A maternal dorsoventral prepattern revealed by an asymmetric distribution of ventralizing molecules before fertilization in Xenopus laevis.

The establishment of the embryonic dorsoventral axis in Xenopus occurs when the radial symmetry around the egg's animal-vegetal axis is broken to give rise to the typical symmetry of Bilaterians. We have previously shown that the Notch1 protein is ventrally enriched during early embryogenesis in Xenopus laevis and zebrafish and exerts ventralizing activity through ß-Catenin destabilization and the positive regulation of ventral center genes in X. laevis. These findings led us to further investigate when these asymmetries arise. In this work, we show that the asymmetrical distribution of Notch1 protein and mRNA precedes cortical rotation and even fertilization in X. laevis. Moreover, we found that in unfertilized eggs transcripts encoded by the ventralizing gene bmp4 are also asymmetrically distributed in the animal hemisphere and notch1 transcripts accumulate consistently on the same side of the eccentric maturation point. Strikingly, a Notch1 asymmetry orthogonal to the animal-vegetal axis appears during X. laevis oogenesis. Thus, we show for the first time a maternal bias in the distribution of molecules that are later involved in ventral patterning during embryonic axialization, strongly supporting the hypothesis of a dorsoventral prepattern or intrinsic bilaterality of Xenopus eggs before fertilization.

Antimicrobial properties and biotransforming ability of fungal endophytes from Ficus carica L. (Moraceae).

The endophytic fungal community associated with leaves of Ficus carica L. (Moraceae) from Argentina was investigated. Fifteen fungal isolates were isolated and identified by molecular methods into the genera Alternaria, Cladosporium, Curvularia, Diaporthe, Epicoccum, Myrothecium, Neofusicoccum, Nigrospora, Preussia and Ustilago. Cladosporium cladosporioides and Curvularia lunata were the most frequently isolated species. The fungal metabolic profiles were obtained by automated TLC and NMR and analysed by PC Analysis. Antifungal and antibacterial activity was assessed by bioautographic assays. In addition, the biotransforming ability of the fungal isolates was tested on F. carica extracts. Five isolates (33.3%) exhibited inhibitory activity against at least one of the microorganisms tested. Most of the fungal endophytes were able to metabolise the flavonoid rutin 1, and the coumarin psoralen 3 present in F. carica extracts. Further investigations of the psoralen biotransforming ability performed by the selected endophyte Alternaria alternata F8 showed the accumulation of the 6,7-furan-hydrocoumaric acid derivative 4 as the main biotransformation product. Our results corroborate that F. carica can live symbiotically with rich and diverse endophytic communities adding insights about their ecological interactions.

Nodal and <i>churchill1</i> position the expression of a notch ligand during <i>Xenopus</i> germ layer segregation.

In vertebrates, Nodal signaling plays a major role in endomesoderm induction, but germ layer delimitation is poorly understood. In avian embryos, the neural/mesoderm boundary is controlled by the transcription factor CHURCHILL1, presumably through the repressor ZEB2, but there is scarce knowledge about its role in other vertebrates. During amphibian gastrulation, Delta/Notch signaling refines germ layer boundaries in the marginal zone, but it is unknown the place this pathway occupies in the network comprising Churchill1 and Nodal. Here, we show that <i>Xenopus churchill1</i> is expressed in the presumptive neuroectoderm at mid-blastula transition and during gastrulation, upregulates <i>zeb2</i>, prevents <i>dll1</i> expression in the neuroectoderm, and favors neuroectoderm over endomesoderm development. Nodal signaling prevents <i>dll1</i> expression in the endoderm but induces it in the presumptive mesoderm, from where it activates Notch1 and its target gene <i>hes4</i> in the non-involuting marginal zone. We propose a model where Nodal and Churchill1 position Dll1/Notch1/Hes4 domains in the marginal zone, ensuring the delimitation between mesoderm and neuroectoderm.

[Pollen-food syndrom. A rewiev with a twist]. / Síndrome polen-alimento. Revisión con un toque.

