Extracellular matrix proteins in healthy and retained placentas, comparing hemochorial and synepitheliochorial placentas.

The placenta expresses structural and biologically active proteins. Their synthesis is mainly regulated by genomic or nongenomic signals and modulated by hormones. These protein profiles are altered during different stages of pregnancy. The biological properties of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins were defined and described in a number of tissues including placenta. These properties enable them to be the main players in the processes of attachment or invasion into the endometrium during initial placenta formation and its timely separation after delivery and detachment. In this review, we focused on the role of ECM proteins during attachment of the placenta to the uterine wall, its timely separation, and the implications of this process on retained or pathologically attached placenta. Although the amount of published information in this area is relatively scant, some of the key proteins and processes are well defined. We focused on the available data detailing the ECM protein profiles of human (histologically thin; hemochorial) and bovine (histologically thick; epitheliochorial) placentas and compared the shared and unique ECM proteins that are relevant to placental attachment and separation.

[Surgical approach in cases of adnexal pathology in adolescents and young women]. / Postepowanie operacyjne w przypadkach patologii przydatków dziewczat i mlodych kobiet.

Retrospective analysis comprised 108 cases of adnexal pathology found at laparotomy in the group of adolescents and young women up to the age of 25. The most common condition necessitating the laparotomy was hemorrhagic corpus luteum (24% of cases). Adnexal cysts of different but benign histological structure had been found in 30.5% of cases. Malignant germ cell tumors (6 cases--dysgerminoma and teratoma immaturum) all of which at Ia stage at the time of laparotomy, had been treated conservatively with unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Authors suggest that the conservative approach should be applied in most cases of adolescents' adnexal pathology.

[Endometriosis in clinical materials from the years 1981-1990]. / Endometrioza w materiale klinicznym w latach 1981-1990.

In the group of 213 women with diagnosed endometriosis, after the histological analysis of the samples obtained during surgical procedure the following factors have been determined: the character and frequency of complaints, prevalence of the disease depending on the age of patients, it's localisation, coexistence with the neoplasms of the genital tract, indications for the surgical treatment and it's type. Taking into account the difficulties in diagnosing endometriosis, it's occurrence in young women and the possibility of malignant transformation along with the coexistence with malignant neoplasms of genital tract, we are convinced that the surgical intervention should be undertaken in order to achieve the better cure rate as well as to improve the accuracy of diagnosis.

[An evaluation of agreement between cytologic, colposcopic and histologic results in neoplasms of the uterine neck]. / Ocena zgodnosci wyników badan cytologicznych, kolposkopowych i histologicznych w sródnablonkowej neoplazji szyjki macicy.

There was carried out a retrospective analysis of cytologic, and colposcopic examination results in a group of 748 women with diagnosed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) basing on histologic examinations of topical biopsy samples. In the CIN III group, in addition, results of preoperative histologic examinations were compared with those of postoperative histologic examinations. The examinations showed that a complex CIN diagnosis, including cytologic and colposcopic examination combined with taking topical biopsy samples achieves high accuracy and makes surgical conization a safe medical procedure in such cases. Histologic examination of the postoperative material determines further (follow-up) procedures.

[Personal observations concerning surgical treatment of urinary stress incontinence in women]. / Wlasne spostrzezenia dotyczace operacyjnego leczenia wysilkowego nietrzymania moczu u kobiet.

Own observations concerning surgical treatment of urinary stress incontinence based upon the clinical follow-up of 82 treated women are presented. Depending on the method of surgical treatment, patients with urinary stress incontinence have been divided into 3 groups: I group-(42 women), where retropubic colpo-uretero-pexy has been performed following the rules previously suggested by Tanagho, Sprogis et al., with 92.8% of positive result, II group-(34 women), where Mieszczerski or Fothergill type of surgery has been performed, with 88.2% of positive results, and III group-(6 women), where vaginal vault has been suspended to the musculo-fascial flap, with positive results in all treated patients. The obtained results suggest that in every case of urinary stress incontinence the conservative approach should be the primary strategy of treatment. Analysis of the results revealed that retropubic colpo-uretero-pexy was an effective surgical method of urinary stress incontinence treatment in women with no cystocele and with proper uterine statics. In patients with correct uterine statics but with coexisting cystocoele, even of a minor grade, retropubical kolpouretropexy should be joined with the surgery from a vaginal access.

[Amniotic fluid index during labor in women with EPH gestosis]. / Indeks plynu owodniowego u rodzacych z gestoza EPH.

