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Andean crops such as quinoa, amaranth, cañihua, beans, maize, and tarwi have gained interest in recent years for being gluten-free and their high nutritional values; they have high protein content with a well-balanced essential amino acids profile, minerals, vitamins, dietary fiber, and antioxidant compounds. During the germination bioprocess, the seed metabolism is reactivated resulting in the catabolism and degradation of macronutrients and some anti-nutritional compounds. Therefore, germination is frequently used to improve nutritional quality, protein digestibility, and availability of certain minerals and vitamins; furthermore, in specific cases, biosynthesis of new bioactive compounds could occur through the activation of secondary metabolic pathways. These changes could alter the technological and sensory properties, such as the hardness, consistency and viscosity of the formulations prepared with them. In addition, the flavor profile may undergo improvement or alteration, a critical factor to consider when integrating sprouted grains into food formulations. This review summarizes recent research on the nutritional, technological, functional, and sensory changes occur during the germination of Andean grains and analyze their potential applications in various food products.
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Produtos Agrícolas , Germinação , Valor Nutritivo , Produtos Agrícolas/química , Produtos Agrícolas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Sementes/química , Sementes/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Zea mays/química , Zea mays/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Humanos , Chenopodium quinoa/química , Paladar , Fibras na Dieta/análise , Amaranthus/química , Amaranthus/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Minerais/análise , Proteínas Alimentares/análise , Fabaceae/químicaRESUMO
Plant-based beverages are one of the foods that currently arouse a lot of interest in the population due to their composition with compounds beneficial to health in addition to their being used as milk substitutes for people who suffer from food disorders. Also, their fortification with different nutrients or healthy ingredients with the aim of improving plant-based health potential is actually gaining importance in the food industry. For this reason, the aim of the present investigation was the preparation of a healthy Brazil nut beverage enriched with Opuntia stricta var. dillenii pulp green extracts (ODPs), in order to produce a healthy plant-based beverage with improved nutritional characteristics. The microstructural characterization of the Brazil nut beverage, its stability during cold storage for up to 24 days at 5 °C, the composition of bioactive compounds provided via ODP extract (betalains and phenolic compounds), and their antioxidant activity were evaluated in this study. Green ODP extracts (0.5 and 1 g/100 g beverage) were added to a standardized Brazil nut beverage (reduced fat beverage). The characterization of the bioactive composition (betalains and phenolic compounds) of the elaborated beverage was achieved via HPLC (UV-vis and MS-QT of detection), and the antioxidant activity measurements via ORAC were also carried out. Optical microscopy, particle size, and Z potential analysis was conducted to characterize the structure of the Brazil nut beverages as food emulsions in which ODP extract was added. Most of the bioactive compounds from the green ODP extract added to the beverages showed good retention and remained stable throughout the 24 days of storage at 7 °C, with encapsulation efficiencies ranging from 98.34% to 92.35% for betalains and from 93.67% and 81.20% for phenolic compounds. According to the results of this study, Brazil nut beverage seems to be a healthy and efficient food emulsion system to encapsulate ODP extract rich in betalains and phenolic compounds, with high antioxidant activity, making possible the development of a Brazil nut beverage with improved health potential.
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Background: A novel lipid relation, the non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C/HDL-C) ratio gathers information on all atherogenic and antiatherogenic particles on a single date. The relationship between this lipid marker and the presence of carotid atherosclerotic plaque (CAP) in postmenopausal women is unknown. Methods: Postmenopausal women in primary prevention up to 70 years of age were recruited. Association between the non-HDL-C/HDL-C ratio and presence of CAP, assessed by ultrasonography, was analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed. Results: A total of 440 females with a mean age of 58.1 ± 5.3 years were recruited. The mean non-HDL-C/HDL ratio was 3.1 ± 1.2 and 28.2% of woman had CAP. A positive relationship was seen between quintiles of the non-HDL-C/HDL-C ratio and prevalence of CAP (p < 0.001). Regardless of other risk factors, women with higher non-HDL-C/HDL-C ratios had a greater chance of having CAP (odds ratio 1.30, 95% confidence interval: 1.07-1.58, p = 0.009). In the ROC curve analysis, the area under the curve of the non-HDL-C/HDL ratio for detecting CAP was 0.703 (95% confidence interval: 0.640-0.765) and the optimal cut-off point was 3.0 (Youden index 0.395). Conclusion: The present study suggests that the non-HDL-C/HDL-C ratio might be a strong marker for predicting the risk of CAP in postmenopausal women.
