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1.
Biol Sport ; 41(1): 29-39, 2024 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38188123

RESUMO

This study aimed to examine the effect of goalkeeper distribution on offensive team performance, during the 2018/2019 and 2019-2020 seasons of the Women Spanish La Liga. A total of 10,868 distributions, during 376 matches were analyzed by systematic observation. Two UEFA PRO coaches designed an ad hoc observation instrument "GOALDFOOT" and one observer coded the data after a training process. An intra-observer reliability kappa index of 0.94 was established. Results show how the offensive effectiveness of the goalkeepers was similar to outfield players, with 0.4% of possessions ending in a goal, 2.2% ending in an attempt on goal, with 79.4% ending unsuccessfully. The goalkeeper lost possession from their distribution 32.5% of the time. Multivariate analysis identified several predictors of goalkeepers' distributions. The results show that teams classified in the middle zone of the final classification of the regular league had 1.2 times more probability of being successful compared with the lowest ranked teams (p < 0.05). Goalkeeper's distribution beginning during Open play after a transition, represented an increase success rate of almost 3 times compared to being performed from a free kick (p < 0.05). Passes from outfield players to a goalkeeper made from distant zones to the own goal, decreased the probability of success (p < 0.001). The pitch location of the distribution outcome near to the opponent goal offered the best probability of success. In conclusion, the most effective offensive sequences occur with dynamic transitions initiated with short passes. This information can provide coaches and players with insights to improve the offensive performance of goalkeepers.

2.
PLoS One ; 18(11): e0294317, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37967135

RESUMO

The aim of the study was to describe the usual practices in the execution of throw-ins by La Liga teams during the 2021-2022 season, identify tactical indicators related to the outcome of plays that start with a throw-in, calculate their predictive power, and finally analyse the influence of situational variables on the effectiveness of these plays. A total of 2,658 throw-ins, during 80 matches were analysed. Two UEFA PRO coaches designed an ad hoc observation instrument "Thrinfoot" and two observers coded the data after a training process. Inter and intra-observer reliability was calculated using Cohen´s Kappa coefficient, revealing almost perfect agreement. Multinomial logistic regression was applied to predict the throw-ins outcome (p<0.05). Results showed how fast throw-ins (OR = 0.7, p<0.05), without pressing (OR = 0.4, p<0.001), short and backwards (OR = 0.3, p<0.01) in the central zone (OR = 0.6, p<0.01) and made in the 16´-30´ (OR = 0.6, p<0.01), 61´-75´ (OR = 0.7, p< 0.05) periods, presented higher probabilities of continuing with possession. Match status losing>2 (OR = 4.1, p< 0.05) showed higher probabilities of success. On the other hand, throw-ins from the defensive zone presented higher probabilities of unsuccess (OR = 8.6, p<0.01) and losing possession (OR = 1.8, p<0.01). Finally, the bottom teams showed the highest probability of losing the ball. In conclusion, tactical indicators such as duration, press, distance, direction and zone were identified as key performance indicators and the situational variables team quality, match status and time influence the outcome of throw-ins. These findings provide valuable insights to coaches regarding the factors that influence the outcome of throw-ins. This allows them to design optimal strategies for both executing and defending these plays based on the game situation and their immediate aims.


Assuntos
Desempenho Atlético , Futebol , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Logro
4.
Front Psychol ; 14: 1128549, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37275689

RESUMO

Introduction: Scientific knowledge about the criteria that determine success in women's football is beginning to develop. Methods: This study was carried out with the aim of detecting regularities in the offensive success in elite women's football, as well as carrying out an interrelational analysis of linked behaviors, based on in-depth interviews with professional coaches and players. Eight in-depth interviews were conducted with professional Spanish coaches and players. The interviews were analyzed by indirect observation from a process of "quantitizing," through the construction of an indirect observation ad hoc instrument. The segmentation of the transcription of the interviews was carried out in textual units, and the creation of a matrix of codes. Two types of analysis were performed: first, a lag sequential analysis (LSA) was performed and, then, a polar coordinates analysis (PCA), which allowed to find, respectively, a wide number of established communicative patterns with offensive performance in women's football, as well as an interrelational map between the established codes. Results: The results obtained allowed us to suggest a statistically significant association between success in women's football and criteria such as the physical characteristics of a particular player, the individual action space, the duration of the attack, the type of dynamic start, individual and collective technical and tactical aspects, decision making and the type of attack used. Discussion: Based on these results, the influence of these criteria on performance in women's soccer can be studied in future studies. In addition, with the aim of increasing the validity of these conclusions, new studies on this subject may be carried out following strategies such as the Delphi Method.

