RESUMO
RESUMEN La enseñanza-aprendizaje del inglés con fines médicos ha experimentado cambios metodológicos ante la necesidad de formar profesionales de la salud altamente competitivos ante las exigencias de la colaboración médica internacional. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo realizar un análisis histórico-tendencial del desarrollo de la enseñanza-aprendizaje del inglés con fines médicos en Cuba. En la investigación se asumió la dialéctica materialista como método general de la ciencia. Se utilizaron métodos teóricos, empíricos y matemático-estadísticos que posibilitaron el conocimiento de la evolución y desarrollo del objeto de investigación para revelar su historia, las etapas principales en su desarrollo y las conexiones históricas fundamentales, así como el análisis crítico de la información contentiva en documentos normativos y materiales sobre la temática. Se estableció la existencia de tres etapas fundamentales en el desarrollo de su enseñanza y aprendizaje determinadas por las exigencias didácticas y los sustentos teóricos asumidos.
ABSTRACT The teaching-learning process of English for medical purposes has undergone methodological changes in view of the need to train highly competitive health professionals in the face of the demands of international medical collaboration. The objective of this work is to perform a historical-trend analysis of the development of teaching-learning process of English for medical purposes in Cuba. In the investigation, the materialist dialectic was assumed as the general method of science. Theoretical, empirical and mathematical-statistical methods were used that allowed the knowledge of the evolution and development of the research object to reveal its history, the main stages in its development and the fundamental historical connections, as well as the critical analysis of the content information in normative documents and materials on the subject. It was established the existence of three fundamental stages in the development of their teaching and learning determined by the didactic demands and the assumed theoretical foundations.
RESUMO
The transference of proanthocyanidins from grapes to wine is quite low. This could be due, among other causes, to proanthocyanidins being bound to grape cell wall polysaccharides, which are present in high concentrations in the must. Therefore, the effective extraction of proanthocyanidins from grapes will depend on the ability to disrupt these associations, and, in this respect, enzymes that degrade these polysaccharides could play an important role. The main objective of this work was to test the behavior of proanthocyanidin-cell wall interactions when commercial maceration enzymes are present in the solution. The results showed that cell wall polysaccharides adsorbed a high amount of proanthocyanidins and only a limited quantity of proanthocyanidins could be desorbed from the cell walls after washing with a model solution. The presence of enzymes in the solution reduced the proanthocyanidin-cell wall interaction, probably through the elimination of pectins from the cell wall network.