Pollen-food syndrome (PFS) is characterized by allergic sensitization to proteins of pollens of grasses, weeds, and trees, which produce a type I hypersensitivity reaction that is associated with the intake of plant-derived foods that are usually in raw form. The most frequently-associated protein families are: profilins, PR-10, and ns LTP; however, others such as thaumatins, isoflavones, reductases, and B1,2 glucanases have been documented. The prototype syndrome is birch-fruit-vegetables, and of these, the most common is birch-apple due to the fact that more than 70 % of patients who are sensitized to birch present symptoms associated with the intake of plant-derived foods. The symptoms are restricted to the oral cavity; however, some patients may present systemic symptoms, including anaphylaxis, so it is important to identify the type of protein that is involved since the type of reaction that the patient may present depends on that. In spite of everything, it is considered an entity that may be under diagnosed due to its complex diagnosis and treatment, since the procedure, in most cases, is an elimination diet, because treatment with immunotherapy is not yet available. The purpose of this review is to describe the pathophysiology, as well as the most common pollen-food syndromes.

El síndrome polen-alimento (SPA) se caracteriza por la sensibilización alérgica a proteínas de pólenes de pastos, malezas y árboles, que producen una reacción de hipersensibilidad de tipo I, asociada a la ingesta de alimentos derivados de plantas, usualmente en forma cruda. Las familias de proteínas que más frecuentemente están asociadas son las profilinas, las PR-10 y las ns LTP; sin embargo, se ha documentado otras, como las taumatinas, isoflavonas reductasas y las B1,2 gluconasas. El síndrome prototipo es el abedul-frutas-vegetales, y de ellos el más común es el abedul-manzana, debido a que más de 70 % de los pacientes sensibilizados al abedul presentan síntomas asociados a la ingesta de alimentos derivados de plantas. Los síntomas están restringidos a la cavidad oral; sin embargo, algunos pacientes pueden presentar síntomas sistémicos, incluso anafilaxia, por lo que es importante identificar el tipo de proteína implicada, ya que de eso depende el tipo de reacción que puede presentar el paciente. Pese a todo, se considera una entidad que puede estar subdiagnosticada debido a su valoración y tratamiento complejos, debido a que el procedimiento en la mayor parte de los casos es dieta de eliminación, ya que aún no está disponible el tratamiento con inmunoterapia. El objetivo de esta revisión es describir la fisiopatología, así como los síndromes polen-alimento más comunes.

Segregation of brain and organizer precursors is differentially regulated by Nodal signaling at blastula stage.

The blastula Chordin- and Noggin-expressing (BCNE) center comprises animal-dorsal and marginal-dorsal cells of the amphibian blastula and contains the precursors of the brain and the gastrula organizer. Previous findings suggested that the BCNE behaves as a homogeneous cell population that only depends on nuclear ß-catenin activity but does not require Nodal and later segregates into its descendants during gastrulation. In contrast to previous findings, in this work, we show that the BCNE does not behave as a homogeneous cell population in response to Nodal antagonists. In fact, we found that chordin.1 expression in a marginal subpopulation of notochordal precursors indeed requires Nodal input. We also establish that an animal BCNE subpopulation of cells that express both, chordin.1 and sox2 (a marker of pluripotent neuroectodermal cells), and gives rise to most of the brain, persisted at blastula stage after blocking Nodal. Therefore, Nodal signaling is required to define a population of chordin.1+ cells and to restrict the recruitment of brain precursors within the BCNE as early as at blastula stage. We discuss our findings in Xenopus in comparison to other vertebrate models, uncovering similitudes in early brain induction and delimitation through Nodal signaling.

Fungal endophytes in Peperomia obtusifolia and their potential as inhibitors of chickpea fungal pathogens.

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L., Fabaceae) is the second most important legume after common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L., Fabaceae) and third in production among the legumes grains worldwide. Ascochyta blight and Fusarium wilt are among the main fungal infections which cause the major losses of chickpea crop. In this work we report the phyto-pathogen controlling properties of 24 endophyte Phomopsis/Diaporthe isolates on the chickpea fungal pathogens Ascochyta rabiei, Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium solani. The Phomopsis/Diaporthe strains were isolated amongst a total of 62 endophytic fungi from the aerial parts of the herbaceous perennial American plant Peperomia obtusifolia (Piperaceae) along with Fusarium, Septoria, Colletotrichum, Alternaria and Roussoella genera among others. Phomopsis/Diaporthe isolates were identified as Diaporthe infecunda (12 isolates), Diaporthe sackstoni (1 isolate), Diaporthe cf. brasiliensis (4 isolates) and Phomopsis cf. tuberivora (7 isolates). All the Phomopsis/Diaporthe strains antagonized A. rabiei strain AR2 with a mean of inhibition (% I) of 86.59 ± 1.49% in dual cultures. The metabolic characterization of the Phomopsis/Diaporthe strains showed groups in three clusters which were in agreement with the taxonomic identification. Bioautographic evaluation of organic extracts showed that those of D. cf. brasiliensis and D. infecunda were better as inhibitors. Strain Po 45 was one of the most active (cluster 1, 96.87% I), and its ethyl acetate extract inhibited A. rabiei growth in a bioautographic assay until at least 10 µg/mm applied showing a specific chromatographic band as the responsible of the A. rabiei inhibition.

