RESUMO
Accidental lead misplacement in the left ventricle is a rare complication, which should be diagnosed early and treated with lead removal. In case of late diagnosis, chronic anticoagulant therapy or, if the patient needs cardiac surgery for other reasons, surgical lead removal are recommended. In the present case, lead misplacement occurred at the time of a traditional pacemaker implantation due to bradycardia.
Assuntos
Eletrodos Implantados/efeitos adversos , Forame Oval Patente/complicações , Marca-Passo Artificial/efeitos adversos , Idoso , Diagnóstico Tardio , Feminino , Ventrículos do Coração , Humanos , Falha de PróteseRESUMO
Aim of this review is to underline some specific patterns of shoulder pain that are not related to musculoskeletal diseases but are manifestations of gastrointestinal, neurological, cardiological or rheumatological diseases. The most important pathologies (like gallstones, myocardial ischaemia and Parsonage-Turner syndrome...) that can manifest with shoulder pain will be presented by specialty doctors and elements for differential diagnosis will be discussed. Orthopaedic shoulder surgeons should always suspect other causes of pain, different from those related to bone, tendons and joint. If there is something unfair, patients should be referred to family doctor for further investigations in order to exclude major systemic diseases.