[The effect of ascorbic acid in preservation solutions on the antioxidative potential of blood plasma during liver transplantation in miniature swine]. / Einfluss von Ascorbinsäure in der Konservierungslösung auf das antioxidative Potential des Blutplasmas während der Lebertransplantation bei Minischweinen.

The antioxidative potential (AP) of blood plasma was defined for its O2-.-trapping capacity. The superoxide radicals were generated in a photochemical system and detected by luminol chemiluminescence. During the preparation phase of experimental liver transplantation on mini-pig the AP of peripheral blood increased twice. There is a 20-fold increase of AP one hour after the blood recirculation in transplant. An antioxidative defence of organ with ascorbic acid during the cold preservation period removed these increase. The possible mechanisms of the observed phenomena and the information significance of the AP measurement in blood plasma are discussed.

[Biochemical studies of the assessment of transplant function following clinical heart transplantation--initial experiences]. / Biochemische Untersuchungen zur Einschätzung der Transplantatfunktion nach klinischen Herztransplantationen--erste Erfahrungen.

Average and specific individual courses of the following parameters are reported in this paper, with reference being made to eight of eleven clinical heart transplantations so far performed at the authors' department: lactate, pyruvate, myoglobin, ASAT, ALAT, GGT, CK, CK-MB, LDH, LDH-1, and glycogen phosphorylase. Glycogen phosphorylase was found to deviate most strongly from normal, with the enzyme exhibiting two initial maxima. The enzyme activity in the serum vanished not later than twelve days from transplantation. The curve of myoglobin was largely parallel to that of phosphorylase. Phosphorylase seemed to be of particular suitability for assessment of ischaemic damage in the wake of transplantation. The individual courses seemed to suggest that none of the investigated parameters exhibited sufficiently sensitive correlations with pathomorphological signs of rejection.

[Auxiliary liver transplantation in an animal experiment--a novel surgical model]. / Die auxiliäre Lebertransplantation im Tierexperiment--ein neuartiges Operationsmodell.

At the problem of the auxiliary liver transplantation has been worked for about 30 years. Extensive series of tests with animals with a novel transplantation model justify these promises well of a successful clinical use. Laboratory chemical, histologic, angiographic and nuclearmedical examinations prove the fitness of this method. Basic supposition for a success is the preservation of physiological conditions at the donor liver with sufficient perfusion of the recipient liver.

[Clinical liver transplantation in East Germany]. / Klinische Lebertransplantation in der DDR.

In the GDR 28 liver transplantations have been performed up to now. The 1 year survival rate amounts to 30%. At present 8 patients are alive between 3 months and 5 years. There were no biliary complications since the biliary reconstruction was performed by using a special 'mucosa suture'-technique. Ischaemic graft failure was a main cause for early postoperative mortality. A better immunosuppressive treatment may help to improve the results of liver transplantation in future.

[Significance of antithrombin III in clinical liver transplantations]. / Zur Bedeutung des Antithrombin III bei klinischen Lebertransplantationen.

The activity of AT III was measured by chromogenous substrates in 18 of 28 patients before, between and after liver transplantation. In half of all cases basic pathological activities could be observed. During transplantation, AT III is on an average decreased to 43% of the initial level. Examples are demonstrated for important AT III deficiencies after liver transplantation in man. Long-time examinations have shown AT III to be in the normal range or higher in 1 to 60 months after transplantation when the graft function is correct.

[Value of histopathologic findings following liver transplantation based on biopsy course studies]. / Zur Aussagekraft histopathologischer Befunde nach Lebertransplantation anhand bioptischer Verlaufsuntersuchungen.

A total of forty-four biopsies from nine liver transplantation patients, who had developed complications postoperatively, were studied histologically and, in part, electron-microscopically. Morphologic signs of acute rejection were seen in three patients, while there were indications of chronic rejection in one patient. In combined lesions, such as drug-induced hepatosis, cholangitis, hepatitis, and rejections, the interpretation of biopsy findings may be difficult, and special entities cannot in every case be separated unequivocally. Changes of serum bilirubin and of serum enzyme activity do not run entirely parallel to the microscopically detectable structural lesions. For diagnosis of complications after liver transplantation both the morphologic and the clinical findings must be considered.

[Effect of noise on the physiological functions in fowl. 1. Effect of primary strong noise on the 11-OHKS level in broilers and leghorns]. / Der Einfluss von Geräuschen auf physiologische Funktionen beim Huhn. 1. (Mitteilung): Der Einfluss erstmalig einwirkender stärkerer Geräusche auf den 11-OHKS-Spiegel von Broilern und weissen Leghornhennen

The effects of first noises on broilers and white leghorns were tested by plasma levels on 11-hydroxycorticosteroid (11-OHKS). The noises were 100 dB, 60 to 8,00 Hz, and applied 30 minutss to one group of broilers, aged 14, 28, and 56 days, and to another group of broilers and white leghorns in adult age. The reactions were compared. Acoustic stimulation was followed by temporary activation of the hypothalamic pituitary-suprarenal system. The rise of the plasma glucocorticosteroid level in leghorns was three times as high as that in adult broilers, which was interpreted as a reflection of stronger organic stress. Reactions differed in intensity, depending on age as well. Plasma-11-OHKS levels went up by 32 per cent maximum in broilers aged 56 days or by 73 per cent in animals aged 14 days or 120 per cent in those aged 28 days. The above results seemed to support the conclusion that noises of the above quantity and quality represented stress on fowl.

[Effect of noise on the physiological functions in fowl. 2. Adaptation to noise of white leghorns and broilers]. / Der Einfluss von Geräuschen auf physiologische Funktionen beim Huhn. 2. Mitteilung: Zur Anpassung von weissen Leghornhennen und Broilern an Geräusche

Two experimental groups and series were compared (leghorns and broilers as well as two age groups of broilers) for their adaptive responses to repeated noise application. The noise was 100 dB and applied daily 30 minutes. The reference for comparison was the plasma-11-hydroxycorticosteroid concentration (11-OHKS). The results differed somewhat from those obtained earlier from one first short-time noise application, in that the rise in plasma glucocorticosteroid concentrations dropped from 431 to 210 per cent of the initial values in adult leghorns exposed to repeated noise stress over seven days. Adult broilers, however, did not exhibit any difference in the magnitude of rise of 11-OHKS concentrations by comparison between first and seven days of repeated stress. The initial values, however, were reached earlier by repeated noise application.