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Doenças das Artérias Carótidas/epidemiologia , HDL-Colesterol/sangue , Pós-Menopausa , Argentina/epidemiologia , Biomarcadores/sangue , Doenças das Artérias Carótidas/sangue , LDL-Colesterol/sangue , Feminino , Humanos , Lipoproteínas/sangue , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Triglicerídeos/sangue , Saúde da MulherRESUMO
The present study was conducted to describe the major seminal plasma proteome of rabbits and potential associations between seminal proteins and semen criteria. Semen samples were collected from 18 New Zealand adult rabbits, and seminal plasma proteins were analyzed by 2-D SDS-PAGE and tandem mass spectrometry. Sperm motility, vigor, concentration, morphology and membrane sperm viability were evaluated. Rabbits ejaculated 364⯱â¯70 million sperm/ml, with 81⯱â¯6.1% motile cells, 3.8⯱â¯0.2 vigor and 66.7⯱â¯2.5% sperm with normal morphology. Based on the viability and acrosome integrity assay, there were 65.8⯱â¯2.5% live sperm with intact acrosome and most spermatozoa had both intact acrosome and functional membrane. On average, 2-D gels of rabbit seminal plasma had 232⯱â¯69.5 spots, as determined by PDQuest software (Bio Rad, USA). Mass spectrometry allowed the identification of 137 different proteins. The most abundant proteins in rabbit seminal plasma were hemoglobin subunit zeta-like, annexins, lipocalin, FAM115 protein and albumin. The intensity of the spots associated with these five proteins represented 71.5% of the intensity of all spots detected in the master gel. Multiple regression models were estimated using sperm traits as dependent variables and seminal plasma proteins as independent ones. Also, sperm motility had positive association with beta-nerve growth factor and cysteine-rich secretory protein 1-like and a negative one with galectin-1. The percentage of rabbit sperm with intact membrane was related to seminal plasma protein FAM115 complex and tropomyosin. Then, the population of morphologically normal sperm in rabbit semen was positively linked to carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 6-like and down regulated by seminal plasma isocitrate dehydrogenase. Based on another regression model, the variation in the percentage of live sperm with intact acrosome was partially explained by the amount of leukocyte elastase inhibitor and the peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase A in the rabbit seminal fluid. The current study reports the identification of 137 proteins of rabbit seminal plasma. Major proteins of seminal secretion relate primarily to prevention of damages caused by lipid peroxide radicals and oxidative stress, membrane functionality, transport of lipids to the sperm membrane and temperature regulation. Moreover, finding seminal plasma proteins as indicators of semen parameters will improve assisted reproductive technologies.
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Coelhos/fisiologia , Análise do Sêmen/veterinária , Proteínas de Plasma Seminal/metabolismo , Espermatozoides/fisiologia , Acrossomo/metabolismo , Animais , Criopreservação/veterinária , Eletroforese em Gel de Poliacrilamida/veterinária , Masculino , Proteoma , Proteômica , Sêmen , Motilidade dos Espermatozoides , Espectrometria de Massas em TandemRESUMO
Cancer cases are growing in an exponential way, likewise the prices of new cancer drugs. Continuing in this way, in the near future, it will be impossible to provide optimum care for all cancer patients. Therefore, it is important to establish mechanisms that enable the National Health Systems to provide the best options of treatment, either through the elaboration of decision-binding frameworks or through other initiatives that guarantee the best quality care for all oncology patients to overcome, in the best possible way, this difficult illness. Here, we review current proposals that have been established by different cancer organizations worldwide, their similarities, their differences and whether they are helpful in a real clinical setting. Facing present reality and despite these organizations' huge efforts, these proposals are not being implemented at all and it does not seem feasible that they will in the short run. In the same way, we support and argue why oncologists should have a crucial and a preponderant role to establish the best way of guaranteeing an equal access to the latest oncology care.
