Anti-inflammaging effects of vitamin D in human gingival fibroblasts with advanced glycation end product stimulation.

Background/purpose: :Both periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus (DM) are long-term inflammatory disorders that are highly prevalent and have a significant health impact. Inflammaging, a state of pre-aging and hyperinflammatory state has been acknowledged for its role in DM patients to have heightened risk of periodontitis. Numerous evidences revealed that inflammaging contributed by cell senescence, acceleration of inflammation and oxidative stress participates in the destruction of periodontium in DM. Abilities of vitamin D in suppressing inflammation and oxidative stress have been revealed in a range of tissues, however in DM's gingival cells, the effect remain undefined. Materials and methods: : Under the stimulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), we assessed the cell proliferation in human gingival fibroblast (HGF), IL-6 and IL-8 secretions, cellular senescence expression and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) with or without vitamin D intervention. Following that, we examined the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 to see if vitamin D was able to modulate the anti-oxidant signaling. A knockdown experiment was then conducted to proof the participation of Nrf2 on the secretion of pro-inflammatory IL-6 and IL-8. Results: : Following the treatment of vitamin D, AGEs-elicited IL-6 and IL-8 production and cell senescence were dose-dependently repressed. Moreover, vitamin D attenuated AGEs-induced ROS in a dose-dependent pattern. Results from qRT-PCR demonstrated vitamin D reversed the suppression of Nrf2 and HO-1 induced by AGEs. Our findings revealed that the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effect in vitamin D was mediated via the upregulation of Nrf2 expression. Conclusion: : These data showed that high levels of AGEs in the gingiva lead to inflammaging reflected by increased pro-inflammatory cytokines, cell senescence expression and oxidative stress. Vitamin D supplementation can reduce oxidative stress and inflammation via the upregulation of Nrf2 signaling and hence, may be a potential approach for treatment of diabetes-associated periodontitis.

Bromelain inhibits the inflammation and senescence effect in diabetic periodontitis: A preliminary in vitro study.

Background/purpose: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder that affects millions of people worldwide. A growing evidence suggests that hyperglycemia in DM causes a pre-aging and pro-inflammatory condition known as inflammaging, which increases periodontitis susceptibility. Bromelain has been demonstrated to have anti-inflammatory and anti-aging properties in variety of tissues, but its effects on diabetic periodontitis remain unclear. Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate the its Bromelain's impact in diabetic periodontitis in terms of inflammation and senescence activity. Materials and methods: We assessed the wound healing capacity, production of pro-inflammatory cytokines Interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 and senescence marker p16 in human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) in response to Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) stimulant, with or without Bromelain treatment. The expression of p65, p-ERK, and p-p38 were also examined to elucidate whether Bromelain's anti-inflammaging activity is mediated through NF-κB and MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. Results: Bromelain concentrations ranging from 2.5 to 20 g/mL had no adverse effect on HGF cell proliferation. Bromelain improved wound healing in HGFs with AGEs stimulation. In addition, Bromelain suppressed the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8 in HGFs elicited by AGEs. Meanwhile, Bromelain treatment also inhibited the senescence activity and expression of p16 in AGEs-stimulated HGFs. Western blot analysis indicated that the upregulation of p-ERK, p-p38 and p65 induced by AGEs were inhibited by Bromelain in HGFs. Conclusion: These data suggest that excessive AGEs in the gingiva may lead to the accumulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and marked senescence activity. Bromelain application may be helpful in enhancing wound healing by suppressing inflammaging via downregulation of NF-κB and MAPK/ERK signaling pathways in DM individuals with periodontal disease.

Factors that regulate the conformation of m-benziporphodimethene complexes: agostic metal-arene interaction, hydrogen bonding, and η2,π coordination.

Group 12 and silver(I) tetramethyl-m-benziporphodimethene (TMBPDM) complexes with phenyl, methylbenzoate, or nitrophenyl groups as meso substituents were synthesized and fully characterized. The dimeric silver(I) complex displays an unusual η(2),π coordination from the ß-pyrrolic C=C bond to the silver ion. All of the complexes displayed a close contact between the metal ion and the inner C(22)-H(22) on the m-phenylene ring. The downfield chemical shifts of H(22) and large coupling constants between Cd(II) and H(22) strongly support the presence of an agostic interaction between the metal ion and inner C(22)-H(22). Crystal structures revealed that the syn form is the predominant conformation for TMBPDM complexes. This is distinctively different from the exclusive anti conformation observed in m-benziporphyrin and tetraphenyl-m-benziporphodimethene (TPBPDM) complexes. Evidently, intramolecular hydrogen-bonding interactions between axial chloride and methyl groups stabilize syn conformations. Unlike the merely syn conformation observed in the solid-state structures of TMBPDM complexes that contain an axial chloride, in solution these complexes display highly solvent- and temperature-dependent syn/anti ratio changes. The observation of dynamic (1)H NMR spectroscopic scrambling between syn and anti conformations from the titration of chloride ion into the solution of the TMBPDM complex suggests that axial ligand exchange is a likely pathway for the conversion between syn and anti forms. Theoretical calculations revealed that intermolecular hydrogen-bonding interactions between the axial chloride and CHCl(3) stabilizes the anti conformation, which explains the increased ratio for the anti form when dichloromethane or chloroform was used as the solvent.

Laser assisted tooth replantation case report.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Although intentional replantation for extraoral treatment is a solution for complicated endodontic cases, it is accompanied with risk of root resorption which is most likely due to extraction trauma and infected remnants. Laser therapies have long been proved for bactericidal and biostimulation effects. In the present case, a pulpitis combined severe periodontal destruction molar was extracted with an Er:YAG laser for thorough degranulation and disinfection. Before the extraction and right after the treatment, low level laser therapy (LLLT) with 810nm diode was applied for biostimulation. RESULT: Patient reported no post operative pain after laser treatment. Clinical follow-up showed uneventful healing, and excellent bone regeneration. CONCLUSION: The Er:YAG laser coupled with low level laser therapy (810 nm diode) has shown to assist and improve intentional replantation in disinfection procedure, and it may preserve more vital cells and enhance bioregeneration for less operative pain and better healing.