The present state and prospects of development of maritime medicine in Ukraine.

In this article the present situation, tasks, and prospects of development of maritime in Ukraine are reviewed. Some information about morbidity and mortality among seafarers is also provided.

[Dynamic radiation telethermometry in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis]. / Distantsionnaia radiatsionnaia dinamicheskaia teplometriia v diagnostike ostrogo appenditsita.

Density was studied of heat flow from the area of the anterior abdominal wall in 167 patients with acute appendicitis. A novel methodological approach has been developed to the diagnosis of acute appendicitis making use of remote thermometry with the unit "Radiation heat flows meter". Recording of heat flows from the region of the anterior abdominal wall helps in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis, allows some preliminary judgement about the degree of affection of the organ, permits choosing relevant policy of managing a particular patient. The method can be employed in planned and urgent surgery.

[The efficacy of the early diagnosis of digestive tract diseases in flight personnel]. / Effektivnost' rannei diagnostiki zabolevanii pishchevaritel'nogo kanala u lits letno-pod''emnogo sostava.

In the Air Force, the alimentary canal (AC) morbidity in flying personnel (FP) ranks second among diseases of the internal organs, as evidenced by epidemiologic studies over six years (1988-1993). Data are submitted of examination of 1438 individuals (pilots, navigators, other aircrew members) under conditions of the flight-surgeon's appraisal division. Procedures of active fibroesophagogastroduodenoscopy permit early detection of AC disorders. 18.7-50% of FP presenting with AC disorders displayed Helicobacter pylori, as per histologic sections of biopsies from mucosa of the pyloric portion of the stomach. To the authors' thinking, AC disorders in FP may result from exposure to (stress, in-flight emergency) factors of flight.

[The method of integral estimation of a functional status of the hemostatic system]. / Sposob integral'noi otsenki funktsional'nogo sostoianiia sistemy gemostaza.

The instrumental method of the integral assessment of functional state of the hemostasis system using piezoelectric hemoviscosigraphy was elaborated.

[The use of otsid in treating patients with chronic gastroduodenitis and duodenal peptic ulcer]. / Primenenie otsida v lechenii bol'nykh khronicheskim gastroduodenitom i iazvennoi bolezn'iu dvenadtsatiperstnoi kishki.

Data are submitted of examination of 56 individuals (50 men and six women) in a clinical and diagnostic consultation center setting. The diagnosis was confirmed by results of fibrogastroduodenoscopy, ultrasonography of the abdominal organs, assay of the gastric secretion in endoscopic pH-metry, microscopic examination of smears-imprints for the presence of Helicobacter pylori in gastric mucosa. A comparative evaluation was done of efficacy of the course administration of ocide (omeprasole) in 26 patients with duodenal ulcer and 30 patients with chronic gastroduodenitis presenting with augmented secretion.

[Remote dynamic radiation thermography in the diagnosis of acute inflammatory diseases of the pancreatico-hepato-biliary tract]. / Metod distantsionnoi radiatsionnoi dinamicheskoi teplometrii v diagnostike ostrykh vospalitel'nykh zabolevanii organov pankreatogepatobiliarnoi zony.

The method of the remote radiation dynamic thermometry was elaborated usid information--diagnostic complex "Thermodyn". Among the examined patients there were 55 with cholecystitis, 20--with pancreatitis, 15--with cholecystopancreatitis, 65--healthy people. In chronic calculous cholecystitis in the remission stage the thermal stream density deviation from the mean for the abdominal cavity constituted 2.3%, in an acute stage--5.8%, in an acute cholecystitis--9.1%. In the patients with edematous form of acute pancreatitis the thermal stream density deviation in the pancreas projection was 10.2% of the median for the abdominal cavity, in pancreonecrosis--18.4%. Cholecystopancreatitis is characterized by the thermal stream density increase in epigastric region, both subcostal regions and in the pancreas projection.

[The efficacy of metabolic therapy in chronic gastritis with secretory deficiency in flight personnel]. / Effektivnost' metabolicheskoi terapii pri khronicheskom gastrite s sekretornoi nedostatochnost'iu u lits letno-pod''emnogo sostava.

Overall ninety individuals (all males) of flying personnel 22 to 45 years old were examined under inpatient medical care facility conditions. Diagnosis of chronic gastritis (ChG) was confirmed with the aid of fibrogastroduodenoscopy, histologic, histochemical (periodic acid-Schiff reaction) sections of aimed biopsy specimens of gastric mucosa (GM), as well as by the use of euphyllinum, histamine while studying gastric secretion. Distinguishing features were noted of the ChG course as were their relatedness to the aircrew activity. On completing the metabolic therapy involving use of calcium gluconate, euphylline, panangine, 24 ChG patients presenting with secretory deficiency enjoyed clinical, metabolic, acid-producing effect superior to that of replacement therapy.

[The autonomic mechanisms of the initial manifestations of cerebral circulatory failure and a method for their correction]. / Vegetativnye mekhanizmy nachal'nykh proiavlenii nedostatochnsti krovosnabzheniia mozga i sposob ikh korrektsii.

Initial manifestations of cerebrovascular insufficiency against the background of atherosclerosis and hypertensive disease were evaluated in 50 sailors. Vegetative dysfunctions in these patients showed different states of the vegetative tone reactivity. It was found that ultraviolet irradiation of the blood produced a positive effect on the course of cerebro-vascular disturbances. The parasympathetic and sympathetic portions were selectively influenced.

[Ultrasonic dopplerography in the diagnosis of the initial manifestations of insufficiency of the blood supply to the brain]. / Ul'trazvukovaia dopplerografiia v diagnostike nachal'nykh proiavlenii nedostatochnosti krovoobrashcheniia mozga.

Sixty-eight patients with cerebrovascular insufficiency received a course of quantum hemotherapy by means of ultraviolet irradiation of the blood. The cerebral hemodynamics was evaluated by ultrasound transcranial dopplerography. It was found that this method may be used for early diagnosis as well as for the control of treatment efficacy. It was established that ultraviolet irradiation of the blood essentially effected the cerebral hemodynamics, reduces interhemispheric asymmetry, causes no cerebral steal syndromes.

Influence of cerebro-spinal fluid of picrotoxin kindled rats on seizure susceptibility and locomotor activity of recipients.

Repeated picrotoxin administration (ip) in subthreshold doses in rats resulted in kindling of generalized seizures. Decrease of locomotor activity in kindled rats occurred in interictal periods. Intra-cerebroventricular microinjection to intact recipients of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of kindled but not intact rats or those after acute picrotoxin-induced convulsions, induced a decrease of locomotor activity and severity of acute picrotoxin induced seizures. These effects of CSF were blocked by naloxone pretreatment and were absent after injection of CSF to which protease inhibitors were not added. It is concluded that the release of endogenous opioid peptide substance(s) takes place in CSF of kindled animals which cause the interictal decrease of locomotor activity and may play the role of endogenous anticonvulsive factors controlling epileptic activity induction.