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Antineoplásicos/economia , Oncologia/economia , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias/economia , Humanos , Oncologia/métodosRESUMO
KEY POINTS: The nucleus accumbens (nAc) is involved in addiction-related behaviour caused by several drugs of abuse, including alcohol. Glycine receptors (GlyRs) are potentiated by ethanol and they have been implicated in the regulation of accumbal dopamine levels. We investigated the presence of GlyR subunits in nAc and their modulation by ethanol in medium spiny neurons (MSNs) of the mouse nAc. We found that the GlyR α1 subunit is preferentially expressed in nAc and is potentiated by ethanol. Our study shows that GlyR α1 in nAc is a new target for development of novel pharmacological tools for behavioural intervention in drug abuse. ABSTRACT: Alcohol abuse causes major social, economic and health-related problems worldwide. Alcohol, like other drugs of abuse, increases levels of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens (nAc), facilitating behavioural reinforcement and substance abuse. Previous studies suggested that glycine receptors (GlyRs) are involved in the regulation of accumbal dopamine levels. Here, we investigated the presence of GlyRs in accumbal dopamine receptor medium spiny neurons (MSNs) of C57BL/6J mice, analysing mRNA expression levels and immunoreactivity of GlyR subunits, as well as ethanol sensitivity. We found that GlyR α1 subunits are expressed at higher levels than α2, α3 and ß in the mouse nAc and were located preferentially in dopamine receptor 1 (DRD1)-positive MSNs. Interestingly, the glycine-evoked currents in dissociated DRD1-positive MSNs were potentiated by ethanol. Also, the potentiation of the GlyR-mediated tonic current by ethanol suggests that they modulate the excitability of DRD1-positive MSNs in nAc. This study should contribute to understanding the role of GlyR α1 in the reward system and might help to develop novel pharmacological therapies to treat alcoholism and other addiction-related and compulsive behaviours.
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Etanol/farmacologia , Neurônios/efeitos dos fármacos , Núcleo Accumbens/efeitos dos fármacos , Receptores de Glicina/fisiologia , Potenciais de Ação/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Glicina/farmacologia , Masculino , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Neurônios/fisiologia , Núcleo Accumbens/fisiologia , Subunidades Proteicas/fisiologiaRESUMO
A vivência de eventos traumáticos nos primeiros anos de vida impacta o desenvolvimento infanto-juvenilem diferentes níveis, com repercussões psicológicas, neurobiológicas e sociais. Este artigo discutiu aavaliação clínica das reações pós-traumáticas em crianças e adolescentes, incluindo questões relacionadasà manifestação dos sintomas, às consequências a longo prazo e aos instrumentos de avaliaçãodisponíveis. Foi apresentado um modelo ilustrativo dos fatores de risco para o Transtorno de EstressePós-Traumático em crianças. Concluiu-se que a avaliação precoce é fundamental para a detecção defatores de risco e indicação de diferentes intervenções, servindo como fonte de prevenção secundária(AU)
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Transtornos de Estresse Pós-Traumáticos/psicologia , Psicologia da CriançaRESUMO
In this study, the nutritional quality of pasta-like product (spaghetti-type), made with corn (Zea mays) flour enriched with 30% broad bean (Vicia faba) flour and 20% of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) flour, was determined. Proximate chemical composition and iron, zinc and dietary fiber were determined. A biological assay was performed to assess the protein value using net protein utilization (NPU), true digestibility (TD) and protein digestibility-corrected amino acid score (PDCAAS). Iron and zinc availability were estimated by measuring dialyzable mineral fraction (%Da) resulting from in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. Nutritionally improved, gluten-free spaghetti (NIS) showed significantly increased NPU and decreased TD compared with a non-enriched control sample. One NIS-portion supplied 10-20% of recommended fiber daily intake. Addition of quinoa flour had a positive effect on the FeDa% as did broad bean flour on ZnDa%. EDTA increased Fe- and ZnDa% in all NIS-products, but it also impaired sensorial quality.
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Chenopodium quinoa/química , Valor Nutritivo , Vicia faba/química , Zea mays , Fibras na Dieta/análise , Ácido Edético/farmacologia , Ferro/análise , Zinco/análiseRESUMO
A methodology to develop systematic plans for food sampling was proposed. Long life whole and skimmed milk, and sunflower oil were selected to validate the methodology in Argentina. Fatty acid profile in all foods, proximal composition, and calcium's content in milk were determined with AOAC methods. The number of samples (n) was calculated applying Cochran's formula with variation coefficients ⩽12% and an estimate error (r) maximum permissible ⩽5% for calcium content in milks and unsaturated fatty acids in oil. n were 9, 11 and 21 for long life whole and skimmed milk, and sunflower oil respectively. Sample units were randomly collected from production sites and sent to labs. Calculated r with experimental data was ⩽10%, indicating high accuracy in the determination of analyte content of greater variability and reliability of the proposed sampling plan. The methodology is an adequate and useful tool to develop sampling plans for food composition analysis.