Chemical composition of Schinus areira essential oil and antimicrobial action against Staphylococcus aureus.

The antimicrobial activities of plant extracts have formed the basis of many alternative medicines. In this context, the genus Schinus L. (Anacardiaceae), exhibits many traditional uses in medicine. However, a few studies on the antimicrobial properties of Schinus areira essential oils were conducted. The essential oil from S. areira leaves from Santiago del Estero was obtained by hydrodistillation and twenty-eight compounds were identified using CG-MS-EI spectrometry. The sesquiterpenoid alcohol 1-epi-cadinol was the major compound, followed by δ-cadinene, alloaromadendrene, ß-pinene, ß-caryophyllene, and γ-cadinene. The essential oil obtained exhibited antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, showing a bacteriostatic activity at 64 µg/mL and bacteriolytic activity at 256 µg/mL; in contrast, non antibacterial effect was observed in Escherichia coli in the assayed conditions. The antibacterial activity was accompanied by significant changes in Zeta potential on the S. aureus surface. The data obtained suggest that the essential oil of S.areira leaves presents potential use in pharmaceutical industries.

Antibacterial activity of prenylated benzopyrans from Peperomia obtusifolia (Piperaceae).

Peperomia obtusifolia is a herbaceous perennial plant native to the Americas reported as a traditional medicine to treat snake bites and as a skin cleanser. The bioassay-guided fractionation of crude extracts from aerial parts of P. obtusifolia against a panel of clinically important fungi and bacteria, showed that hexane and dichloromethane extracts demonstrated selective bacterial inhibition, allowing the isolation of the known compounds peperobtusin A (1), and 3,4-dihydro-5-hydroxy-2,7-dimethyl-8-(3"-methyl-2"-butenyl)-2-(4'-methyl-1',3'-pentadienyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-6-carboxylic acid (2) from dichloromethane extract. Compound 2 was active against Gram-positive bacteria including community acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) isolates and an Enterococcus faecalis vancomycin-resistant strain, with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 4 µg/mL (10.8 µM) and 8 µg/mL (21.6 µM) respectively. The interaction of compound 2 with the bacterial membrane was demonstrated by means of Zeta potential experiments on S. aureus, then confirming the membrane damage by fluorescent microscopy experiments.

Salud adolescente y pandemia en Tucumán / Adolescent health and pandemic in Tucumán

INTRODUCCION La crisis sanitaria por COVID-19 ha impactado en la salud mental y en la seguridad alimentaria de la población, particularmente en los adolescentes. OBJETIVO Analizar la relación entre estado nutricional, presencia de síntomas psicológicos y habilidades sociales en adolescentes escolarizados de la provincia de Tucumán, considerando edad, sexo, NSE y NSA. MÉTODO estudio descriptivo y correlacional, muestreo no probabilístico intencional. Participaron 262 adolescentes (12 a 18 años), de escuelas secundarias públicas de Yerba Buena y Concepción. Se administró a) Escala MESSY de Habilidades Sociales, b) Escalas clínicas de Inventario de Personalidad para Adolescentes (PAI-A), c) Encuesta nutricional, estilo de vida, socioeconómico y ambiental, d) Encuesta sociodemográfica, e) mediciones antropométricas individuales. RESULTADOS 43% presentaba un NSE bajo y 20% menor NSA, relacionándose estas variables (x2=7.66 p=0.00). El 18% registraba obesidad y 14,5% de RCV, con mayor incidencia entre los adolescentes de menor edad (12 a 14 años). Se halló 14.5% de RCV y 36% de RCM. Las mujeres referían más síntomas depresivos, ansiosos y psicosomáticos comparados con sus pares varones. El NSE se relacionó con preocupaciones hipocondriacas y el menor NSA con déficits sociales para hacer amistades como la expresividad emocional y social. Los adolescentes con sobrepeso y obesidad referían más quejas somáticas. DISCUSIÓN Se destaca el papel de la precariedad socioambiental y socioeconómica en la salud adolescente la variabilidad del estado nutricional antropométrico, la presencia de síntomas psicológicos y déficits sociales que permitan una expresión adecuada de sentimientos, derechos y modos de afrontar las situaciones. Se pone en evidencia la necesidad de llevar a cabo intervenciones en salud integral adolescente, considerando sus heterogeneidades históricas, sociales, económicas, geográficas y alimentarias.