5.
Front Psychol ; 14: 1085980, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36935977

RESUMO

Introduction: Scientific literature contains mainly systematic reviews focused on substantial aspects, but there are also approaches that have combined both substantial and methodological aspects, which is our preferred option since it undeniably adds value. The aims of this study were: (1) to carry out a systematic review of the literatura on T-Pattern analysis (TPA), and (2) to explore the possible contribution of mixed methods research to the integration of qualitative and quantitative elements on a synthesis level. Methods: Based on PRISMA guidelines, searches were carried out in the Scopus, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases. The general search syntax was: "THEME" AND ("T-Patterns" OR "T Patterns") carried out in title, keywords and abstract. In addition, we included empirical articles on THEME and T-Patterns collected in other sources based on citations in several empirical works and consultations with different authors. This selection process resulted in 125 primary documents making up this systematic review. Results: The results showed that the detection of structures in behavior patterns forms a nexus between studies carried out in very diverse fields and contexts. Most studies are observational, whilst the applicability and power of T-Pattern detection are extraordinary. It allows the researcher to go deeper in a robust analysis that responds to the integration of qualitative and quantitative elements which constitutes the leit motive of mixed methods; and also to discover the deep, hidden structure that underlies the respective databases, regardless of the methodology used in each study. The possibilities in assigning parameters notably increase the options for obtaining results and their interpretation. Discussion: It is relevant the extraordinary strength and applicability of T-pattern detection. There is a high presence of T-pattern detection and analysis in studies using observational methodology. It is necessary commit to consolidating the methodological analysis of selected works, as taking individual and collective responsibility for improving methodological quality of TPA studies, taking advantage of the resources provided by the THEME program.

6.
Cuad. psicol. deporte ; 23(1): 282-295, ene.-abr. 2023. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-214825

RESUMO

El fútbol femenino está experimentando un notable crecimiento desde hace unos años a esta parte. La investigación científica debe estar a la vanguardia de este crecimiento, proponiendo recomendaciones con aval científico que ayude a mejorar la toma de decisiones en el campo aplicado. En el presente estudio se analiza una de las variables contextuales más estudiadas en fútbol masculino de alto rendimiento, como es la influencia del resultado parcial en las posesiones de balón. Para ello, se han recogido y analizado 6063 posesiones de balón realizadas durante los dos campeonatos del mundo más recientes, el FIFA Women ́s World Cup 2015 y 2019. Para ello, se han llevado a cabo dos tipos de análisis: en primer lugar, un análisis univariado para conocer incidencia,eficacia y prácticas habituales de este tipo de acciones; en segundo lugar, a nivel bivariado, se pretende conocer la posible influencia del resultado parcial (ganando, empatando o perdiendo) en los diferentes criterios considerados. Los resultados disponibles indican que las posesiones de balón son acciones que tienen una alta incidencia durante los partidos, pero con un índice de eficacia muy reducido). A nivel bivariado, el resultado parcial sí modula el comportamiento de ciertos criterios como la formade inicio de la posesión, la duración, el número de pases o el contexto de interacción. Los resultados del presente estudio pueden ayudar a las entrenadoras de fútbol durante su labor al frente de los equipos. (AU)


Women's football has been experiencing notable growth for a few years now. Scientific research must be at the forefront of this growth, proposing scientifically backed recommendations that help improve decision-making in the applied field. In the present study, one of the most studied contextual variables in high performance men's soccer is analyzed, such as the influence of the partial result on ball possessions. To do this, 6063 ball possessions made during the two most recent world championships, the FIFA Women's World Cup 2015 and 2019, have been collected and analyzed. To do this, two types of analysis have been carried out: firstly, a univariate analysis to find out the incidence, efficacy andhabitual practices of this type of actions; secondly, at a bivariate level, it is intended to know the possible influence of the partial result (winning, drawing or losing) on the different criteria considered. The available results indicate that ball possessions are actions that have a high incidence during matches, but with a very low efficiency rate). At a bivariate level, the partial result does modulate the behavior of certain criteria such as the manner in which possession begins, the duration, the number of passes or the context of interaction. The results of this study can help soccer coaches during their work in charge of the teams. (AU)


