Vivencias de las personas mayores de una residencia durante el confinamiento por la COVID-19: un estudio cualitativo / Vivencias de las personas mayores de una residencia durante el confinamiento por la COVID-19: un estudio cualitativo

Objetivos: Conocer y explorar las preocupaciones y experiencias que genera el confinamiento por la COVID-19 en las personas mayores. Metodología: Estudio cualitativo de tipo fenomenológico basado en entrevistas semiestructuradas. La información se analizó mediante análisis de contenido y se verificó con la triangulación de los resultados. Resultados: Emergieron 8 categorías coincidentes: sentimientos durante el confinamiento, inquietudes por la salud, cambios en la propia salud, cambios en los hábitos de vida, apoyo profesionales de la salud, estrategias de afrontamiento, información sobre la COVID-19 y preocupaciones sobre el futuro. Conclusiones: Identificar las vivencias de los mayores durante el confinamiento por la COVID-19 ha mostrado, en esta población, las dificultades surgidas del día a día y las capacidades que han tenido que llevar a cabo para soportar y superar este difícil período de la pandemia (AU)

Objective: This paper aims to understand and explore the concerns and experiences generated by confinement by COVID-19 in the elderly. Methodology: Qualitative study of a phenomenological type based on semi-structured interviews. The information was analysed by content analysis and verified by the triangulation approach. Results: Eight coinciding categories emerged: feelings during confinement, health concerns, changes in one’s health, lifestyle changes, health professional support, coping strategies, information about COVID- 19, and concerns about the future. Conclusions: Identifying the experiences of the elderly during confinement by Covid-19 has shown in this population the difficulties that arise from day to day and the capacities that they have had to carry out to withstand and overcome this difficult period of the pandemic (AU)

Supraciliary versus intrascleral implantation with hema implant (Esnoper V-2000) in deep sclerectomy: a multicenter randomized controlled trial.

PURPOSE: To compare the supraciliary versus intrascleral implantation of the hema implant (Esnoper V-2000) in terms of the efficacy and safety in nonpenetrating deep sclerectomy (NPDS). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Prospective, randomized, unmasked, competitive and multicenter clinical trial. Eighty-three eyes from 83 patients suffering from open-angle glaucoma (40 males, 43 females) were enrolled and followed up for 12 months. Main outcome measures were best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), perimetry (mean defect, MD and Visual Field Index, VFI), pachymetry, number of antiglaucoma medications and analysis of blebs according Moorfields Bleb Grading. RESULTS: The IOP was significantly reduced in both groups from 23.74 ± 6.9 mmHg (implant sutured to the sclera, group 1) and 23.46 ± 6.47 mmHg (implant placed in the suprachoroidal space, group 2) to 15.43 ± 4.27 mmHg (p < 0.001) and 14.62 ± 3.64 mmHg (p < 0.001), respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in mean IOP values between the groups a year after the surgery (p = 0.581). BCVA did not show statistical differences in comparison with baseline (p = 0.09, group 1; p = 0.42, group 2). The mean number of antiglaucoma medications was reduced in both groups from 2.58 ± 0.04 and 2.68 ± 0.02 before the surgery to 0.32 ± 0.76 and 0.24 ± 0.66 after surgery. CONCLUSION: Nonpenetrating deep sclerectomy using hema implant (Esnoper V-2000) is safe and effective regardless of the positioning of the implant. We achieved IOP decrease and reduction in antiglaucoma medications during the first year after surgery without significant differences between both techniques.

Influence of psychological stress on headache in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the prevalence and disability of headache in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with the general population and to assess the role of chronic psychological stress (CPS) in headache development. METHODS: One hundred seventy patients with SLE and 102 control subjects matched for age, sex, and level of education were included in this multicenter, cross-sectional study. CPS, headache-related disability, and chronic analgesic intake (CAI) were evaluated in all participants. RESULTS: No statistical differences in the prevalence of headache between both groups were observed but headache disability was significantly higher in patients with SLE. In addition, a higher average score in the Cohen Perceived Stress Scale (CPSS) and a higher prevalence of patients with CAI were observed in patients with SLE. In multivariate analysis, CPSS score was positively (OR 1.09; 95% CI: 1.03-1.14; p = 0.001) and CAI negatively (OR 0.43; 95% CI: 0.19-0.99; p = 0.049) associated with headache in patients with SLE. CONCLUSION: Despite the prevalence of headache in patients with SLE and the general population being similar, headache-related disability may be higher in patients with SLE. Moreover, CPS might play a role in the pathogenesis of SLE headache, whereas CAI might have a protective effect against it.

OWLing Clinical Data Repositories With the Ontology Web Language.