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Análise de Alimentos/métodos , Animais , Argentina , Cálcio/análise , Ácidos Graxos/análise , Ácidos Graxos Insaturados/análise , Leite/química , Óleos de Plantas/química , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Óleo de GirassolRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The objective of the present study was to identify households in which overweight and underweight coexisted (dual burden of malnutrition) and explore the factors that could be contributing to the dual burden of malnutrition at the household level in this population. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional nutritional survey. METHODS: After applying the exclusion criteria, 136 households were included. Mothers were classified as normal weight or overweight/obese based on body mass index (BMI) cut-off points and children and adolescents were classified as stunted or not based on height-for-age z-score. Households with an obese mother and a stunted children or adolescent were categorized as dual burden households. RESULTS: The prevalence of dual burden household was 12%. Compared with other households, dual burden households tended to have more people living in the house, and the educational level of the head of household was lower. Individuals living in dual burden households showed overall lower energy intakes and were more likely to have inadequate intakes of calcium and iron. CONCLUSIONS: The nutrition transition in this community might be one of the leading causes of the observed dual burden of malnutrition. The results presented here indicate the need to consider whether programs that focus on only one type of nutritional problem come might actually exacerbate the other.
El objetivo del presente estudio fue identificar los hogares en los que coexisten el sobrepeso y bajo peso (doble carga de malnutrición) y explorar los factores que podrían contribuir a la doble carga de malnutrición en los hogares de esta población. Después de aplicar los criterios de exclusión, se incluyeron 136 hogares. Las madres fueron clasificadas como de peso normal o con sobrepeso/ obesidad basado en puntos de corte del índice de masa corporal (IMC), los niños y adolescentes fueron clasificados según zscore de la talla para la edad, si tenían o no retraso en el crecimiento (Stunted). Los hogares con una madre obesa y niños o adolescentes con retraso en el crecimiento fueron clasificados como hogares de doble carga. La prevalencia de hogares con doble carga fue del 12 %. En comparación con los otros hogares, en los hogares con doble carga de malnutrición habitan un mayor número de personas en la casa, y el nivel de educación del jefe de familia fue menor. Las personas que viven en hogares de doble carga mostraron ingestas de energía global más bajas y eran más propensos a tener una ingesta insuficiente de calcio y hierro. Una de las principales causas de la doble carga de malnutrición observada en esta comunidad podría ser la transición nutricional. Los resultados presentados aquí indican la necesidad de considerar a los programas que se centran en un solo tipo de problema nutricional y que en realidad podrían exacerbar el otro.
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Desnutrição/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Argentina/epidemiologia , Efeitos Psicossociais da Doença , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Desnutrição/complicações , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Inquéritos Nutricionais , Sobrepeso/complicações , Sobrepeso/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Magreza/complicações , Magreza/epidemiologia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Corn-broad bean spaghetti type pasta was made with a corn/broad bean flour blend in a 70:30 ratio, through an extrusion-cooking process (Brabender 10 DN single-screw extruder with a 3:1 compression ratio). The effect of temperature (T=80, 90 and 100°C) and moisture (M=28%, 31% and 34%) on the extrusion responses (specific consumption of mechanical energy and pressure) and the quality of this pasta-like product (expansion, cooking-related losses, water absorption, firmness and stickiness) was assessed. The structural changes of starch were studied by means of DSC and XRD. The extrusion-cooking process, at M=28% and T=100°C, is appropriate to obtain corn-broad bean spaghetti-type pasta with high protein and dietary fibre content and adequate quality. The cooking characteristics and resistance to overcooking depended on the degree of gelatinisation and formation of amylose-lipid complexes. The critical gelatinisation point was 46.55%; beyond that point, the quality of the product declines.