O futebol feminino vem experimentando um crescimento notável há alguns anos. A pesquisa científica deve estar na vanguarda desse crescimento, propondo recomendações cientificamente respaldadas que ajudem a melhorar a tomada de decisões no campo aplicado. No presente estudo, analisa-se uma das variáveis contextuais mais estudadas no futebol masculino de alto rendimento, como a influência do resultado parcial na posse de bola. Para isso, foram coletadas e analisadas 6.063 posses de bola feitas durante os dois últimos campeonatos mundiais, a Copa do Mundo Feminina da FIFA 2015 e 2019. Para isso, dois tipos de análise foram realizados: em primeiro lugar, uma análise univariada para conhecer a incidência, eficácia e práticas habituais deste tipo de ação; em segundo lugar, a nível bivariado, pretende-se conhecer a possível influência do resultado parcial (vitória, empate ou derrota) nos diferentes critérios considerados. Os resultados disponíveis indicam que as posses de bola são ações com alta incidência duranteas partidas, mas com baixíssimo índice de eficiência). A nível bivariado, o resultado parcial modula o comportamento de certos critérios como a forma de início da posse, a duração, o número de passes ou o contexto da interação. Os resultados deste estudo podem auxiliar os treinadores de futebol durante seu trabalho à frente das equipes. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Futebol , Desempenho Atlético , Comportamento Competitivo , Incidência
7.
Scand J Med Sci Sports ; 32(11): 1650-1659, 2022 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35801395

RESUMO

Over the last few years, there has been considerable increase in scientific knowledge about women's football. However, the tactical and tactical-strategic aspects have not yet been sufficiently covered in scientific literature. Therefore, this work proposed the following aims: To describe how the offensive phase is produced in women's football, to identify the significant statistical criteria that may be modulating success in attack, and finally to propose different predictive success models, with the ultimate aim of passing this knowledge on to the applied field. The observational methodology was used, one of the most appropriate methodologies for the analysis of motor behaviors in sport. The units of analysis collected and analyzed were 6063 attacks carried out during the FIFA Women's World Cup Canada 2015 and France 2019. The available results demonstrate that, on the one hand, offensive team actions are ineffective (almost 70% finish unsuccessfully), but criteria such as the start form of the attack, zone of ball possession, partial match result, or ball possession time are statistically significant criteria that modulate attack success (goal, shot or pass into the area). Lastly, the multivariate results allow us to propose a theoretical model, passing the probability of success from 31% in the absence of a model, to a theoretical auction probability of 52.6%, based on fast attacks with the intervention of few players, and with possession zone in the opposite field. These results could be directly transferred to the practical field where trainers and technical bodies can put this information into practice in training sessions or matches.


Assuntos
Desempenho Atlético , Futebol , Logro , Feminino , Humanos , Probabilidade
9.
Environ Geochem Health ; 44(12): 4359-4379, 2022 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35050441

RESUMO

In this work, a regional-scale strategy to characterize the radon activity levels in the Canary Islands (Spain) is described. The main objectives of this strategy consisted of (1) studying the likely relationship between radon concentration and lithology of the rock matrix through the lithological data of 247 samples from volcanic rocks of the Canary Islands and (2) implementing a series of monitoring sites in the form of boreholes and wells to study the evolution of radon-in-air activity on a daily to yearly timescale.


Assuntos
Radônio , Espanha , Poços de Água
10.
Front Psychol ; 12: 695853, 2021.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34456811

RESUMO

The analysis of football grows exponentially, with many researchers adopting it as an object of study. The thematic range that addresses it, as well as the different methodologies used, are of a very different nature-physical, psychological, technical, tactical-enriching every day the knowledge, and understanding of the game itself. The objective of this study has been to identify the differences between the different styles of play that lead to becoming the champion of the UEFA Champions League in the last 3 years of the pre-COVID stage, by analyzing the spatial performance developed, the association between the players that make up the different lines of the game system and the analysis of the various technical actions that are developed to carry out the offensive phase of each team. For this, the Observational Methodology and two types of analysis have been used: quantitative, by calculating X 2, and qualitative, by applying the Polar Coordinates technique. The results obtained show the relationship that is established between the different lines that make up the offensive systems of the champion teams of this competition, as well as the relationship of significance that is established between the use of space-width and depth-and the technical means used to achieve success, the goal.