BACKGROUND: The health sciences are based upon information. Clinical information is usually stored and managed by physicians with precarious tools, such as spreadsheets. The biomedical domain is more complex than other domains that have adopted information and communication technologies as pervasive business tools. Moreover, medicine continuously changes its corpus of knowledge because of new discoveries and the rearrangements in the relationships among concepts. This scenario makes it especially difficult to offer good tools to answer the professional needs of researchers and constitutes a barrier that needs innovation to discover useful solutions. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to design and implement a framework for the development of clinical data repositories, capable of facing the continuous change in the biomedicine domain and minimizing the technical knowledge required from final users. METHODS: We combined knowledge management tools and methodologies with relational technology. We present an ontology-based approach that is flexible and efficient for dealing with complexity and change, integrated with a solid relational storage and a Web graphical user interface. RESULTS: Onto Clinical Research Forms (OntoCRF) is a framework for the definition, modeling, and instantiation of data repositories. It does not need any database design or programming. All required information to define a new project is explicitly stated in ontologies. Moreover, the user interface is built automatically on the fly as Web pages, whereas data are stored in a generic repository. This allows for immediate deployment and population of the database as well as instant online availability of any modification. CONCLUSIONS: OntoCRF is a complete framework to build data repositories with a solid relational storage. Driven by ontologies, OntoCRF is more flexible and efficient to deal with complexity and change than traditional systems and does not require very skilled technical people facilitating the engineering of clinical software systems.

Enfermedad de Erdheim-Chester: aportación de un caso con afectación retroperitoneal tratado con interferón alfa-2a / Erdheim-Chester disease: Report of a case with retroperitoneal involvement treated with interferon alpha-2a

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Reliability of two color selection devices in matching and measuring tooth color.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to investigate the intra and interdevice reliability of two tooth color measurement devices: EasyShade (ES) and SpectroShade Micro (SSM). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Tooth color was measured in six maxillary and mandibular. L*, a* and b* values and shade matches to VITA Classical and Vitapan 3D-Master shade guide systems were determined for all teeth. ΔE was assessed. Paired t-test and correlation coefficient (ICC) were used. RESULTS: Intradevices no significant differences (p > 0.05) were found between L*, a*, b*. Interdevice L* and b* were significantly higher for ES (p < 0.05), while a* was significantly higher for SSM (p < 0.05). ΔE showed no significant interdevice difference (p > 0.05). Intradevices ICC values were higher for ES but not significant (p > 0.05). DISCUSSION: The null hypotheses that they present no differences in their color measuring within devices or shade systems is accepted, but the results allow to reject the null hypotheses that they present no differences in their color measuring or shade systems between devices. CONCLUSION: Both EasyShade (ES) and SpectroShade Micro (SSM) show excellent repeatability and so they can be used in office to evaluate tooth color or to assess color changes after treatment. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Dental color can be diagnosed using dental spectrophotometers, allowing to detect in an objective way therapeutic dental color changes.

Toothguide Training Box for dental color choice training.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of the Toothguide Training Box (TTB) for training dental students in color identification. The seventy-four volunteers who took part in the study attended a seminar on the Vita 3D Master Guide (MG) and the TTB system as well as a demonstration of the equipment before training began. At the end of the training they took the TTB final test. In addition, the participants were asked to recognize ten MG shade tabs in a blind manner before and after TTB training. The training times and percentages of correct answers were compared using the paired t-test. Variations in scores with training times and percentages of correct answers before and after training were compared using the ANOVA test. Training times between thirty-one and thirty-eight minutes provided a significantly higher mean score than training times of over thirty-eight minutes (p=0.036). The percentage of correct answers obtained with the MG before and after training shows a positive correlation. High TTB scores are associated with a greater number of correct answers in MG shade tab selection.

Explosión del vocabulario infantil y primer lenguaje: una revisión / Infant vocabulary spurt and first language: a review

En este trabajo se recogen varias cuestiones debatidas en la literatura acerca de la explosión del vocabulario. El carácter controvertido de la fase de explosión del vocabulario, su contenido y duración. Se discuten los diferentes criterios adoptados para definir de forma exhaustiva y operativa este período. Y por último, se exponen los factores que explican las posibles causas y diferencias encontradas en los estudios transculturales (AU)

In this work will be listed several issues discussed at the literature now about vocabulary spurt. The controversial nature of the phase of vocabulary spurt, its contents and duration. Discussed different criteria for defining exhaustively and operational this period. And finally, presents the factors that explain the possible causes and differences found in the transcultural studies (AU)

Bone marrow angiogenesis and angiogenic factors in multiple myeloma treated with novel agents.

INTRODUCTION: An increased bone marrow (BM) angiogenesis is associated with poor outcome in multiple myeloma (MM). OBJECTIVE: Angiogenesis study in MM treated with novel antimyeloma agents: thalidomide, lenalidomide, bortezomib, and with dexamethasone. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty-four patients with MM (14 newly diagnosed, 30 refractory/relapsed) were treated with novel agents at our institution. A BM biopsy was obtained before the initiation of therapy in 19. Angiogenesis was assessed by microvessel density (MVD) estimation in BM biopsies stained with the monoclonal anti-CD34 antibody, and by serum levels of angiogenic factors (VEGF, bFGF, and HGF) and cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha). RESULTS: A positive correlation was found between BM plasma cell involvement and MVD estimation (p=0.01). However, MVD was not significantly correlated with either disease phase (p=0.065) or response to therapy (p=0.79). Neither baseline serum levels of angiogenic cytokines correlated to response to treatment. No significant correlation was found between BM MVD and serum levels of angiogenic cytokines. Serum levels of angiogenic cytokines before and after therapy showed a significant increase of bFGF (p=0.008). CONCLUSION: There is no relationship between MVD estimation and baseline serum levels of angiogenic cytokines, neither between each of them and response to therapy.