Características clínicas y epidemiológicas de niños con COVID-19 en un hospital pediátrico del Perú / Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of children with COVID-19 in a pediatric hospital in Peru

RESUMEN Con el objetivo de conocer las características clínicas y epidemiológicas de niños con COVID-19, se evaluaron las historias clínicas de pacientes atendidos de manera ambulatoria y en hospitalización del Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño San Borja de marzo a mayo de 2020. Se registraron 33 pacientes, 57,6% fueron varones con mediana de edad de 4,8 años (rango: 2 meses - 17 años). El 81,8% tuvo contacto epidemiológico y la mediana del periodo de incubación fue siete días. El 60,6% tuvieron enfermedades concomitantes; el 93,9% presentó síntomas, los más comunes fueron fiebre y tos. El hemograma y los reactantes de fase aguda fueron normales en la mayoría de los casos. La radiografía de tórax fue anormal en 11/16 pacientes. El manejo fue de soporte, dos pacientes requirieron oxígeno suplementario. Un paciente falleció por complicaciones asociadas a una tumoración cerebral en fase terminal. Se reporta las caracteristicas clinicas y epidemiologicas en niños con COVID-19 durante los primeros meses de la pandemia en Perú.

ABSTRACT The aim of the study was to describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of children with COVID-19. We analyzed the clinical records of inpatients and outpatients of the Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño San Borja from the period between March and May, 2020. A total of 33 patients were registered, 57.6% were males with a median age of 4.8 years (range: 2 months - 17 years). We found that 81.8% of the children had contact with a positive COVID-19 case, 60.6% had concomitant diseases, 93.9% presented symptoms (mainly fever and cough) and the median incubation period was 7 days. The hemogram and acute-phase reactants were normal in most cases. Chest X-ray was abnormal in 11/16 patients. All patients received supportive treatment; 2 patients required supplemental oxygen. One patient died from complications associated with a terminal phase brain tumor. We report the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of children with COVID-19 during the first months of the pandemic in Peru.

Comparison of Noninvasive Cardiac Test Strategies for Newly Diagnosed Chagas Disease in a Non-Endemic Zone.

Chagas disease is an emerging infectious disease in Europe and other non-endemic areas, mainly owing to migration from endemic areas. We aimed at investigating the value of advanced echocardiography (ECHO) and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) in patients newly diagnosed with Chagas disease to compare findings with those of electrocardiogram (ECG) and conventional ECHO and thus detecting cardiac abnormalities. We included consecutive patients with newly diagnosed Chagas disease and registered cardiac test results (ECG, ECHO, and CMR). We divided ECHO parameters into three tiers: 1) left ventricular ejection fraction, regional wall motion abnormality, and left ventricular diastolic dimension (ECHO-1); 2) other common ECHO parameters (ECHO-2); and 3) global longitudinal strain (GLS) (ECHO-3). Cardiac magnetic resonance included global and segmental biventricular function, the presence of myocardial fibrosis, and edema. The study comprised 100 patients from South America. The mean age was 43.9 ± 0.9 years, and 66% were women. Mean time living in Spain was 9.7 ± 0.5 years. The ECG revealed ≥ 2 abnormal findings in 47% of patients. ECHO-1 was abnormal in 22% of patients, ECHO-2 in 52%, and GLS in 16%. Cardiac magnetic resonance was abnormal in 50% of cases, and in 3% of these, ECHO was normal. When ECG and conventional ECHO were taken together, abnormalities were detected in 83% of patients. This value increased to 86% and 92% for GLS and CMR, respectively. These findings suggest that ECG and conventional ECHO should be used routinely as standard cardiac tests for newly diagnosed cases of Chagas disease. The value of advanced ECHO techniques and CMR is low.

Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of children with COVID-19 in a pediatric hospital in Peru. / Características clínicas y epidemiológicas de niños con COVID-19 en un hospital pediátrico del Perú.

The aim of the study was to describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of children with COVID-19. We analyzed the clinical records of inpatients and outpatients of the Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño San Borja from the period between March and May, 2020. A total of 33 patients were registered, 57.6% were males with a median age of 4.8 years (range: 2 months - 17 years). We found that 81.8% of the children had contact with a positive COVID-19 case, 60.6% had concomitant diseases, 93.9% presented symptoms (mainly fever and cough) and the median incubation period was 7 days. The hemogram and acute-phase reactants were normal in most cases. Chest X-ray was abnormal in 11/16 patients. All patients received supportive treatment; 2 patients required supplemental oxygen. One patient died from complications associated with a terminal phase brain tumor. We report the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of children with COVID-19 during the first months of the pandemic in Peru.

Con el objetivo de conocer las características clínicas y epidemiológicas de niños con COVID-19, se evaluaron las historias clínicas de pacientes atendidos de manera ambulatoria y en hospitalización del Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño San Borja de marzo a mayo de 2020. Se registraron 33 pacientes, 57,6% fueron varones con mediana de edad de 4,8 años (rango: 2 meses - 17 años). El 81,8% tuvo contacto epidemiológico y la mediana del periodo de incubación fue siete días. El 60,6% tuvieron enfermedades concomitantes; el 93,9% presentó síntomas, los más comunes fueron fiebre y tos. El hemograma y los reactantes de fase aguda fueron normales en la mayoría de los casos. La radiografía de tórax fue anormal en 11/16 pacientes. El manejo fue de soporte, dos pacientes requirieron oxígeno suplementario. Un paciente falleció por complicaciones asociadas a una tumoración cerebral en fase terminal. Se reporta las caracteristicas clinicas y epidemiologicas en niños con COVID-19 durante los primeros meses de la pandemia en Perú.

Characterization of Patients with Minimally Invasive Surgery Converted in a Pediatric Hospital.

Introduction: Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) in pediatric surgery is now the standard of care for various surgical conditions. We have seen an increase in MIS with some of the procedures requiring intraoperative conversion to open surgery. Materials and Methods: This is a single-institution retrospective study of patients who underwent MIS between 2009 and 2017 requiring conversion to open surgery. Preoperative characteristics, cause of conversion, and postoperative factors were recorded. Results: A total of 154 patients had converted to MIS, 89.6% underwent laparoscopic procedures. Mean age was 8.5 years, 53.9% were male. Primary cause leading to surgery was not oncologic (89.6%), dirty contaminated wound was found in 49.35%, inflammatory response markers were altered, and 38.9% of our patients were American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classification 3. Principal causes of conversion were failure in progression (53.25%) and loss of anatomic reference (24.5%). A total of 44.16% of the patients required postoperative pediatric intensive care unit admission, 29.2% required reintervention, and mortality rate was 0.65%. We detailed data regarding thoracoscopic, appendectomy, and laparoscopic procedures. Conclusion: Conversion to MIS is a decision the surgeon must make in different scenarios. This study allowed us to characterize our population regarding converted MIS procedures. Male gender, age group, altered inflammatory markers, not oncologic pathology, and dirty wound were frequently found, but we cannot establish any of them as risk factors. Main cause for conversion to open surgery was failure in the progression of the procedure in our study according to reported literature. We intend to develop further studies to determine risk factors.

Notch1 is asymmetrically distributed from the beginning of embryogenesis and controls the ventral center.

Based on functional evidence, we have previously demonstrated that early ventral Notch1 activity restricts dorsoanterior development in Xenopus We found that Notch1 has ventralizing properties and abolishes the dorsalizing activity of ß-catenin by reducing its steady state levels, in a process that does not require ß-catenin phosphorylation by glycogen synthase kinase 3ß. In the present work, we demonstrate that Notch1 mRNA and protein are enriched in the ventral region from the beginning of embryogenesis in Xenopus This is the earliest sign of ventral development, preceding the localized expression of wnt8a, bmp4 and Ventx genes in the ventral center and the dorsal accumulation of nuclear ß-catenin. Knockdown experiments indicate that Notch1 is necessary for the normal expression of genes essential for ventral-posterior development. These results indicate that during early embryogenesis ventrally located Notch1 promotes the development of the ventral center. Together with our previous evidence, these results suggest that ventral enrichment of Notch1 underlies the process by which Notch1 participates in restricting nuclear accumulation of ß-catenin to the dorsal side.

