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1.
Yi Chuan Xue Bao ; 33(5): 441-8, 2006 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16722339

RESUMO

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase is a rate-limiting enzyme of pentose phosphate pathway, existing in cytosolic and plastidic compartments of higher plants. A novel gene encoding plastidic glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase was isolated from rice (Oryza sativa L.) and designated OsG6PDH2 in this article. Through semiquantitative RT-PCR approach it was found that OsG6PDH2 mRNA was weakly expressed in rice leaves, stems, immature spikes or flowered spikes, and a little higher in roots. However, the expression of OsG6PDH2 in rice seedlings was significantly induced by dark treatment. The complete opening reading frame (ORF) of OsG6PDH2 was inserted into pET30a (+), and expressed in Escherichia coli strain BL21 (DE3). The enzyme activity assay of transformed bacterial cells indicated that OsG6PDH2 encoding product had a typical function of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase.


Assuntos
Genes de Plantas , Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/genética , Oryza/enzimologia , Oryza/genética , Plastídeos/genética , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Clonagem Molecular , DNA de Plantas/análise , DNA de Plantas/genética , Escherichia coli/enzimologia , Regulação Enzimológica da Expressão Gênica , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas , Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/metabolismo , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Fases de Leitura Aberta , Raízes de Plantas/enzimologia , Plastídeos/enzimologia , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Plântula/enzimologia , Plântula/genética
2.
Yi Chuan Xue Bao ; 30(8): 711-6, 2003 Aug.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14682238

RESUMO

Appearance of rice grain represents a major character of rice quality in many rice-producing areas of the world, especially in hybrid rice production in China. In this study, we conducted a molecular marker-based genetic analysis of the traits that are determinants of the appearance quality of rice grains, including grain length, grain width and grain shape (measured as grain length to grain width ratio). Two typical indica/japonica varieties Balilla and Nantehao(NTH) were selected to construct Balilla/NTH//Balilla backcross population containing 142 individuals. In the population, grain length, grain width and grain shape all conform to the normal distribution with certain transgressive segregation. It can be deduced that all of three traits were controlled by some quantitative trait loci (QTLs). In order to explore the QTLs effect, number and location, a linkage map consisting of 108 SSR markers based on the backcross population was constructed, and QTLs mapping was carried out for grain length, grain width and grain shape. A QTL, qGL-12, was detected for grain length at the interval RM101-RM270 on chromosome 12, its additive effect was 0.26 mm, and can explain 16.7% genetic variation. As for grain width trait, two QTLs were found, qGW-2 located at RM154-RM211 interval on chromosome 2, and qGW-3 at interval RM257-RM175 on chromosome 3, accounting for 11.5% and 16.6% genetic variation, respectively. The alleles at qGW-2 and qGW-3 from parent Balilla can increase grain width by 0.10 mm and 0.12 mm. For grain shape, 3 QTLs, qLW-2, qLW-6 and qLW-7 were found, located on chromosome 2, 6, and 7, respectively. qLW-2 and qLW-7 had positive effect, and they can explain 12.7% and 18.3% genetic variation, while qLW-6 had negative effect and contributed 11.5% genetic variation to the backcross population. The prospects of application of linkage relationship between SSR marker and QTLs in marker based selection (MAS) in rice breeding, and the improvement of grain shape and rice appearance quality were discussed.


Assuntos
Cromossomos de Plantas/genética , Oryza/genética , Locos de Características Quantitativas/genética , Mapeamento Cromossômico , Endogamia , Repetições de Microssatélites , Oryza/anatomia & histologia
3.
Yi Chuan Xue Bao ; 30(3): 267-76, 2003 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12812093

RESUMO

To explore the genes differentiated between typical indica and japonica varieties, two typical indica/japonica varieties, Balilla (japonica) and Nantehao (NTH, indica), were selected to construct genetic populations based on the widely surveying for spikelet and pollen fertility of 90 indica/japonica F1 hybrids, which also were used as the wide compatability testers. In order to analyze the genes (QTLs) related to spikelet and pollen fertility, two reciprocal backcross populations Balilla/NTH//Balilla and Balilla/NTH//NTH were constructed and the spikelet and pollen fertility of each individuals were assessed. In both populations, two traits all appeared distorted normal distribution, but in the first population, they forwarded to low-level fertility type, the later population, forwarded to high-level fertility type relatively. The results indicated that both of male and female gametophytes of Balilla/NTH hybrids were partial sterile. Then we analyzed the SSR marker genotype of each individuals of Balilla/NTH//Balilla population containing 142 individuals, and constructed a SSR linkage map, in which, there were 108 information markers distributing on all 12 chromosomes equably, average marker distance was about 11.9 cM. Therefore the linkage map was qualified for QTL analysis. Two methods were employed to conduct QTLs analysis, i.e., single marker analysis and interval mapping. According to single marker analysis, 17 and 12 markers were found significantly responsible for spikelet and pollen fertility, respectively. And further study by means of MAPMAKER/QTL software, for spikelet fertility trait, two QTLs were detected, qSPTF1 on chromosome 1 and qSPTF6 on chromosome 6, and their additive effect were 13.501 and -16.414, respectively. According to previous studies, qSPTF6 was deduced to be the same locus as S-5. For pollen fertility, qPLLN7 on chromosome 7 and qPLLN9 on chromosome 9 were detected, and their additive effects were -12.003 and -11.012, respectively. Because the QTLs detected cannot explain completely the total variance of mapping population, other genetic factors must be existed to be responsible for spikelet and pollen partial sterility. Hence we let two random markers as putative covariates, and divide the 142 individuals into four groups according to the two marker genotypes, then the average values of spikelet and pollen fertility of each groups were calculated for two-way ANOVA (analysis of variance). The results indicated that there existed strong interaction for both spikelet fertility and pollen fertility. At a significance level of 0.005, there over 61 and 51 pairs loci interactions detected playing an important role in spikelet and pollen sterility expression, respectively. These results indicated that epistasis also was one of major genetic components controlling indica/japonica hybrid sterility.


Assuntos
Hibridização Genética/genética , Repetições de Microssatélites/genética , Oryza/genética , Análise de Variância , Mapeamento Cromossômico , Cromossomos de Plantas/genética , Fertilidade/genética , Pólen/genética , Locos de Características Quantitativas/genética
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