11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34072971

RESUMO

Women's football is a phenomenon that is experiencing an unstoppable increase in recent years. The objective of this study was to analyze how ball possessions are performed in high-performance women's football. For this, the 52 matches played by all the national teams participating in the Women's World Cup 2015 were analyzed. A total of 3740 ball possessions were examined. Using the "move outcome" variable as a reference criterion, a statistically significant relationship was found between possessions that ended in success and possessions that have failed. Specifically, the successful possessions were those that were made in the offensive zone, with a clear intention to progress towards the rival goal, with a low number of passes, and made in the second half of the matches. The results of the logistic regression showed that the proposed model is statistically significant, with an acceptable explanatory capacity. Finally, the results of the decision tree evidence the success of those possessions aiming at a quick completion, with very few passes and the offensive zone as a priority area for the possession.


Assuntos
Desempenho Atlético , Futebol , Feminino , Humanos , Logro , Objetivos
12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33808634

RESUMO

The use of principal component analysis (PCA) provides information about the main characteristics of teams, based on a set of indicators, instead of displaying individualized information for each of these indicators. In this work we have considered reducing an extensive data matrix to improve interpretation, using PCA. Subsequently, with new components and with multiple linear regression, we have carried out a comparative analysis between the best and bottom teams of LaLiga. The sample consisted of the matches corresponding to the 2015/16, 2016/17 and 2017/18 seasons. The results showed that the best teams were characterized and differentiated from bottom teams in the realization of a greater number of successful passes and in the execution of a greater number of dynamic offensive transitions. The bottom teams were characterized by executing more defensive than offensive actions, showing fewer number of goals and a greater ball possession time in the final third of the field. Goals, ball possession time in the final third of the field, number of effective shots and crosses are the main discriminating performance factors of football. This information allows us to increase knowledge about the key performance indicators (KPI) in football.


Assuntos
Desempenho Atlético , Futebol Americano , Futebol , Análise Multivariada , Análise de Componente Principal
13.
J Strength Cond Res ; 35(4): 1110-1118, 2021 Apr 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30507732

RESUMO

ABSTRACT: Martínez-Cabrera, FI, Núñez-Sánchez, FJ, Losada, J, Otero-Esquina, C, Sánchez, H, and De Hoyo, M. Use of individual relative thresholds to assess acceleration in young soccer players according to initial speed. J Strength Cond Res 35(4): 1110-1118, 2021-The aims of the current study were (a) to analyze the characteristics of acceleration efforts using individual relative thresholds according to the initial speed during official matches in elite young soccer players according to player position and (b) to compare the differences between absolute and relative thresholds in assessing high-intensity acceleration. Player acceleration profiles were assessed using an individual relative threshold based on their acceleration capacity at different initial speeds (standing, 6, 10.8, and 15 km·h-1), and the number of accelerations (>75% of the maximal acceleration) performed during soccer matches was divided into 3 categories attending to the initial speed. (S1 = 0-7 km·h-1; S2 = 7.1-14 km·h-1; and S3 = ≥14.1 km·h-1). Within-group analyses showed that the number of accelerations performed in each category was higher when the effort started from a static or walking position than at moderate- or high-intensity running (S1 > S2 > S3; very likely to almost certain). Between-group analyses revealed substantial differences between some playing positions according to initial speed. In S1 and S3, central defenders had the lowest number of accelerations (likely to almost certain), whereas midfielders had the greatest number of high-intensity accelerations in S1 and S2. There were also substantial differences between the other playing positions (possibly to almost certain). Regarding relative and absolute thresholds (>3 m·s-2), the results showed that absolute threshold overestimated the number of high-intensity accelerations compared with the individual relative threshold in S1 and underestimated the results in S2 and S3 (almost certain). The use of an individual relative threshold to measure acceleration demands allows to distinguish between the numbers of accelerations in function of the initial speed and playing positions. In addition, the absolute acceleration threshold could overestimate or underestimate the acceleration demands in young soccer players as a function of the initial speed. Then, the absolute acceleration thresholds should be taken with caution in the assessment of acceleration activities.


Assuntos
Desempenho Atlético , Corrida , Futebol , Aceleração , Sistemas de Informação Geográfica , Humanos , Caminhada
15.
Front Psychol ; 11: 1044, 2020.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32581931

