A Modified Pressure Dressing to Avoid Severe Bleeding After Circumcision With a Disposable Circumcision Suture Device and a Discussion on the Mechanism of Bleeding With the Disposable Circumcision Suture Device.

INTRODUCTION: A novel type of a disposable circumcision suture device (DCSD) has been proved to be effective and safe; however, a few cases of severe bleeding took place after circumcisions. AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness of a modified double-layer pressure dressing to avoid severe bleeding after circumcision with the DCSD, in our department in a prospective randomized controlled study, and discuss the mechanism of bleeding with DCSD. METHODS: Patients with redundant foreskin or phimosis were included between September 2018 and November 2019 and divided into 2 groups: In group A, the conventional pressure dressing was performed; in group B, an modified double-layer pressure dressing was performed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The main outcomes and complications (surgical time, incidence of glans ischemia, severe bleeding rate, infection rate, pain level, total cost, and overall satisfaction) were collected and analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 624 patients were recruited for this study. There was no difference in the average age and body mass index between 2 groups. No patient suffered obvious glans ischemia. In group B, lower pain level, lower incidences of severe bleeding, and better satisfaction were recorded. CONCLUSION: The mechanism of bleeding with the DCSD was discussed in this study, and the modified pressure dressing was proved effective, safe, and easy to perform. W Jiang, J-li Fu, W-l Guo, et al. A Modified Pressure Dressing to Avoid Severe Bleeding After Circumcision With a Disposable Circumcision Suture Device and a Discussion on the Mechanism of Bleeding With the Disposable Circumcision Suture Device. Sex Med 2021;9:100288.

Protective effect of hypothermia and vitamin E on spermatogenic function after reduction of testicular torsion in rats.

This study was designed to investigate the protective effect of hypothermia and vitamin E on spermatogenic function after reduction of testicular torsion in rats. Ninety-six pure inbred male SD rats were divided into group A, B, C and D according to the principle of body weight and birth similarity, with 24 rats in each group. Four groups of rats were respectively twisted on the left testis to establish unilateral testicular torsion rats. Rats in groups A, B, C, D were respectively given normal saline, hypothermia therapy, vitamin E therapy, and hypothermia and vitamin E therapy. The superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content of the four groups were detected, and the correlation levels of inflammatory factors IL-1ß, hs-CRP and related sex hormones luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), total testosterone (T) were detected by ELISA. Apoptosis of spermatogenic cells of testis in the four groups was detected by flow cytometry. SOD activity and MDA content in groups B, C and D were significantly higher than those in group A, MDA content was significantly lower than that in group A (P<0.05), SOD activity in group D was higher than that in groups B and C, while MDA content was lower than that in groups B and C (P<0.05). The levels of IL-1ß and hs-CRP in group A were much higher than those in groups B, C and D (P<0.05). LH and FSH levels in group A were significantly higher than those in groups B, C and D (P<0.05), and in group D were significantly lower than those in groups B and C (P<0.05). Apoptosis rate of spermatogenic cells in group A was significantly higher than that in groups B, C and D (P<0.05). Hypothermia combined with vitamin E can reverse testicular injury in rats and reduce the apoptosis rate of spermatogenic cells.

Development of biocompatible and VEGF-targeted paclitaxel nanodrugs on albumin and graphene oxide dual-carrier for photothermal-triggered drug delivery in vitro and in vivo.

In this study, we performed the characterization and synthesis of biocompatible and targeted albumin and graphene oxide (GO) dual-carrier paclitaxel (PTX) nanoparticles for photothermal-triggered tumor therapy. PTX absorbed on GO nanosheets as cores were coated with human serum albumin (HSA), following surface conjugation with monoclonal antibodies (mAb) against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF; denoted as mAbVEGF) via polyethylene glycol linker to form targeted nanoparticles (PTX-GHP-VEGF). The spherical nanoparticles were 191±5 nm in size with good stability and biocompatibility. GO functioned as the first carrier and a near infrared absorber that can generate photothermal effects under 5-minute 808-nm laser irradiation to thermal trigger the release of PTX from the second carrier HSA nanoparticles. The mechanism of thermal-triggered drug release was also investigated preliminarily, in which the heat generated by GO induced swelling of PTX-GHP-VEGF nanoparticles which released the drugs. In vitro studies found that PTX-GHP-VEGF can efficiently target human SW-13 adrenocortical carcinoma cells as evaluated by confocal fluorescence microscopy as well as transmission electron microscopy, and showed an obvious thermal-triggered antitumor effect, mediated by apoptosis. Moreover, PTX-GHP-VEGF combined with near infrared irradiation showed specific tumor suppression effects with high survival rate after 100 days of treatment. PTX-GHP-VEGF also demonstrated high biosafety with no adverse effects on normal tissues and organs. These results highlight the remarkable potential of PTX-GHP-VEGF in photothermal controllable tumor treatment.