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Culinária/métodos , Farinha/análise , Vicia faba/química , Zea mays/química , Fibras na Dieta/análise , Tecnologia de Alimentos , Humanos , Paladar , Temperatura , Água/análiseRESUMO
Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo dos registros histopatológicos de casos de tuberculose bovina do Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Goiás, Campus Jataí (LPV/UFG/Campus Jataí) no período de julho/2010 a junho/2013. As amostras foram processadas para histologia e coradas por Hematoxilina e Eosina. No período, foram examinadas 27 amostras, de porções do pulmão e de linfonodos regionais de bovinos. A suspeita macroscópica de granuloma tuberculóide foi constatada em 10 (37%) casos. No exame histopatológico, seis amostras (6/10) tiveram diagnóstico compatível com tuberculose, mas apenas um (1/6) foi confirmado por Reação em Cadeia de Polimerase. As demais amostras foram diagnosticadas como leucose enzoótica bovina (2/10), carcinoma de células escamosas pulmonar (1/10) e granulomas actinomicóticos (1/10). As amostras compatíveis com tuberculose eram originárias de Jataí e Mineiros, localizados na Região Sudoeste de Goiás, todas provenientes de um mesmo frigorifico da região. As amostras eram de bovinos machos, com idade entre 25-132 meses, de diferentes ra&am
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Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo dos registros histopatológicos de casos de tuberculose bovina do Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Goiás, Campus Jataí (LPV/UFG/Campus Jataí) no período de julho/2010 a junho/2013. As amostras foram processadas para histologia e coradas por Hematoxilina e Eosina. No período, foram examinadas 27 amostras, de porções do pulmão e de linfonodos regionais de bovinos. A suspeita macroscópica de granuloma tuberculóide foi constatada em 10 (37%) casos. No exame histopatológico, seis amostras (6/10) tiveram diagnóstico compatível com tuberculose, mas apenas um (1/6) foi confirmado por Reação em Cadeia de Polimerase. As demais amostras foram diagnosticadas como leucose enzoótica bovina (2/10), carcinoma de células escamosas pulmonar (1/10) e granulomas actinomicóticos (1/10). As amostras compatíveis com tuberculose eram originárias de Jataí e Mineiros, localizados na Região Sudoeste de Goiás, todas provenientes de um mesmo frigorifico da região. As amostras eram de bovinos machos, com idade entre 25-132 meses, de diferentes ra&am
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Introduction: Nowadays the laparoscopic approach is the procedure of choice in adrenal diseases, except malignant adrenal tumors. Methods: A descriptive and retrospective study of the first 55 cases of laparoscopic adrenalectomy performed in our hospital between 1998 and 2011, we reviewed the short and long term results. Results: We had one case of conversion to open surgery in a patient with accidental section of the right renal vein. One case of reoperation due to hepatic injury. One case of postoperative mortality in a 71 year old woman with high anesthetic risk operated for Cushing's syndrome. Other complications were a case of hydropneumothorax and three cases of abdominal wall hematoma in site of laparoscopic trocar. In the follow up at 45 months all the patients remain asymptomatic, except one with ectopic Cushing's syndrome due to bronchial carcinoid. Conclusions: Laparoscopic adrenalectomy has good results and is an easily reproducible procedure, but must be performed by expert laparoscopic surgeons with a good knowledge of adrenal anatomy and experience in open surgery which allow them to solve the complications that may arise during the laparoscopic procedure.
Introducción: Al día de hoy el abordaje laparoscópico es el procedimiento de elección en la mayoría de lesiones que asientan sobre la glándula suprarrenal, a excepción del tumor maligno suprarrenal. Material y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo de los 55 primeros casos de adrenalectomía laparoscópica realizados en nuestro centro en el período comprendido entre 1998 y 2011, evaluando los resultados a corto y largo plazo. Resultados: Hubo un caso de conversión a cirugía abierta (1,8 por ciento) en un paciente con sección accidental de la vena renal derecha. Un caso de reintervención por laceración hepática que pasó inadvertida durante la cirugía. Un caso de mortalidad en el postoperatorio inmediato por parada cardiorrespiratoria en una paciente de 71 años con riesgo anestésico ASAIII, intervenida por síndrome de Cushing. Otras complicaciones menores fueron un caso de hidroneumotórax y 3 casos de hematoma parietal en el trayecto del trocar. Se consiguió el control de la enfermedad de base después de un seguimiento medio de 45 meses en todos los casos menos en un paciente con síndrome de Cushing ectópico por un carcinoide bronquial. Conclusiones: La adrenalectomía laparoscópica es una técnica con buenos resultados y fácilmente reproducible, pero ha de ser realizada por cirujanos laparoscopistas expertos con un buen conocimiento de la anatomía de las glándulas suprarrenales y con experiencia en la cirugía abierta que les permita resolver las complicaciones que puedan surgir durante el procedimiento laparoscópico.