Notch signaling in the division of germ layers in bilaterian embryos.

Bilaterian embryos are triploblastic organisms which develop three complete germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm). While the ectoderm develops mainly from the animal hemisphere, there is diversity in the location from where the endoderm and the mesoderm arise in relation to the animal-vegetal axis, ranging from endoderm being specified between the ectoderm and mesoderm in echinoderms, and the mesoderm being specified between the ectoderm and the endoderm in vertebrates. A common feature is that part of the mesoderm segregates from an ancient bipotential endomesodermal domain. The process of segregation is noisy during the initial steps but it is gradually refined. In this review, we discuss the role of the Notch pathway in the establishment and refinement of boundaries between germ layers in bilaterians, with special focus on its interaction with the Wnt/ß-catenin pathway.

Aleitamento materno de prematuros em hospital amigo da criança: da alta hospitalar ao domicílio / Breastfeeding of premature infants at a child-friendly hospital: from hospital discharge to home

Objetivo: verificar a prevalência do aleitamento materno de recém-nascidos prematuros em unidades neonatais. Métodos: estudo exploratório, transversal, realizado em um Hospital Amigo da Criança com 21 prematuros e suas mães. Foi realizada uma entrevista e levantamento de prontuário utilizando-se um formulário para coleta de dados e estes foram analisados com uso de estatística descritiva. Resultados: o início da alimentação láctea foi em média com 61,7 horas e o início da amamentação foi em média com 17,2 dias de vida. Na alta hospitalar, 47,6% dos prematuros estavam em aleitamento materno; 47,6% em aleitamento materno exclusivo e 4,8% em aleitamento artificial. No domicílio, após sete a quinze dias da alta hospitalar não houve alterações nos padrões de alimentação. Conclusão: é necessário o fortalecimento de ações para promoção, proteção e apoio que incentivam a prática da amamentação. (AU)

Construcción del registro de observación para el análisis del movimiento Fundamentado en la teoría de laban1 / Development Of An Observation Instrument For Recording Movement Analysis Based On Laban's Theory / Construção do registro de observação para a análise do movimento Fundamentado na teoría de laban

Resumen Barnet-López, S., Arbonés-García, M., Pérez-Testor, S. y Guerra-Balic., M. (2017). Construcción del registro de observación para el análisis del movimiento fundamentado en la teoría de Laban. PENSAR EN MOVIMIENTO: Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud, 15(2), 1-21. En este artículo se describe el proceso de construcción de un Registro de Observación inspirado en el Análisis del Movimiento de Laban (ROAM) en personas con Discapacidad Intelectual (DI). La aplicación del ROAM permite obtener una medida objetiva y estandarizada sobre las tendencias generales de movimiento de la persona, además de poder utilizarse en observaciones pre y post intervenciones y así conocer los cambios de movimiento del individuo. El del ROAM se desarrolló en varias fases, en la primera de las cuales se identificaron los elementos básicos para el registro y se realizaron diversas versiones del ROAM mediante la técnica de jueces expertos. En las fases posteriores se realizó el estudio exploratorio, utilizando el registro para evaluar dos sesiones de danza movimiento terapia en un grupo de adultos con DI. Los resultados muestran que el ROAM presenta unos buenos índices de validez de contenido y de fiabilidad inter e intra observadores (0.72), por tanto, el ROAM permitió analizar las características generales del movimiento de las personas con DI que participaron en el estudio exploratorio.

