RESUMO
From the aerial parts of Asperula lutea subsp. rigidula (Halacsy) Ehrend., an endemic plant of south-eastern Greece, nine known compounds, beta-sitosterol, geniposidic acid, deacetyl-asperuloside, scandoside, chlorogenic acid, quercetin, hyperin, isoquercitrin and rutin, were isolated. From the analysis of a non polar fraction of the methanolic extract by means of GC and GC-MS, eighteen compounds were identified, mainly esters of fatty acids. The major components were the ethyl esters ofpalmitic acid (32.7%), linolenic acid (20.1%) and linoleic acid (10.5%).
Assuntos
Rubiaceae/metabolismo , Ácidos Graxos/análise , Flavonoides/análise , Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas , Rubiaceae/químicaRESUMO
The essential oil of the aerial parts of the endemic Achillea umbellata (Compositae) was obtained by hydrodistillation and analysed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Sixty-six constituents were identified. The major constituents of the oil were beta-thujone (62.8%) and camphor (8.7%).
Assuntos
Achillea/química , Óleos Voláteis/química , Óleos de Plantas/química , Monoterpenos Bicíclicos , Cânfora/química , Cromatografia Gasosa , Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas , Grécia , Monoterpenos/química , Óleos Voláteis/isolamento & purificação , Componentes Aéreos da Planta/químicaRESUMO
The volatile metabolites of Salvia fruticosa plants, growing wild in 15 localities scattered across Greece, were analyzed by means of GC and GC-MS. The essential oil content ranged from 0.69 to 4.68%, and the results of the analyses showed a noticeable variation in the amounts of the five main components [1,8-cineole, alpha-thujone, beta-thujone, camphor, and (E)-caryophyllene]. The antifungal activities of the essential oils from two localities, belonging in two different groups of cluster and principal component analysis, and their main components (1,8-cineole and camphor) were evaluated in vitro against five phytopathogenic fungi. Both oils were slightly effective against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. dianthi and Fusarium proliferatum, whereas against Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and Fusarium solani f. sp. cucurbitae the oils exhibited high antifungal activities.
Assuntos
Fungicidas Industriais/análise , Óleos de Plantas/química , Salvia/química , Microbiologia do Solo , Monoterpenos Bicíclicos , Cânfora/análise , Cicloexanóis/análise , Eucaliptol , Fungos/efeitos dos fármacos , Fungicidas Industriais/farmacologia , Monoterpenos/análise , Óleos Voláteis/química , Óleos Voláteis/farmacologia , Óleos de Plantas/farmacologia , Sesquiterpenos Policíclicos , Sesquiterpenos/análise , Terpenos/análiseRESUMO
Sixteen secondary metabolites of the green alga Caulerpa prolifera have been isolated, and their chemical structures elucidated by analysis of their spectroscopic data. Two groups of metabolites have been established, with either a 1,2-dihydro- (2a-2i) or a 1,2,3,3'-tetrahydro-2,3-didehydro (3a-3f) caulerpenyne carbon backbone. The terminal vinyl acetoxy group of caulerpenyne was substituted by various fatty acid residues. The antifouling activity of the algal extract was tested in laboratory assays against two of the major groups of fouling organisms (bacteria, microalgae).
Assuntos
Clorófitas/química , Sesquiterpenos/isolamento & purificação , Acetileno/química , Acetileno/isolamento & purificação , Acetileno/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/química , Antibacterianos/isolamento & purificação , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Bactérias/efeitos dos fármacos , Clorofila/análise , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Ecossistema , Ésteres/química , Ésteres/isolamento & purificação , Ésteres/farmacologia , Grécia , Inibidores do Crescimento/química , Inibidores do Crescimento/isolamento & purificação , Inibidores do Crescimento/farmacologia , Espectrometria de Massas , Estrutura Molecular , Sesquiterpenos/química , Sesquiterpenos/farmacologia , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
From the aerial parts of Hypericum triquetrifolium Turra (Guttiferae) 3-8"-biapigenin, quercetin, rutin and chlorogenic acid were isolated. Their structures were elucidated by spectral techniques. Furthermore, the phenolic compounds were tested for antioxidant activity, using an in vitro method based on sodium arachidonoate, bleomycin and thiobarbituric acid with alpha-tocopherol as the reference solution.