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Adrenalectomia/métodos , Laparoscopia/métodos , Neoplasias das Glândulas Suprarrenais/cirurgia , Tempo de Internação , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Sclerotiniaceae) is a plant pathogenic fungus that causes white mold disease in vegetable crops, including the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris). Proteases produced by fungi are normally an important part of the pathogenic process in the host. We examined the effect of different carbon sources--pectin, glucose, and cell wall of P. vulgaris on the production of proteases in cultures of S. sclerotiorum. These proteases were also assayed in infected P. vulgaris plants. Enzyme activity was increased with all carbon sources, but the highest levels were found when pectin was added. Based on real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR analyses, protease induction in S. sclerotiorum was found to occur at the level of gene transcription. The finding of increased expression of acid phosphatase 1 and aspartyl protease in vivo in infected P. vulgaris plants supports the role of these enzymes in the invasion process of S. sclerotiorum.
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Ascomicetos/enzimologia , Ascomicetos/fisiologia , Carbono/farmacologia , Peptídeo Hidrolases/metabolismo , Phaseolus/microbiologia , Doenças das Plantas/microbiologia , Ascomicetos/efeitos dos fármacos , Ascomicetos/genética , Meios de Cultura/química , Proteínas Fúngicas/genética , Proteínas Fúngicas/metabolismo , Regulação Fúngica da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Genes Fúngicos/genética , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio/efeitos dos fármacos , Cinética , Peptídeo Hidrolases/genética , Phaseolus/efeitos dos fármacos , Inibidores de Proteases/farmacologia , Proteólise/efeitos dos fármacos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Transcrição Gênica/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
Introducción: El trauma renal está involucrado en 10 por ciento de los traumatizados, el estudio de imágenes nos ha permitido manejar más conservadoramente a estos pacientes, sin embargo los parámetros clínicos siguen siendo una valiosa herramienta de vigilancia que nos permitirá tomar una conducta quirúrgica oportuna. Objetivo: Análisis de la indicación quirúrgica tardía en pacientes con trauma renal en los últimos 15años en el Servicio de Urología del Hospital San Juan de Dios. Material y método: Estudio retrospectivo de pacientes hospitalizados en Servicio de Urología entre los años 1994 y 2008, se obtienen 70 fichas clínicas, se registra edad, sexo, mecanismo de lesión, estudio de imágenes y tratamiento. La edad promedio fue de 31 años, sexo masculino (85 por ciento), el mecanismo de lesión fue: agresión de terceros en 39 por ciento, caída de altura (22 por ciento), accidente de tránsito (20 por ciento), deportes 10 por ciento y otros 9 por ciento; traumatismo cerrado en 52 pacientes y penetrante en 18 casos ;Grado I: 40 por ciento; GII: 17 por ciento; GIII: 17 por ciento; GIV: 23 por ciento, GV: 3 por ciento. Se define como tardía a la exploración quirúrgica después de una semana ocurrido el accidente. Resultados: Catorce pacientes (20 por ciento) se intervinieron quirúrgicamente en forma tardía; se operaron8 de los 52 pacientes con trauma renal cerrado (15 por ciento), en 6 de ellos se realizó nefrectomía por riñones patológicos, 2 pacientes presentaron a la semana post accidente una caída del hematocrito asociado a hematuria severa, se realizó en uno de ellos drenaje más nefrorrafia y en otro nefrectomía simple. De los pacientes con trauma penetrante se operaron 4 pacientes (22 por ciento), en dos pacientes por un descenso del hematocrito en menos de 48 horas; un tercer paciente se exploró porque se detecta un crecimiento de la masa palpable al examen físico y un 4º paciente cuya indicación
Introduction: Renal trauma is involved in 10 percent of trauma cases, image studies have allowed us to handle these patients with more conservative criteria, and nevertheless clinical parameters continue being a valuable monitoring tool that allows us to take an opportune surgical conduct. Objective: Analysis of delayed surgical indication in patients with renal trauma in the last 15 years in the Service of Urology of the Hospital San Juan de Dios. Material and methods: Retrospective study of patients hospitalized in the Urology unit, between years 1994 and 2008. 70 clinical charts are obtained, and age, sex, mechanism of injury, image studies and treatment are registered. The age average was of 31 years, masculine sex (85 percent), the injury mechanism was: third party aggression in 39 percent, fallen of height (22 percent), traffic accident (20 percent), sports 10 percent and other 9 percent. Trauma was closed in 52 patients and penetrating in 18 cases. Grade I: 40 percent; GII: 17 percent; GIII: 17 percent; GIV: 23 percent, GV: 3 percent. Delayed surgical exploration is defined as the one performed after one week of the accident. Results: Fourteen patients (20 percent) had delayed surgery; 8 of the 52 patients with closed renal trauma were operated (15 percent), in 6 of them a nephrectomy was performed due to pathological kidneys, 2patients presented to the week post In 2 patients a hematocrit fall and severe hematuria was seen a week after the accident, in one of them a drainage and nephrorrafy was performed and in the other a simple nephrectomy.Of the patients with penetrating trauma 4 patients were operated (22 percent). In two patients because a fall of the hematocrit in less than 48 hours, a third patient was explored because of a growing mass detected at physical examination, and a 4th patient whose surgical indication was determined by clinical parameters of infection, in him an infected urinoma was drained...