Intrapartal cardiotocographic disturbances of fetal heart rate patterns, the way of delivery and the neonate state have been analyzed in the group of 61 women in labor with pregnancy complicated by EPH gestosis. The results have been compared with pre-labor values of amniotic fluid index (AFI) in that group. In the group of 30 women in labor with AFI < or = 5 cm the analysis revealed the higher prevalence of non stress test reactivity losses, severe variable decelerations, late decelerations, cesarean sections and lower birth weight in comparison with the group of 31 women in labor with AFI > 5 cm. The study revealed that pre-labor AFI value estimation is usefull in predicting possibilities of fetal compromise during labor in women with pregnancies complicated by EPH gestosis.

[Influence of ethyl alcohol on resistance of lobular blood vessels of human placentas during in vitro perfusion]. / Wplyw alkoholu etylowego na opory naczyniowe zrazika lozyska ludzkiego w warunkach perfuzji in vitro.

25 human placentae lobuli obtained from normal, term deliveries were examined. Two-sided, closed perfusion according to modified Schneider method was used. Pressure of perfusion was recorded independently in maternal and fetal circulation using mercurial manometer and Ludwig kymograph++. Ethyl alcohol was dosed in single portion of 50 mg (A-1 group) and 250 mg (A-2 group) in 10% concentration (real concentration respectively 0.1 and 0.5%). In control group 0.9% NaCl was used. Decrease of the blood-vessel resistance in maternal and fetal circulation was observed. The relaxation was dependent on ethyl alcohol concentration.

[Studies of the methodologic value of perfusion of human placenta by the Schneider method. III. Production of alpha hcg and beta hcg during bilateral perfusion of human cotyledon]. / Badania nad metodyczna wartoscia perfuzji zrazika lozyska ludzkiego sposobem Schneidera. III. Produkcja alfa hcg i beta hcg w czasie dwustronnej perfuzji zrazika lozyska ludzkiego.

While continuing the series of research into various aspects of human placental tissue during bilateral perfusion of after birth cotyledon in vitro, the authors made an attempt to evaluate the production of alpha hCG and beta hCG. The research was done by modified Schneider procedure. Nine experiments were carried out in different cotyledons, in each case during 120 minutes. The authors found the content of alpha hCG in mother extracorporeal circulation (M) 105.5 +/- 76.8 ng/ml, whereas in fetal circulation (F) 2.6 +/- 1.5 ng/ml. Beta hCG was found only in mother circulation and it amounted to 0.9 +/- 0.4 ng/ml. The content of beta hCG in foetal circulation in all time intervals was 0 ng/ml. Basing on their own research the authors presume that placental tissue during bilateral perfusion in vitro preserves functional activity as to the hormone examined during 120 minutes of experiment.

[Metabolism of triglycerides of the placenta during extraorganic circulation]. / Einige Aspekte des Metabolismus von Triglyzeriden der Plazenta im ausserorganischen Kreislauf.

An attempt has been made to evaluate the behaviour of triglycerides in the perfusional liquid of the human placenta under the influence of orciprenaline in the quantity of 40 micrograms/min and papaverine in quantity of 320 micrograms/min. In own experiments the authors discovered that these drugs which are given in the above mentioned doses increase the tension of the anaerobic metabolism of the placenta which is expressed by the quotient of lactate/pyruvate. The examinations were made on 30 placentas which were perfused extracorporally. In the control group of the placentas isotonic saline was administered. Concentration of triglycerides in the perfusion fluid was determined 30, 60, 90, 120 minute after beginning the experiment. Increase in the concentration of triglycerides after administration of orciprenaline was found and a constant decrease after the application of papaverine. Based on examinations of the metabolism of glucose in an identical experimental model and observations made by other authors a hypothesis was put forward that the increased synthesis of triglycerides is a reflection of the increasing tension of the anaerobic metabolism of the placenta. This process may constitute a compensatory mechanism of the metabolic activity of the placenta in the conditions of the limited accessibility of oxygen. The synthesis of triglycerides in ischemic tissue can perform two basic functions: 1. it assures constant regeneration of NADP, 2. it eliminates the endproducts of glycolyse transforming the pyruvate through the acetylo-CoA into the fatty acid and triglycerides. The increase of synthesis of triglycerides serves as replacement of oxygen and makes it possible to maintain the hexose-monophosphate shunt activity and Embden-Mayerhof pathway.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)