Sonography of a case series of talar callosities.

Talar callosity is an uncommon condition characterized by asymptomatic hyperkeratotic plaques located on the dorsum of one or both feet. We have detected an increased number of children presenting with this condition after the COVID-19 lockdown. High-frequency ultrasound was performed in all patients who consulted because of talar callosity. All four cases shared similar ultrasound findings: thickening of the epidermis with effacement of the subepidermal low-echogenic band and diffuse thickening of the dermis and subcutaneous cellular tissue, with a diffuse decrease in echogenicity. The bone cortex was respected in all cases. No increase in vascularization was detected. Although it is a benign condition, it is important to recognize talar callosity to exclude worse conditions and to prevent unnecessary biopsies. To our knowledge, we are the first to describe ultrasonographic findings of talar callosity.

Double nail of the second toe: A case report with sonographic and radiological correlation.

Double toenail is a rare abnormality that usually affects the fifth toe. It is considered as an inherited condition that may represent an incomplete form of polydactyly. Underlying bone abnormalities should be ruled out. We present a case of a double toenail of the second toe, a location that has not previously been described, with underlying bone involvement noted on ultrasound and plain films.

Dermatologic ultrasound in the management of childhood linear morphea.

Linear morphea is the most common subtype of localized scleroderma in the pediatric population. This condition can be quite disabling, with complications such as growth defects and painful flexion contractures. Assessment of disease progression and early intervention are key to minimize morbidity. We report linear morphea in a previously healthy 12-year-old girl. The patient presented with a one-year history of a linear plaque crossing her left antecubital fossa, measuring 7x3cm. The diagnosis was confirmed by biopsy, in which deep tissue involvement was noted. Subsequent management and evaluation of the disease activity was done by ultrasound, which allowed precise guidance of pharmacotherapy. The patient improved both clinically and sonographically with a methotrexate course. Sonographic changes accurately described the disease activity on follow up assessments. Features suggestive of an active phase include a thickened and hypoechoic dermis contrasting hyperechoic subcutaneous tissue. The atrophic stage is characterized by a thinned-out dermis and subcutaneous area. Typical vascular traits of each disease phase can also contribute to the assessment. Ultrasound is a grossly underused tool in the field of dermatology. It can provide accurate and sensitive information about disease activity in linear morphea, allowing for more timely intervention and optimal patient management.

Nódulo hiperqueratósico de rápido crecimiento / Hyperkeratotic nodule with rapid growth

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