0 Ci/km2) and that with 137Cs--from 30 to 1700 kBq/m2 (0.8-46.0 Ci/km2). In the preriver-bed soils the ratio 90Sr/137Cs increases with further from discharge point. Individual effective dose was calculated for the Brodocalmak population. 90Sr was revealed in the flood plain soils of the Iset river. The contribution of the contaminated Techa river and its flood plains soils accounted for as by incorporated radionuclides as background gamma-radiation does not exceed 0.13-0.17 mSv/yr if the contaminated Techa river utilization is limited. In other case the contribution of the contaminated Techa river increases to 1.6-3.0 mSv/yr. These values exceed international safety norms.

[Cerebral hemodynamics in fetuses and newborns developing with impaired uterine and fetoplacental blood circulation]. / Tserebral'naia gemodinamika plodov i novorozhdennykh, razvivavshikhsia v usloviiakh nedostatochnosti matochnogo i fetoplatsentarnogo krovoobrashcheniia.

By means of dopplerometry there were examined the blood flows in uterine arteries, funic arteries, internal carotid arteries of fetuses of 34 women in III trimester of a pregnancy with a threat of a premature birth. Cerebral blood flow in newborns was estimated on the 1-st and the 5-th days of life in anterior and middle cerebral arteries. Control group included 20 women with the physiologic pregnancies and their 20 newborns. In all children developed under the conditions of insufficiency of uterine and fetoplacental blood circulation there were observed the disorders of cerebral blood circulation, which became manifested clinically in birth by the disorders of cerebral circulation of light (in 16), average (in 13) and severe (in 5) degree.

[Transcranial dopplerography and variational pulsimetry in the diagnosis of cerebral angiodystonias in children]. / Transkranial'naia dopplerografiia i variatsionnaia pul'sometriia v diagnostike tserebral'nykh angiodistonii u detei.

The hypoxemia-hypercapnia test with closed-space breathing has been performed in 71 children aged 9-15. The examinees comprised three groups: healthy controls (n = 12), patients with latent cerebral angiodystonia (n = 9), patients with clinical cerebral angiodystonia (n = 50). The patients could hardly tolerate closed-space breathing. They complained of head aches, dizziness, suffered from vegetative stigmas, neurological deficiency. In subclinical and apparent disease vegetative dysadaptation predominated in the parasympathetic and dysregulatory forms. The load-provoked increase in the linear blood flow rate and a decrease in the resistance index appeared more pronounced in the controls. This evidences reduced adaptive potential of brain autoregulation in patients with cerebral angiodystonia.

[Diagnosis and prognosis of lesions of the nervous system in newborn infants in cases of maternal threatened abortion]. / Diagnostika i prognozirovanie porazheniia nervnoi sistemy novorozhdennykh, materi kotorykh perenesli ugrozu nevynashivaniia beremennosti.

A study was made of the status of the central nervous system in 91 neonates born to mothers with a history of threatened abortion. Using consecutive Wald's analysis the role was estimated of the clinical characteristics of pregnancy and delivery, and of the content of hormones (estriol, estradiol, progesterone, testosterone) as well as of cyclic adenosine-3,5-monophosphate, detected in the future mother over pregnancy, in the genesis of neurological disorders in the child.

[Convergence of sensory and cortical inputs on caudate nucleus neurons]. / Konvergentsiia sensornykh i kortikal'nykh vkhodov na neironakh khvostatogo iadra.

The immobilized cats, the influences of 2nd somatosensory and temporal areas on responses of the caudate nucleus' neurons to stimulation of the tibial and splanchnic nerves, were studied. The majority of spontaneously active neurons responded to the cortical stimulation, mainly from the 2nd somatosensory area. Over half of the neurons revealed the "binareal" feature. The typical form of interaction of the cortical and sensory stimuli (with the 50-msec interval between the conditioning and the testing stimuli) was either partial or complete suppression of responses of the caudate neurons both to the somatic and to the visceral stimulation. The results of cortico-sensory interaction were independent of the nature and functional significance of the stimulated cortical areas.

Reflection of visceral afferentiation in unit activity in the caudate nucleus.

Responses of spontaneously active neurons to visceral (splanchnic nerve) stimulation were recorded extracellularly in the head of the caudate nucleus of immobilized cats. The presence of multimodal neurons responding to stimulation of visceral, somatic, and auditory sensory systems in this structure also was established. It is concluded from these facts that neurons of the caudate nucleus may play a role in the mechanisms of interaction of visceral impulses with somatic and auditory impulses.