RESUMO

Motor development is an inseparable component of cognitive development. So, to develop the mind, it is necessary to work the body. Therefore, Early Childhood Education curricula and the scientific literature emphasize the need to promote the development of motor skills during the 1st years of life. These skills are necessary for learning and subsequent academic performance. However, studies frequently offer only a partial view of these relationships. Few works have analyzed the specific relationships between different components of preschool gross and fine motor skills and subsequent performance on different academic competencies. Further, they present discrepant results. The aim of this study was to determinate which specific components of gross and fine motor skills assessed in Spanish students during the final year of Early Childhood Education (5 to 6-year-olds) were associated with different academic competencies assessed in the following academic year, when the students were in their 1st year of Primary Education. The final sample consisted of 38 Spanish students, aged 5. A mixed methods approach was used. It consisted of systematic observation to assess specific components of gross and fine motor skills when children were in the Early Childhood Education period, and selective methodology to evaluate their academic competencies (specifically in literacy and mathematics and overall), 1 year later, once in Primary Education. Multiple linear regression models were constructed using the computing language R to examine the association between motor skills and academic competencies. The results indicated that only the components of fine motor skills showed associations with academic competencies. The pattern of association varied when literacy and mathematics competencies were specifically and individually assessed and when overall academic competency was considered. The two assessed fine motor skills (Coordination and Integration) were associated with literacy competency (ß = 0.344, p = 0.025; ß = 0.349, p = 0.024, respectively) and overall academic competency (ß = 0.267, p = 0.065; ß = 0.493, p = 0.001, respectively). However, only Integration was associated with mathematics competency (ß = 0.476, p = 0.002). The "Discussion" section focuses on the educational implications of these results and future research. It highlights the importance of early assessment of fine motor skills to identify students likely to present inadequate subsequent academic performance and the need to apply instruction and interventions tailored to the specific needs of each child.

16.
Front Psychol ; 11: 487, 2020.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32265794

RESUMO

The objective of this study was to examine the effect of the situational match status variable on the ball possession of the teams that participated in the 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup. The 52 games played during the championship have been collected, and 3,740 ball possessions made by the teams were analyzed. The teams have been divided into successful and unsuccessful. Three types of analysis have been carried out: a univariate analysis for both groups with the categorical and continuous variables selected; a bivariate analysis, using chi-square tests and the exact Fischer test; and finally, a multivariable technique such as the decision trees was incorporated. The available results show significant differences between the two groups considered. Specifically, there are significant differences between winning and losing teams in terms of match status. The results of the post hoc test have shown that unsuccessful teams make few ball possessions with a winning match status, most of the possessions are performed when they are losing. Instead, successful teams make more possessions when they are winning than when they are losing. Also, spend more time keeping the ball in their offensive zone, and completing a greater number of passes in it. The results of the decision tree identified that the unsuccessful teams have more ball possessions in forward and middle lines with a draw during the first half, while in the second, a large percentage of possessions are made with an unfavorable match status. Instead, the successful teams have more ball possessions in the first part with a draw, while in the second it happens with a favorable match status.

18.
Psicothema (Oviedo) ; 31(4): 458-464, nov. 2019. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-192257

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: No existing instrument addresses the minimum number of items that guarantee methodological quality in studies based on observational methodology. Consequently, professionals who are not experts in observational methodology do not have a basic framework to guide their practice in this type of study. This study developed a checklist to measure the minimum number of items for methodological quality that studies based on observational methodology should consider and provided evidence of their validity based on test content and intercoder reliability. METHOD: Fifty-four judges with at least 1 year of experience in observational methodology and research based on this methodology evaluated the items of the developed checklist in terms of relevance, usefulness, and feasibility. Items were selected if they obtained at least .5 in the Osterlind indexes of the three aspects evaluated. Two coders applied the selected items to a random selection of articles that used observational methodology to investigate soccer, and intercoder reliability was examined using Cohen's kappa (k) coefficients. RESULTS: The final checklist included 16 items grouped into 11 criteria/dimensions, with adequate reliability coefficients. CONCLUSIONS: This study developed a useful instrument for non-expert professionals to enhance the methodological quality of studies based on observational methodology


ANTECEDENTES: no existen instrumentos referidos a los ítems mínimos que garanticen la calidad metodológica en estudios basados en metodología observacional. En consecuencia, los profesionales no expertos en metodología observacional no disponen de una guía básica que oriente su práctica en este tipo de estudios. Se desarrolló una escala para medir los ítems mínimos de calidad metodológica que deben considerar los estudios basados en metodología observacional aportando evidencias de su validez basada en el contenido de la prueba y fiabilidad intercodificadores. MÉTODO: cincuenta y cuatro jueces con al menos un año de experiencia en metodología observacional y su aplicación evaluaron los ítems del checklist elaborado respecto a su relevancia, utilidad y viabilidad. Se seleccionaron aquellos ítems que obtuvieron al menos ,5 en los índices de Osterlind en los tres aspectos evaluados. Dos codificadores los aplicaron a una selección aleatoria de artículos que utilizaron metodología observacional en fútbol y se estudió la fiabilidad intercodificadores mediante coeficientes kappa (k) de Cohen. RESULTADOS: la escala resultante constó de 16 ítems agrupados en 11 criterios/dimensiones, con coeficientes de fiabilidad adecuados. CONCLUSIONES: se desarrolló un instrumento útil dirigido a profesionales no expertos para potenciar la calidad metodológica de estudios basados en metodología observacional


