RESUMO
The results of 5-year screening (1996-2000) for prostatic cancer in 1129 males 40 to 80 years of age are presented. The examination included: measurement of blood levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA), finger rectal examination, transrectal ultrasonic examination (TRUE) and, on demand, biopsy of the prostatic gland. Prostatic cancer was diagnosed in 1.5, 2.2 and 16% patients having PSA levels of 0-4.0, 4.0-10.0 and 10.0-30.0% ng/ml, respectively. At finger rectal examination prostatic cancer was suspected in 8% examinees, only in 33% of them the diagnosis was verified morphologically. By TRUE evidence 7% examinees were suspected and in 44.3% of them prostatic cancer was confirmed. Thus, biopsy proved necessary in 172 cases of 1129 examinees. In 64 (5.7%) males prostatic cancer was diagnosed and confirmed. Early prostatic cancer in the screened men and those consulted in the outpatient department of the National Cancer Research Center was detected in 77.7 and 22% men, respectively. The conclusion is made that men over 50 years of age should undergo prophylactic examination of the prostatic gland once a year.
Assuntos
Programas de Rastreamento , Neoplasias da Próstata/diagnóstico , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/epidemiologia , Biópsia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Moscou/epidemiologia , Próstata/patologia , Antígeno Prostático Específico/sangue , Neoplasias da Próstata/sangue , Neoplasias da Próstata/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias da Próstata/epidemiologia , Neoplasias da Próstata/mortalidade , Neoplasias da Próstata/patologia , Federação Russa/epidemiologia , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Fumar/epidemiologia , Fatores de Tempo , UltrassonografiaRESUMO
The ability of amine-producing tissues (liver tissue, small intestine, mast cells) of rats to synthesize 5-hydroxytryptophan in response to irradiation and their involvement in creation of endogenous radioresistance was studied. Administration of a thiol radioprotector beta-mercaptoethylamine resulted in alteration of kinetic properties of tryptophane hydroxylase expressed as a decrease in the optimal concentration of the substrate; this decrease was more distinct in liver and small intestine as compared with mast cells.
Assuntos
Mercaptoetilaminas/farmacologia , Protetores contra Radiação/farmacologia , Triptofano Hidroxilase/metabolismo , Animais , Células Cultivadas , Ativação Enzimática , Cinética , Masculino , Ratos , Ratos Endogâmicos , Especificidade por Substrato , Distribuição TecidualRESUMO
A study was made of the role of calcium ions and some other factors in secretion of biogenic amines from rat mast cells. The data obtained indicate that the radioprotective preparations of indolyl alkylamine and imidazole series can mobilize endogenous radioprotectors. The process of the mediator release from mast cells under the effect of sulfur-containing radioprotective agents is indirect. The molecular mechanisms of mast cell exocytosis are discussed.
Assuntos
Liberação de Histamina , Mastócitos/metabolismo , Lesões Experimentais por Radiação/prevenção & controle , Protetores contra Radiação/uso terapêutico , Serotonina/metabolismo , Animais , Liberação de Histamina/efeitos dos fármacos , Liberação de Histamina/efeitos da radiação , Masculino , Lesões Experimentais por Radiação/metabolismo , Ratos , Ratos EndogâmicosRESUMO
It has been shown that the process of amines new formation in mast cells after the treatment with radioprotectors is less intensive than in other tissues able to synthesize amines. It is proposed that the effect of the mast cells in organism's formation of higher radioresistance is brought to mobilization of the accumulated biogenic amines with their further redistribution in other organs and tissues including radiosensitive ones.