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Ferimentos e Lesões/cirurgia , Ferimentos e Lesões/epidemiologia , Rim/lesões , Chile , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Tempo , Ferimentos e Lesões/classificação , Rim/cirurgia , Índice de Gravidade de DoençaRESUMO
Objetivo: Valorar si existen diferencias en los resultados de los ciclos de FIV-ICSI en función del protocolo de estimulación empleado. Método: Estudio retrospectivo descriptivo de pacientes infértiles que fueron sometidas a ciclos de FIV-ICSI en el Hospital Universitario La Paz, entre los meses de enero y septiembre de 2010, comparando un protocolo largo de estimulación con análogos de GnRH vs un protocolo corto con antagonistas de GnRH. Las variables analizadas fueron: tasa de gestación, necesidad de cancelación del ciclo, dosis total de gonadotropinas requerida durante la estimulación, niveles de estradiol sérico el día de la administración de la hCG, número de folículos puncionados, complejos obtenidos, número de ovocitos maduros y de embriones conseguidos. Resultados: No hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas en los resultados de los ciclos en función del protocolo de estimulación empleado, en ninguna de las variables analizadas. Conclusiones: Este estudio no encontró diferencias en los resultados de los ciclos de FIV-ICSI con relación al uso de análogos o antagonistas de GnRH. Es necesarios más estudios con mayores tamaños muestrales para definir qué tipo de pacientes serían subsidiarias de recibir cada tratamiento para conseguir resultados óptimos.
Aims: To assess if there exist any differences in the results of the IVF-ICSI cycles depending on the stimulation protocol employed. Methods: Retrospective descriptive study of infertile patients who underwent IVF-ICSI cycles at La Paz University Hospital, between January and September 2010, comparing sitmulation protocol with GnRH agonists vs antagonists of GnRH. The variables analyzed were pregnancy rate, cancellation rate, total dose of gonadotropin required for stimulation, serum estradiol levels on the day of hCG administration, number of follicles punctured, complexes obtained, number of mature oocytes and of embryos obtained. Results: No statistically significant differences where found in the results of cycles depending on the protocol of stimulation used in any of the variables analyzed. Conclusions: This study didn't find any difference in the outcome of IVF-ICSI cycles in relation to the use of GnRH agonists or antagonists. We need more studies with larger sample sizes to determine which is the best treatment to each patient in order to achieve optimal results.
Assuntos
Humanos , Adulto , Feminino , Gravidez , Fertilização in vitro/métodos , Hormônio Foliculoestimulante/administração & dosagem , Hormônio Liberador de Gonadotropina/análogos & derivados , Hormônio Liberador de Gonadotropina/antagonistas & inibidores , Antagonistas de Hormônios/administração & dosagem , Protocolos Clínicos , Hormônio Antimülleriano/análise , Hormônio Foliculoestimulante/análise , Hormônio Liberador de Gonadotropina/agonistas , Infertilidade , Síndrome de Hiperestimulação Ovariana , Indução da Ovulação , Taxa de Gravidez , Pamoato de Triptorrelina/administração & dosagem , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
La infección por H. Pylori es una de las enfermedades crónicas mas frecuentes en la actualidad, afectando a todas las personas de cualquier estrato social, raza, sexo o grupo etáreo, aunque evidentemente con distinta frecuencia y situación geográfica. En el mundo se vienen realizando continuamente muchos estudios sobre la actividad anti Helicobacter Pylori. Se logro aislar e identificar 33 cepas de Helicobacter pylori de muestras de biopsias gastricas obtenidas por el Servicio de Gastroenterologia del Hospital Arco Iris de la ciudad de La Paz. Además se pudo constatar que el extracto de Clinopodium bolivianum (Khoa) tiene una actividad anti- Helicobacter pylori bien definida con un MIC DE 64 ugml presentando solamente 6,06 porciento de cepas resistentes a su vez el extracto de Piper elonguatum (Matico) tiene actividad disminuida anti Helicobacter pylori presentando un MIC de 16 ug/ml un 42 por ciento de cepas resistentes.