Abstract Barnet-López, S., Arbonés-García, M., Pérez-Testor, S. & Guerra-Balic., M. (2017). Development of an Observation Instrument for Recording Movement Analysis based on Laban's Theory. PENSAR EN MOVIMIENTO: Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud, 15(2), 1-21. This paper describes the development process of an observation record inspired in Laban's Movement Analysis (ROAM) for Intellectually Disabled (ID) people. An objective and standardized measurement of a person's general movement tendencies can be obtained from ROAM, in addition to making observations before and after an intervention, therefore learning about movement changes of an individual. The design of ROAM was developed in several stages: for the first one, basic elements were identified for the record and different versions of ROAM were created using the expert judges technique. Later stages involved an exploratory study, where two sessions of movement-dance therapy were evaluated in a group of ID adults using the record. Our results show that ROAM exhibits good indexes for content validity as well as intra- and inter-observer reliability (0.72). Thus, we conclude that ROAM allowed us to analyze the general movement characteristics of intellectually disabled individuals participating in this exploratory study.

Resumo Barnet-López, S., Arbonés-García, M., Pérez-Testor, S. & Guerra-Balic., M. (2017). Construção do registro de observação para a análise do movimento fundamentado na teoría de Laban. PENSAR EN MOVIMIENTO: Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud, 15(2), 1-21. Neste artigo se descreve o processo de construção de um Registro de Observação inspirado na Análise do Movimento de Laban (ROAM) em pessoas com Deficiência Intelectual (DI). A aplicação do ROAM permite obter uma medida objetiva e padronizada sobre as tendências gerais de movimento da pessoa, além de ser possível sua utilização em observações pré e pós intervenções e assim conhecer as mudanças de movimento do indivíduo. O desenho do ROAM foi desenvolvido em várias fases, na primeira das quais se identificaram os elementos básicos para o registro e realizaram diversas versões de ROAM através da técnica de juízes peritos. Nas fases posteriores foi realizado o estudo exploratório, utilizando o registro para avaliar duas sessões de dança movimento terapia em um grupo de adultos com DI. Os resultados mostram que o ROAM apresenta alguns bons índices de validade de conteúdo e de fiabilidade inter e intraobservadores (0,72), portanto, o ROAM permitiu analisar as características gerais do movimento das pessoas com DI que participaram no estudo exploratório.

The Combined Use of Proteomics and Transcriptomics Reveals a Complex Secondary Metabolite Network in Peperomia obtusifolia.

Peperomia obtusifolia, an ornamental plant from the Piperaceae family, accumulates a series of secondary metabolites with interesting biological properties. From a biosynthesis standpoint, this species produces several benzopyrans derived from orsellinic acid, which is a polyketide typically found in fungi. Additionally, the chiral benzopyrans were reported as racemic and/or as diastereomeric mixtures, which raises questions about the level of enzymatic control in the cyclization step for the formation of the 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran moiety. Therefore, this article describes the use of shotgun proteomic and transcriptome studies as well as phytochemical profiling for the characterization of the main biosynthesis pathways active in P. obtusifolia. This combined approach resulted in the identification of a series of proteins involved in its secondary metabolism, including tocopherol cyclase and prenyltransferases. The activity of these enzymes was supported by the phytochemical profiling performed in different organs of P. obtusifolia. However, the polyketide synthases possibly involved in the production of orsellinic acid could not be identified, suggesting that orsellinic acid may be produced by endophytes intimately associated with the plant.

Antioxidant Extracts from Acorns (Quercus ilex L.) Effectively Protect Ready-to-Eat (RTE) Chicken Patties Irrespective of Packaging Atmosphere.

This study evaluated the impact of a phenolic-rich acorn extract (200 ppm gallic acid equivalents) and the concentration of oxygen in the packaging system (low-oxygen modified atmosphere; 5% vs. normal-oxygen; 21%) on lipid and protein oxidation and consumers acceptance of the ready-to-eat chicken patties. Samples were subjected to cooking (electric oven, 170 °C/16 min), cold storage (14 d at 4 °C), and reheating (microwave, 600 mW/1 min). Samples treated with acorn extract kept thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances numbers and lipid-derived volatiles at basal levels throughout the whole processing irrespective of the oxygen concentration in the packaging atmosphere. Consistently, treated patties had lower protein carbonyls than control ones. The acorn extract also controlled color and texture deterioration during chilled storage and reheating and improved the color and odor acceptance of the products. Formulating with acorn extract is a feasible strategy to inhibit the oxidation-driven changes and preserve the quality of reheated samples as if there were freshly cooked. Compared to the effect of the antioxidant extract, the concentration of oxygen in the packaging system was negligible in terms of quality preservation.