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Lista de Checagem/normas , Observação/métodos , Guias como Assunto , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Futebol
19.
Psicothema ; 31(4): 458-464, 2019 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31634092

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: No existing instrument addresses the minimum number of items that guarantee methodological quality in studies based on observational methodology. Consequently, professionals who are not experts in observational methodology do not have a basic framework to guide their practice in this type of study. This study developed a checklist to measure the minimum number of items for methodological quality that studies based on observational methodology should consider and provided evidence of their validity based on test content and intercoder reliability. METHOD: Fifty-four judges with at least 1 year of experience in observational methodology and research based on this methodology evaluated the items of the developed checklist in terms of relevance, usefulness, and feasibility. Items were selected if they obtained at least .5 in the Osterlind indexes of the three aspects evaluated. Two coders applied the selected items to a random selection of articles that used observational methodology to investigate soccer, and intercoder reliability was examined using Cohen's kappa (k) coefficients. RESULTS: The final checklist included 16 items grouped into 11 criteria/dimensions, with adequate reliability coefficients. CONCLUSIONS: This study developed a useful instrument for non-expert professionals to enhance the methodological quality of studies based on observational methodology.


Assuntos
Lista de Checagem/normas , Observação/métodos , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Guias como Assunto , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Futebol
20.
Educ. med. (Ed. impr.) ; 20(supl.2): 86-92, sept. 2019. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-193069

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: En un estudio anterior se realizó la validación de una metodología dirigida a contribuir a la trayectoria de aprendizaje desarrolladora de la habilidad de solucionar problemas clínicos en los estudiantes de la asignatura Urología. OBJETIVO: Evaluar la efectividad de la aplicación de la mencionada metodología en la práctica educativa de la asignatura a través de la realización de la fase experimental de la investigación. MÉTODO: Se realizó un estudio de intervención pedagógica de diseño cuasiexperimental en la asignatura Urología de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Sancti Spiritus en el curso académico 2015-2016, mediante la aplicación de una metodología centrada en una situación clínica de enseñanza-aprendizaje desarrolladora. RESULTADOS: Las mediciones realizadas en las calificaciones obtenidas por los estudiantes en la prueba pedagógica, y en los niveles de dominio de las invariantes funcionales de la habilidad solucionar problemas clínicos, realizadas al inicio y al final del experimento en el grupo control y el grupo experimental, mostraron una tendencia favorable después de la intervención pedagógica. Las medidas de tendencia central de las calificaciones expresan un aumento de estas en el grupo experimental al final del experimento. Igual tendencia mostró la evaluación de los niveles de dominio de las invariantes funcionales de la habilidad medidas a través de una escala cualitativa en cinco niveles. CONCLUSIONES: La metodología resultó efectiva en la modificación favorable de los indicadores de la habilidad solucionar problemas clínicos, expresada en niveles superiores de dominio de las invariantes funcionales de la ejecución de la habilidad por los estudiantes


INTRODUCTION: In a previous study an evaluation was made of a methodology aimed at contributing to the development of a clinical problem solving learning path for students of the Urology subject. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of the application of the aforementioned methodology in the educational practice of the subject by conducting the experimental phase of the investigation. METHOD: A study of pedagogical intervention of quasi-experimental design was performed in the subject Urology of Sancti Spiritus Medical Sciences University in the academic year 2015-2016, by using a methodology focused on a clinical situation of a teaching-learning developer. RESULTS: The measurements made on the student scores in the pedagogical test and on the levels of the functional invariants domain of the clinical problem solving ability, performed at the beginning and at the end of the experiment in the control group and experimental group, showed a favourable trend after the pedagogical intervention. The measures of central tendency of the grades showed an increase of these in the experimental group at the end of the experiment. The same tendency showed the evaluation of the functional invariants domain levels of the ability measured using a five-level qualitative scale. CONCLUSIONS: The methodology was effective in modifying the indicators of the ability to solve clinical problems, expressed in higher levels in the functional invariants domain of the execution of the skill by students


Assuntos
Humanos , Urologia/educação , Aprendizagem , Resolução de Problemas , Tomada de Decisões
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