Assuntos
Plantas MedicinaisRESUMO
Objetivo: Correlacionar las características tomográficas de los tumores renales, con los hallazgos anatomopatológicos, para determinar si es posible su diferenciación por imágenes en el diagnóstico y clasificación T (TNM).Material y Método: Se realizó un seguimiento por 10 meses entre octubre de 2008 y julio de 2009 de todos los tumores renales estudiados y tratados en el Hospital San Juan de Dios. La cohorte recopiló 34 casos de tumores renales sólidos con informe radiológico por TC, de los cuales 30 se sometieron a cirugía, con su posterior análisis anatomopatológico y grado nuclear de Fuhrman. Hombres 23, mujeres 11, con un promedio de edad de 55 años (32-84 años). Se evalúa por TC, patrón de realce, homogeneidad, calcificaciones y compromiso vascular. Se correlacionó el tamaño T imagenológico por TNM, con el pT por histopatología, así como también la presencia o no de síntomas y la modalidad quirúrgica elegida (radical o parcial, laparoscópica o abierta). Resultados: Un promedio de tamaño tumoral de 6,6 cm (1,5-12 cm), 30 fueron catalogados al TC como carcinoma de células renales (CCR), de los cuales 24 fueron confirmados por histopatología, siendo las características tomográficas más predictivas, el comportamiento hipervascular (23) y la heterogenicidad (22). En pocos casos de los CCR, se presentó necrosis (5) y calcificaciones (1). El resto de los tumores (6) correspondieron a pielonefritis xantogranulomatosa, angiomiolipoma, mielolipoma suprarrenal, oncocitoma (2) y quiste hidatídico, de los cuales 5 impresionaron como CCR. El acierto entre la impresión diagnóstica por TC y la por istopatología, fue de 83 por ciento. La correlación en la clasificación T (TNM) fue con acierto total de 75 por ciento. La certeza en el diagnóstico en etapas m órgano confinadas (T1 y T1-2) fue significativa (p= 0,01 y p= 0,02) al confirmarse a la histología. Existe una tendencia de los tumores incidentales a presentarse en etapas más precoces. Conclusión: Casi el...
Objective: To correlate tomographic characteristics of renal tumors with pathologic findings in order to determine if the diagnosis and TNM classification can be performed by imaging. Material and Method: Between October 2008 and July 2009, all renal tumors diagnosed and treated at Hospital San Juan de Dios were followed. The cohort was composed of 34 solid renal tumors. All cases had a CT scan report. Out of the total, 30 patients underwent surgery with a subsequent pathology report that included Fuhrmans nuclear grade. There were 23 males and 11 females with an average age of 55 years (32-84). CT scan analysis included enhancement pattern, homogeneity, calcifications and vascular involvement. We correlated the T size by images with pT by histology. Also, the presence of symptoms and the surgical technique were recorded. Results: Average tumor size was 6.6 cm (1.5-12); 30 cases were classified by CT scan as renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Of them, 24 cases were confirmed by histology. The CT scan findings that better predicted histology were hipervascularity (23) and heterogeneity (22). Few RCC showed necrosis (5)and calcifications (1). The rest of the cases (6) corresponded to xantogranulomatous pielonefritis, angiomiolipoma, mielolipoma, oncocytoma and hidatidic cyst. Of them, 5 were diagnosed as RCC by images. The agreement between CT scan diagnosis and histopathology was 83 percent. The correlation with the TNM classification was 75 percent overall. Accuracy in the diagnosis of T1 and T2 cases was significant (p =0.01 and p =0.02). There is a trend for incidental tumors to present at earlier stages. Conclusion: Almost 50 percent of RCC cases were incidental findings. Imaging characteristics and enhancement pattern by CT scan are helpful in the diagnosis of RCC and in the T classification. This method has an adequate correlation with postoperative histopathology especially at early stages (T1 and T2). Better diagnostic elements are required...