Thoracic Cardiovascular Complications of Tuberculosis.

ABSTRACT: Mycobacterium infection remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although rare, thoracic cardiovascular complications are associated with devastating consequences if not promptly diagnosed using computed tomography. Intrapulmonary complications include tuberculous aortitis, Rasmussen aneurysms, involvement of bronchial and nonbronchial systemic arteries, and thromboembolic events. Extrapulmonary complications include pericarditis, myocarditis, endocarditis, involvement of coronary arteries, annular-subvalvular left ventricle aneurysms and mediastinal fibrosis. This article will review these complications and their computed tomography features.

Presenting manifestations of eosinophilic cystitis in two Filipino children.

Eosinophilic cystitis is a very rare clinical disease entity in the pediatric population. We report two cases of Filipino children with eosinophilic cystitis who presented with irritative voiding symptoms, gross hematuria, peripheral eosinophilia, and hydroureteronephrosis and urinary bladder wall thickening visualized on ultrasonography and CT urography. Cystoscopy and transurethral biopsy confirmed the diagnosis. Both patients were started with corticosteroid with or without an antihistamine. Resolution from the signs and symptoms were observed in both patients as documented by disappearance of peripheral eosinophilia, normal urinalysis results, and resolution of the hydroureteronephrosis and urinary bladder wall thickening on ultrasonography on follow-up.

Primary cutaneous CD30+ anaplastic large cell lymphoma: report of a rare case.

Primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma (PCALCL) is a rare type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma comprising approximately 0.9-9.0% of all cutaneous lymphomas. PCALCL is characterized by the absence of systemic involvement, spontaneous regression and low recurrence rate especially in localized lesions.We present a 47-year-old female with a 1½-year history of two asymptomatic erythematous indurated plaques on the right arm. Skin punch biopsy revealed dense infiltrates of non-epidermotropic, large, irregularly-shaped lymphocytes with hyperchromatic and pyknotic nuclei. Immunohistochemistry revealed that these atypical cells are anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) positive, CD30+, CD3-, CD20- and epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) negative. Clinical, histopathological and immunohistochemical findings are consistent with PCALCL. Work-ups revealed no systemic involvement. Short course CHOP (Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, Vincristine, and Prednisone) chemotherapy resulted in total resolution of skin lesions; however, recurrence was noted 12 months after treatment. She then underwent radiotherapy and achieved complete remission.Because the clinical presentation of PCALCL can be variable, a high index of suspicion is necessary in patients presenting with chronic plaques and nodules unresponsive to topical or oral medications.